THE ROUSH FAMILY IN THE MAKING OF
AMERICA
By LESTER LEROY ROUSH
Introductory Remarks.
To present the history of so large a
family in so small a
compass and make the story interesting
and attractive and useful
to the large posterity of its common
ancestors is a most difficult
task.
Two questions the writer certainly must face are, first,
what to choose from the large
accumulation at hand, and second,
how to present it.
The wider man's realistic knowledge of
history, including
thought and social relationship, and the
more certain and true
his insight into things to come, the
more likely is he to fit into
the policies of the new thought world in
which he finds himself
from generation to generation. A degree of knowledge along
these important lines, at least the
practical phase of them, must
be accredited to members of the Roush
family. In the periods of
social, political, religious and
economic change their intuition was
sufficient to land them on the
progressive side of issues involved.
The theme chosen here is not one of mere
genealogical data,
although a certain amount of this is
necessary and useful in such
an article. Rather the object has been
to show that which will
help the reader visualize the part the
Roush ancestors have con-
tributed to the social, moral, economic,
and political development
of America. A correct knowledge of their
historical significance
will help him the better to appreciate
the principles on which are
based his own ideals toward the
institutions of the present Ameri-
can civilization. In the preparation of
this article the social, in-
dustrial and political life of the
country and the contributions of
the family thereto have been kept in
mind, preserving at the same
time the thread of genealogical
connections for the use of future
generations.
It is timely for this memorial article
to appear now as this
year, 1936, marks the two hundredth
anniversary of the family's
arrival in America. Until ten years ago
no attempt had been
(197)
198
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
made to preserve the identity of the
Roush Family. After five
strenuous years of organized research
effort by the family, the
writer was able to present a volume of
some seven hundred pages
on them and their allies. Not until the volume became well
circulated and members of the family
throughout the nation gained
access to its contents was further
progress made. Much new
data recently have been brought to light
which is included in this
article. A bibliography of considerable
size is still growing.
A colonial family with nearly as many
descendants as Ohio
had population when it was admitted into
statehood must have
made a contribution to American life of
no inconsequential im-
portance. In this day when every effort
possible should be made to
stimulate world peace, references to war
might better be omitted.
Such omission is impossible, however, in
a historical sketch of this
kind because of the part war has played
in the past.
Pre-American History.
First let a sweeping view be taken of
the European progeni-
tors of this large American family. They
came of the tribes that
pushed steadily westward from the
motherland of men in the
heart of Asia, over the plains of
Europe, down into Rome and
Gaul for centuries uncounted until about
1000 A. D. when threads
of their history begin to show here and
there. At this time they
are no longer in tribes but in family
groups, or standing out as
individuals. As early as 1020 they were definitely connected
with the history of central Europe. The
name again appears in
the Anglo-French detachment of the Third
Crusade of 1190. For
the next two or three centuries the name
appears and reappears
at intervals. In the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries the name
comes to the front with a good deal of
frequency, and, in varied
connections, mostly in patriotic and
religious functions. In the
tower of Saint Michael's church hangs a
bell bearing the follow-
ing inscription: "By the help of
God I was carved by Hans
Heinrick Rausch 1677."
"Nicholas Roush was a bell founder in
1683," is inscribed on another bell
in St. Michael's. In similar
and other connections, especially among
the early Protestant
clergymen and educators is the name
common.
THE ROUSH FAMILY 199
The coat of arms of the Roush family has
three variations,
a more artistic touch being given the
second and the third. In
coloring and art it is seldom if at all
exceeded by any family coat
of arms. The first grant was made to
Rausch de Traubenberg,
Bavaria (Nob. au St. Empire Dec. 23,
1539; conf. de nob. 19
Sept. 1660). At this second granting of nobility to the family
in 1660 certain scrolling was added, and
the knight, supposed to
represent the member of the family thus
honored. It is a quar-
tered arms, the first and fourth being
charged with a grapevine
supported by a pole or prop resting upon
the ground. The
second and third quarterings are charged
with a knight holding
in his hand a flaming bomb. This shield
is charged in the center
with a smaller shield of black, having
an irregular band of silver.
The crest is a knight placed between two
black wings. The first
grant of the coat of arms was made
during the reign of Charles V,
the most important in the German annals
and the most brilliant
of the sixteenth century.
