JOSEPH E. WEINLAND, REBUILDER OF
SCHOENBRUNN*
BY ROBERT M. WILKIN
Our meeting tonight is occasioned by
the departure
of our president from our community and
his resignation
as president of this Association and
chairman of the
Schoenbrunn Committee. The purpose of
the meeting
is to take account of his services and
express our grati-
tude for what he has done and what he
has been.
We meet as historians; and
retrospection is the busi-
ness of historians. Historians look
back through the
years, put together scraps of evidence
of the life of
former times, and then make estimates
of men and meas-
ures as viewed in the reconstructed
scene.
In accordance with this function of
historians, and
in order to proceed according to our
habit of thought,
I am going to ask you to project
yourselves into the
future one hundred and fifty years and
then turn and
look back to our times and view the
character and works
of Brother Joseph E. Weinland. We shall
be better able
to estimate his worth if we see him in
true historical
perspective. It is a generally
recognized fact that the
significance of a man's character and
work cannot be
properly estimated by his
contemporaries. It is one of
the rules for admission to the Hall of
Fame at New
York that the bust or memorial of no
man shall be voted
* An address at a special meeting of the
Tuscarawas County Historical
Society in honor of Rev. Joseph E.
Weinland.
(116)
Joseph E. Weinland, Rebuilder of
Schoenbrunn 117
a place in the Hall of Fame until he
shall have been dead
at least twenty-five years. So in order
to gain impar-
tiality of judgment, let us imagine
that we are viewing
the activities of our day and community
from the eyes
of a generation a century and a half
hence.
I shall not take time to describe our
local scene at
that time other than to say that our
county is practi-
cally one city extending from Strasburg
to Dennison and
from Dennison to Newcomerstown. I shall
withstand
the temptation to discourse upon the
vast improvements
at that time. I direct your attention
at once to one part
of the scene which has not taken on
modern improve-
ments and has not grown and developed
with the sur-
rounding country. The little historic
village of Schoen-
brunn stands as it stood three hundred
years ago. Of
course, the hand of time and the
process of decay cannot
be stayed. The little village has taken
on an appearance
of antiquity. The log buildings have
settled into the
landscape and the trees and shrubs have
grown up about
them. Mold and compost have accumulated
on the sides
of the buildings and the stones have
accumulated moss
and lichen.
Now, let us imagine that a history
class from one
of our eastern universities is on a
tour of inspection of
our country. They have visited the
historic scenes along
our eastern border and now they have
passed over the
Appalachian Mountains to visit the
historic scenes in
the central and western part of the
country. Of course
they travel by airplane. And after
passing Pittsburgh,
the site of the ancient Fort Pitt, they
begin to look for
Schoenbrunn, the site of the famous
Christian Indian
village, the site of the first school
and the first church
118
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications
and the first civil code in this part
of the world. They
drop down out of the sky into the
Tuscarawas Airport
and proceed at once to visit the
historic village, for that
is by far the most important thing in
the Middle West.
Here they obtain a view of pioneer life
as it really ex-
isted three centuries ago. Here they
catch the true scene
of the activities of the Moravian
missionaries who
brought the story of the Cross to the
native red men and
preserved the peace between them and
the colonists while
the new nation struggled for its
independence. As they
walk about the streets of the little
village, the instructor
tells them the history of Zeisberger
and Heckewelder
and the Christian Indians. And suddenly
one of the in-
quiring young minds asks, "Is it
possible that this vil-
lage has been standing here for three
hundred years?"
And the instructor says, "No. The
first village was de-
stroyed by the marauding Muncies on one
of their forays
from the north during the Revolutionary
War." And
then his discourse proceeds to the
story of the rebuilding
of the village one hundred and fifty
years later.