The family is found widely dispersed
over Europe, especially
in the central and western countries. A
branch of the Switzer-
land family emigrated in the last
century to Russia, and Rausch
Von Traubenberg of this line was a
commander of the Russian
cavalry in the late war. Ottomar Rausch
was a ranking general
in the German army. Anton Rausch is a
professor in an academy
of art in Munich. His work is of high
order and he is spoken
of in art journals as the modern
Raphael. In Great Britain
the name is Anglicised to such forms as
Roush, Rouse, Rush and
some other variations. The most common
spelling in this country
is Roush, Rausch and Rouse. The earlier
families of colonial
days almost without exception use the
spelling Roush. The later
immigrant families use the original form
of Rausch; a certain
large and well known branch of the
family in the South, particu-
larly Kentucky, uses the name as Rouse.
That streets, villages,
public buildings and highways of western
Europe not uncom-
monly bear the name is affirmed by
members of the family who
were in the World War and those who have
traveled abroad.
Constantinople, named by Constantine the
Great, maintained
its prestige in the Byzantine Empire for
a thousand years after
200 OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
Rome had fallen. The Turks, a fierce
people, after many cen-
turies conquered this city in 1453 and
besieged the rest of southern
Europe. They became terrors to
Christendom. Their military
forces were defeated at Vienna in 1529
and their naval forces at
Lepanto in 1571. This definitely turned
them back and saved
Europe for Christendom. The name Rausch
appears among the
opponents to the mighty Mohammedan
forces.
Long before this the Rausches were
definitely classified with
the Christian peoples of Europe, at
least from the crusade of 1190.
They were not satisfied merely to
prevent a more corrupt form
of religion from dominating Europe, but
they were among those
who first became conscious of the
corruption of their own accepted
form of worship. When they turned from
pagan belief is not
now known. That they are found among the
early Christians is
one of the first evidences of their
ability to adjust themselves to
a new and progressive movement pointing
toward modern civiliza-
tion.
In the foothills of the Harz Mountains,
the birthplace of Mar-
tin Luther, lived some prominent members
of the Rausch family.
As shown by the grant of the coat of
arms, one branch of the
family had received favorable
recognition from the government.
Coincident with Luther members of this
branch became Protes-
tant. They believed that no man on earth
had power to forgive
sin, that remission of sin is possible
through repentance alone,
and urged the people to search the
Scriptures for the words of
eternal life.
For the next century they saw and
suffered the horrors of
persecution resulting from the
reformation movement. Early in
Protestant history one of them, Johannes
Abraham Rausch, was
appointed to the responsible task of
supervising the church and
schools of the Darmstadt district. Here
for fifty years he was a
clergyman and educator of considerable
influence. Records show
that he was prominent in the affairs of
Baumholder University.
Certain of his sermons are still kept in
the archives of this uni-
versity, and his own funeral oration has
been preserved.
He was the progenitor of the early
emigrants to this country
between 1735 and 1740. Among the first immigrants was John
THE ROUSH FAMILY 201
Adam Rausch who landed in 1736, followed
two years later by
Nicholas Rausch, a brother or cousin. A
branch of this same
ancestry came about a hundred years
later and is now numerously
found in the vicinity of Marysville,
Ohio. Still another branch
settled a decade later at Wabash,
Indiana, some of the members of
which are now physicians and bankers.
John Casper Roush whose
ancestry has not yet been determined,
came even earlier.
The Colonial Forefathers.
Toward the close of the year 1736 the Perth
Amboy, having
sailed from Rotterdam, came up the
Delaware River bearing a
young immigrant listed on the ship's
record as Johannes Adam
Rausch. Some years were spent in the
Germantown vicinity of
Philadelphia where he seems to have been
joined by the above
named John Nicholas Rausch. It appears
that he later went up
into Northumberland County where he
probably met and married
the young woman who was to be his
companion in the New World.
Her surname is not known but her
Christian name was Susannah,
which appears with much frequency on
church and legal records.
Emigration to the Shenandoah Valley had
set in and this
family was among the early settlers
there. By 1773 some of
their children were grown and
permanently fixed on a 400-acre
tract of land on a drain of Mill Creek,
in Shenandoah County,
which had been purchased from Lord
Dunmore. The entry of
the name on these land grants was the
occasion of its changing
from Rausch to Roush, which form has
been consistently followed
by their descendants to this day.
Good news and glowing accounts of the
new home on the
American frontier must have been sent
back to Darmstadt; other
members were arriving and finding their
places in the William
Penn colony. They, too, married, settled down and grew up
with the new country. Social and
political developments of the
last century seemed to fix certain
policies very definitely in the
thinking of these young men--sane and
loyal devotion to the
Church, and love for political freedom
and democracy in gov-
ernment. One motive seemed to
predominate--the glorification
of peace through the consecrated genius
of justice and righteous-
202
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL
QUARTERLY
ness. There is evident hatred against
the tyrant whose cruel hand
had mercilessly crushed the life blood
out of thousands of inno-
cent people throughout the eighteenth
century.
Voltaire had spoken. It may have seemed
to him that he
was fighting a warfare alone--war for
the oppressed against
the oppressor--for justice, goodness,
kindness. But there were
other hearts and true ones, into which
fell the seed certain to grow
the harvest of a new and better
political age. The old dogma of
inhuman severity, the feudal lord whose
power was supreme, the
Roman priest, who knew not nor cared for
the justice and tender
mercy of the Christ he preached, were to
be conquered. Voltaire,
Montesquieu, and Rousseau fought with
their quills in keen wit
and sarcasm. And great though their
genius was against worn-
out codes, creeds and customs, their
glory was dimmed by certain
confusions.
The task of assimilating and working
into practical citizen-
ship the permanent values of the
teaching of these men of letters
was left to lesser lights. The
oppression of a thousand years was
to be stopped; a new spirit and a new
age was to be ushered in.
But it was quite unlike anything the
literary men of fame had
dreamed. Antiquated customs and practices were to go, but
reverence and faith and conscience were
not among these. They
would abide. These men made the mistake
of attacking the moral
foundations on which the existence of
human society depend.
Their social and political dreams, not
their skeptical philosophy,
were to be transplanted in the common
citizenry of the colonies
by such faith as was to be found in the
Roush and other families.
Such was the background of the early
Roushes. With them
were many others of like mind, luminous
lights and fruitful also.
In Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and
New York they sowed
the seed for a new society, for equality
and concession, tolerance,
goodwill, the serenity of souls, the
spirit of indulgence, harmony
and peace. Ferocious magistrates could
sway no power among
such a citizenry; money changers could
not enter the sanctuary of
the new land. The weak, the poor, and
the suffering must have
protection, the persecuted and oppressed
must be liberated.
THE ROUSH FAMILY 203
The Roush families with these
principles, deep and abiding,
were becoming numerous by the time the
American Revolution
was springing up. There is a tradition
that John Roush and pos-
sibly his oldest son, Philip, had part
in the French and Indian War
on the side of the English. This has not
been established.
Of the John Roush family nine sons and
three daughters are
said to have lived in Shenandoah County
in the Forestville-New
Market vicinity. Different historians state that nine
brothers
of this family were in the war for
independence. The services
of seven of these, Philip, John, a
captain of the Shenandoah Com-
pany, Jacob, Henry, Daniel, George and
Jonas have been estab-
lished by government records. Some of
the sisters are known to
have married men who were also soldiers
in this war. These
were all men of virile faith. It is said
that it was their daily
custom in family devotion to pray for
their "beloved country,
the United States of America."
The Public School System.
At first thought it seems contradictory
that the family, so
loyal to the Lutheran Church with its
parochial school system,
could be at the same time so ardent in
support of public education.
Their emigration from east to west kept
them on the advance
guard of newer and more progressive
ideas in the nation's de-
velopment. As they settled in new communities their homes
were opened for the purpose of worship
and education. Usually
the first educational advantages offered
were those under the
direction of the Church. This system soon yielded to public
education. This was particularly
noticeable in the early settle-
ments in Ohio, West Virginia, Kentucky,
Indiana and Illinois.
By the time settlements reached the Far
West the public school
system was more generally practiced.
Personal interviews with aged members of
the family have
brought interesting phases in the
progress of public education
before the writer. Again the European
background has had a
marked influence upon the family's
interest in this connection.
It is evident that the family had its
origin in central Europe.
The history of their educational
awakening is essentially a history
of their civilization. School organization
and educational theories
204
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
advanced by the family after all are but
the expression of the type
of civilization which they as a people
gradually evolved. The
Franks of the early centuries were a
people among whom might
made right. The road over which the
family has traveled since
these days when might was the power that
ruled, and children had
no rights which even parents were bound
to respect, to a time
when the child is regarded as of first
importance and adults have
declared by law that the child will be
cared for and educated for
the welfare of the state, is a long
road.
The three strong influences in awakening
educational interest
in the members of the early family were
the Greeks, Romans and
Christians. Superimposed upon these
foundation stones the cul-
ture and civilization of this American
family rests.