The instructor tells how the site of
the village was
lost for many years. The forest around
the village had
been cleared by settlers and the site
of the village had
been incorporated in the fields and the
farms which were
cultivated and tilled until the
plowshare had entirely
eradicated all outline of the buildings
from the surface
of the land. Early in 1920, however, a
sense of the im-
portance of the site was awakened in
the community and
a historical association was organized
for the purpose
of properly monumenting and preserving
the site of the
village. At that time there lived in
Dover, Ohio, a
pastor of the local Moravian Church,
named Joseph
Joseph E. Weinland, Rebuilder of
Schoenbrunn 119
Weinland. He had in him the high zeal
and fortitude
of the famous missionaries of his
church and the ability
in statecraft and administration of the
early fathers of
the Christian church. He lent his
services to the local
Historical Association at its very
inception, and his en-
thusiasm for the cause and his gift of
leadership carried
him at once to the very front in the
work. He con-
ceived the idea that the proper way,
and by far the most
commendable way, to properly monument
the site of the
ancient Christian village was to
reconstruct it so that
succeeding generations might see it in
replica.
And then the history instructor points
out that it
was not an easy task to accomplish such
a plan. It was
almost as difficult to rebuild the
village in Weinland's
day as it had been to build it in the
first place in Zeis-
berger's day. While Zeisberger lacked
certain facilities
for building, he was blessed with an
abundance of ma-
terials. When Weinland set about to
rebuild, it was
with some difficulty that he found
sufficient logs of suf-
ficient size and quality. It was with
difficulty that he
found men possessed of the ancient
skill with adze and
ax to prepare the timbers for the
buildings. Labor was
plentiful in the day of Zeisberger, but
it came at a very
high price in the commercialized day of
Weinland. Tens
of thousands of dollars were required
to defray the ex-
pense of the building and Weinland was
a poor min-
ister. The day in which he lived has
been characterized
as the Jazz Age. It was a time of
intense materialism
and people were interested only in
commercial develop-
ment and pagan pleasures. Weinland,
however, recog-
nized in that very condition the need
for a proper re-
minder of the Christian vision of the
missionary pio-
120
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications
neers. He recognized that the people of
his day needed
to be told and retold that the country
which they en-
joyed was their heritage from Christian
ancestors. The
modern pagans of his day were in as
great need of the
services of Christian ministers as were
the aborigines
whom Zeisberger served.
Inspired by his worthy cause, Weinland
organized
and led committees before the State
Legislature in order
to obtain State aid. He organized plays
and pantomimes
depicting the scenes of the ancient
village in order to
arouse local interest and obtain local
support. He made
repeated appeals to wealthy men and
charitable founda-
tions. He wrote an interesting and
direct account of
the history of the village and placed
it on sale. His in-
genuity made the most of every
honorable opportunity
to raise funds for carrying on the
work. When the
church was rebuilt he enlisted the aid
of all Christian
churches. When the school was rebuilt
he enlisted the
services and assistance of the teachers
and pupils of all
the schools. And best of all, when
money was raised
he supervised its expenditure with
painstaking care and
with the skill of an economist.
The raising of the necessary funds was
not the only
difficulty. Opposition to the project
sprang up in vari-
ous ways. Not only was he confronted
with the indif-
ference of those who said, "I am
interested in the Pres-
ent, not the Past," but there were
organized forces that
opposed the work. One man developed
quite a lot of
believers in his contention that
Weinland had not located
the true site of the village.
Weinland's frank, courteous,
but firm reaction to such opposition
won and maintained
for him the ardent support of all
reasonable minds. His
Joseph E. Weinland, Rebuilder of
Schoenbrunn 121
painstaking care in making excavations
resulted in the
exact location of the church and the
school and the prin-
cipal dwellings as well as the graves
of all the Christian
Indians who had been buried in the
village cemetery.