There is much evidence that the family
was influenced by that
period of awakening and discovery which
led to that wonderful
revival of ancient learning, the great
expansion of man's thought,
a new and mighty religious awakening and
a period of world
exploration and discovery. It is in
these impulses and forces
that the American family must look for
the background of its
awakened interest in educational and
spiritual development of its
modern generation. To this should be
added the influences inci-
dent to the great revolt against
religious authority, known as the
Reformation. These were the influences
which, in large part, led
them to colonize in America.
The dominant idea in the early education
of the family is
clearly discernible when the religious
background is known. Hav-
ing the clerical family as its
progenitors, members were devoutly
given to religious and church
influences. They were ardent
proponents of Luther's idea of
substituting the authority of the
Bible in religious matters for the
authority of the Church. As
a consequence this meant the
substitution of individual responsi-
bility for salvation for the collective
responsibility of the Church,
and meant that those who were to be
saved, according to this
theory at least, must be able to read
the Word of God, participate
intelligently in Church services, and
conform their lives to the
accepted teachings of the heavenly
Father. The education of all
the members of the family was therefore
a vital necessity.
THE ROUSH FAMILY 205
With the European school plan of an
elementary school sys-
tem for the masses, and a secondary
school system for the classes,
the family seems to have been in great
discord. A democracy
in spirit and thought led these early
settlers to demand a com-
mon school system for all.
The attitude of the family toward modern
education, generally
speaking, is of religious origin, and
comes as one of the fruits of
the Protestant revolt in Europe. From
diaries, biographies, deeds,
wills and certain other sources it is
learned that when the families
moved from the East to the West, schools
were soon begun in
their homes. Religious instruction was a
necessary part of
education. Girls were educated as well
as boys, the emphasis
being placed on reading, writing,
counting and religion rather
than upon higher forms of learning.
A question often asked among the allied
families as well as
those bearing the name is: How do you
account for so large a
number of the family being engaged in
some field of educational
and religious work? It can be thus
easily seen how the attitudes
toward religion and education prepared
them for the public school
system, and how they became strong
proponents of the new plan
for common education. Another strong
qualification for their
work in the field of public education
which should be noted is that
there were among these families many
young men and women of
strong character and good
personality. Representatives of the
family are to be found in all
departments of education from the
presidents of colleges and professors in
universities to common
school teaching; and in religious
activities from presidents of
seminaries to preachers, missionaries
and active laymen in various
denominations.
Upon asking some of the older members
how the early fami-
lies came to lend such large support to
the public school system
the answers received have been in
substance as follows: They
believed that education tended to
prevent pauperism; that it helped
to reduce poverty and distress; that it
made people prosperous
and productive; that schools open to
all, equally upon all terms,
would prevent class differentiation so
common in Europe; that
the church system of education had
become inadequate; that the
206
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
free education of all children at public
expense was the natural
right of free children in a republic;
that the cost of such a system
would be amply compensated by the
social, moral, political and
industrial benefits to be derived from
it; that the wealth of the
state should educate the children of the
state. Evidence that this
was a family characteristic accumulates
as inquiry is made from
the settlements in the West Central and
Far Western States.
The Question of Slavery.
An inquiry was made of some of the older
members of the
family, some of them in their high
eighties, concerning the fore-
father's attitude toward slavery. Some
of these men were men-
tally keen and had treasured with much
interest the traditions of
the family. The results may again seem
paradoxical since the
early families were almost all of the
Democratic Party affiliation.
The Shenandoah branch had come from one
of the slave states
but not one of them ever held slaves.
The same strong attitude
of opposition toward slavery is found
among them that is to be
found among the Pennsylvania branches.
The background must
be examined. While inquiry along this
line has been mostly
among those of the Shenandoah branch,
the same general attitude,
however, is found in the other lines.
One of the old veterans of the Civil War
from Mason County,
West Virginia, was asked how it happened
that so many of the
Roushes were in the Union army in the
war. Having come from
Virginia and being Jeffersonian in
political principles were they
not sympathetic toward slavery? He
replied:
No, you see it was this way. Our
forefathers all served in the Revo-
lutionary War. They believed in the
cause of their new country. They
believed in the "Father of their
Country," they fought with him and lived
for him. George Washington, you know in
his will, freed his own slaves.
We believe that George Washington
foresaw that slavery could not be a
system in keeping with our American
principles of government.
But coming from Virginia was it not to
be expected that they
would be sympathetic toward the southern
point of view? he was
asked. His reply was:
No, none of our families so far as I
have heard held slaves.1 These
1 The census of Virginia lists all
families of the Shenandoah branch as having
no slaves.
THE ROUSH FAMILY 207
pioneer families were very devoted in
their religious faith, and somehow
they came to believe that it was not in
keeping with Christian principles
for one man to hold another in bondage.
Then they saw that slavery in
the New World was causing an enormous
amount of suffering. Anyway
slavery came about because a stronger
race or nation captured a weaker
one. The Bible does not teach that this
is right.
Another veteran of the Civil War, John
Roush from Gallia
County, Ohio, was asked about the
political phase of the ques-
tion. He said:
You know, that was a delicate question.
Our people were all demo-
crats, strong supporters of the
Jeffersonian principles of government. But
Jefferson was opposed to slavery. He saw
to it that the words slaves and
slavery were not used in the Constitution. And Jefferson once
declared as
to slavery, "I tremble for my
country when I reflect that God is just."
You see, that not from the standpoint of
religion, morals, nor politics could
we believe slavery right.
In questioning another of the venerable
men it was found
that he confirmed the attitude expressed
by the others. He added,
however, these remarks:
Two important facts in connection with
the family's relationship to
the slavery issue have been overlooked.
So many of our forefathers could
not have given their service in the
cause of independence unless they had
believed strongly in the nation. We
thought that if they had risked all to
make the nation possible we should give
ourselves for the preservation of
the Union. For these reasons almost all of our families chose to stand
by the cause of the Union. Then by the
time the slavery issue had become
so intensified many of our families had
come west under the influence of
the Ordinance of 1787 which forbade
slavery in the Northwest Territory.
They were living among people who for
the most part thought as did they
about the injustice of slavery and
involuntary servitude.
Records show that from Pennsylvania,
West Virginia, Ohio,
Indiana, Illinois, Iowa and other
states, scores bearing the name
were engaged on the side of the Union
army, some as officers.
Some were captured and held in
Confederate prisons, some
wounded, others were killed on the
battlefield, some died from
the terrible suffering and starvation in
the enemy prisons.
The only exceptions to be noted in their
devotion to the Union
are to be found in one or two instances
from West Virginia, and
certain ones from the branch of the
family in Kentucky which
later came to bear the name Rouse. The
Nicholas Rausch family
of Martinsburg, Virginia, owned slaves
in the early days but
voluntarily freed them. A son, John
Martin Roush, left Vir-
ginia because he did not desire to live
in a slave state. He freed
208 OHIO ARCHEOLOGICAL AND
HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
his slaves and in 1846 migrated to
Springfield, Ohio. One of
his slaves followed him. Here his former master helped him
establish a home. The little house in
which this slave lived for
many years still stands on the National
Road near Springfield.
Life in the Economy of Scarcity.
The family has not been one of rulers,
lords or capitalists.
Neither has it been one of penury and
want. However, speak-
ing in terms of economics, the past history
of this family has been
conditioned in terms of scarcity. The traditional wisdom re-
ceived by members from their forebears,
the philosophies they
developed, whether in terms of
radicalism or conservatism, the
sermons they have listened to, the books
they have read, the laws
they have inherited or adopted, the
constitutions they have honored
and obeyed, the codes of morality they
have observed with intense
rigidity, all have grown up in a soil of
economic scarcity.
The trail of their historical past leads
through a civilization
that has been a mass of poor peasants,
or slaves tilling the soil.
Their small surplus earnings above dire
need was taken by land-
owner, noble, priest, warlord or king.
They looked from their
wooden plow with envy to the man on
horseback in scarlet cloak,
sometimes expressing bitter anger
against him. They awaited the
opportunity to hit the inhuman system a
crushing blow, or if
this failed, a chance to escape from it.
Nourished in this economy of scarcity
they maintained ar-
tists, cathedral builders, prophets of a
new order, statesmen,
scientists, philosophers, educators,
clergy, soldiers. The New
World afforded the only possible
opportunities for the realization
of some of these worthy ideals. For a
generation or so these
pent up ambitions seemed more or less
dormant while they were
emerging from the wilderness of a new
continent. Two phases
of their interests were paramount in
these quiet years-religion
and good government. To these they gave
their full measure of
devotion.
The immigrants soon found themselves the
possessors of
large farms. The children were first
taught by their mothers,
then attended such community school as
the families could jointly
maintain. The first and second
generations had little concern in
THE ROUSH FAMILY 209
learning outside of fundamentals. The
techniques of business
and farming were picked up at home under
the tutelage of the
father or older members of the family.