And then the history instructor tells
his class that
some of the memorandum books which
Weinland had
kept were in possession of the local
Historical Society--
little loose-leafed, leather-backed
books. And having
examined some of these books, the
instructor calls to
the attention of his hearers some of
the items in order
to indicate the extent of the work
which Weinland had
done. Here are found notations of
arguments to be
presented to legislative committees
appointed to deter-
mine whether or not the true site had
been located, and
arguments for other legislative
committees charged with
the responsibility of dispensing public
funds. Here are
expense accounts for numerous trips to
Pennsylvania in
order to make researches in the
archives of the Moravian
Historical Society; quotations from the
diary of Zeis--
berger; scraps of evidence as to the
location of the de-
scendants of some of the Moravian
Indians; notations
of trips made into Canada to obtain
cups which had been
used by the Christian Indians in their
Love Feast; nota-
tions as to the location and ownership
of other relics and
antiques. Here are calculations as to
how the meager
funds at the disposal of the
Schoenbrunn Committee
might best be spent in order to obtain
the greatest ac-
complishment; a wealth of data
embodying the most
minute detail, and innumerable
suggestions for the man-
agement and improvement of the village
for presenta-
tion to the various meetings of the
Schoenbrunn Com-
mittee. And here are the notes for
numerous addresses
122
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications
delivered near and far for the sake of
stimulating in-
terest and obtaining help.
And the instructor then calls the
attention of his
hearers to the fact that all of this
work was done in odd
hours, which most men waste, the hours
which Weinland
could spare from his manifold duties as
active pastor of
a large congregation. All this work was
accomplished
in time which was left after writing
and delivering ser-
mons, calling on the sick and the sorrowing,
and at-
tending all the various meetings which
a pastor of that
day was expected to attend. And then he
would con-
clude that as a result of such
painstaking care and
zealous service, the local community,
the State and
the Nation were given a historic
monument unique
in its conception and truly accurate in
its portrayal of
the scene which it would commemorate.
And then he
adds that Joseph Weinland, after the
completion of the
rebuilding of the village, had been
elevated to a position
very high in the national councils of
his church, but that
in his declining days he had returned
to the ancient
Christian Indian Village where his
saintly character
gave to the scene of his earlier
activity the glory of its
sunset rays, and made of the historic
site a true shrine
of Christian devotion. On the honor
roll of this historic
village, after the names of Zeisberger
and Heckewelder,
the instructor places next the name of
Joseph E. Wein-
land.
And then the history class spin their
propellers and
are off for the next scene.
Rev. Weinland, on behalf of all your
associates in
the work of the Historical Association
in this county,
I wish to say that your services are
highly appreciated.
Joseph E. Weinland, Rebuilder of Schoenbrunn 123 We have enjoyed with rare pleasure the association with you in the work. Your zeal and your fidelity have been an inspiration to us. You have proved to us that a man can take a very active part in the affairs of this world and still maintain the highest Christian principles of conduct. We have enjoyed your friendship and it is with deep regret that we give you up. But we recognize that your church has a right to call you into a larger field of service. And we are comforted by the fact that your interest will still be with us in the work at Schoen- brunn. We have enjoyed your spoken sermons, but the life which you have lived in our midst is a living sermon which shall ever direct us to the ideal life, that of a Christian gentleman. As a token of our sincerity, we present you with a present and placed securely in it so that they may be ever with you, are our love and our esteem and our ardent wish for your return, |
|
JOSEPH E. WEINLAND, REBUILDER OF
SCHOENBRUNN*
BY ROBERT M. WILKIN
Our meeting tonight is occasioned by
the departure
of our president from our community and
his resignation
as president of this Association and
chairman of the
Schoenbrunn Committee. The purpose of
the meeting
is to take account of his services and
express our grati-
tude for what he has done and what he
has been.
We meet as historians; and
retrospection is the busi-
ness of historians. Historians look
back through the
years, put together scraps of evidence
of the life of
former times, and then make estimates
of men and meas-
ures as viewed in the reconstructed
scene.
In accordance with this function of
historians, and
in order to proceed according to our
habit of thought,
I am going to ask you to project
yourselves into the
future one hundred and fifty years and
then turn and
look back to our times and view the
character and works
of Brother Joseph E. Weinland. We shall
be better able
to estimate his worth if we see him in
true historical
perspective. It is a generally
recognized fact that the
significance of a man's character and
work cannot be
properly estimated by his
contemporaries. It is one of
the rules for admission to the Hall of
Fame at New
York that the bust or memorial of no
man shall be voted
* An address at a special meeting of the
Tuscarawas County Historical
Society in honor of Rev. Joseph E.
Weinland.
(116)