Handicraft work by the
girls was easily learned by assisting
the mothers. They learned
business also. Large landowners were not
mere farmers; they
made loans of seed and grain. Bartering
was a common practice
and one in which they were well skilled.
They were engaged in
lumbering. The tanning business arose to a fine art amongst
some of the families, especially the
Shenandoah branch. The
large water-wheel on a drain of Mill
Creek at Forestville in Shen-
andoah County remains as evidence of
their craftsmanship and
industry. Deeds still on record specify the purchasing of land
for certain kinds of tan bark.
Accounts were kept in a crude but
creditable manner. Credit
the blacksmith with shoeing horses,
oxen, "upsetting ax," setting
tires, making andirons; charge him with
bushels of corn, wheat,
barley. An occasional balance sheet was
struck with "receipt in
full for all accounts from the Beginning
of the World to this
day."
The Shenandoah homestead remains as an
example of what
their artisans could do. The large
chimney, now gone, perhaps
ten or twelve feet square; the oak sills
a foot square, good for two
centuries; the logs, hand-hewn from the
best timber taken from
the virgin forest, show their skill in
the use of tools. The large
cellar well, walled and drained,
supplied room for the storing of
fruit and vegetables in winter, and with
its wide exit an excellent
dining-room where the men and their
hired hands could eat in
comfort in the heat of summer. Brick was
not to be had, but
native stone was quarried and
appropriated for their use. The
whole community had part in the raising
when a new building
went up.
The kitchen was the heart of the home
and the large fireplace
was the heart of the kitchen. Two wells
with long pole well-
sweeps formed the source of their water
supply.
The daughter's dower, when such there
was, consisted of
homemade linen, iron pots and sometimes
a large brass kettle,
chairs, dressers, tables and some
crockery. The Bible, providing
210 OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
blank pages for marriages, births and
deaths, was never forgotten.
The house and the land about it supplied
the family with
wood, food and clothing. Hogs and beeves
were slaughtered, and
bacon and sides preserved in the
smokehouse. A little wild meat
now and then added to the variety.
Leather was tanned on the
premises and a cobbler's bench set up.
Weaving was a part of
the work of each household. In rush seasons a journeyman
weaver would come and weave as needs
required. Sometimes
this proved fortunate for some beautiful
daughter, a romance
begun, ending in a newly-established
home. The Eleanor Roush
and Alexander Waddell courtship and
marriage furnish romance
enough for a great novel. Their
descendants have supplied a
large percentage of the best citizenry
of Gallia County, Ohio.
A huge woodpile, the diminishing size of
which indicated
the waning of winter, supplied warmth
and comfort to occupants
of both the large floors upstairs and
down. The large iron kettle
on the edge of the yard served for the
rendering of animal foods,
and making soap. Lye came from wood ashes on the hearth.
There was a dye pot for homemade dyes.
Every member of the
household worked. Nothing was wasted or destroyed, no time
lost. Idleness on the part of husband or
wife, child or hired help
was disreputable.
Yet the tempo of life seemed less
hurried than today. Man-
ners were cultivated; little girls
courtesied and little boys bowed
to strangers on the road. The latch
string was always on the
outside when the family was at home.
Whoever entered was
made welcome, given food, drink and
shelter.
Books were few; travel extremely
limited. The Church was
the cultural center, and loyalty and
devotion to the Church and
pastor was manifest almost without
exception. Denominational
rivalry was not an experience common to
this family group.
Lutheran and Reformed groups could meet
in the same church and
with no dissension. Every child was
baptized; the date of birth,
date of baptism and the name of witness
or sponsor to the christ-
ening with relationship indicated were
accurately recorded and
preserved to the present time.
The homemade candles were lit by a coal held
in stout tongs.
THE ROUSH FAMILY 211
Thin sticks were sometimes whittled to
use as lighters; paper
was too scarce. Few imports were
enjoyed. During the Revo-
lution even these were unobtainable.
Pins were not to be had
at any price. Molasses jumped to $20.00
a gallon, and they soon
turned to making their own. Tea and
paper vanished.
This account of the Roush family is a
picture of the economic
conditions through which they, and most
families of their times,
passed. It graphically sets forth the
kind of world in which the
family's economic customs, behavior and
philosophies were de-
veloped.
At the center of the stage in this
setting is hard work, both
as a stark necessity and as a moral
obligation. One member of
the family could become an outcast in no
quicker way than to
attempt to eat at the sweat of another's
brow. This duty to work
devolved upon employer and employee, and
upon children almost
from the time they could walk. Play,
however, was not taboo,
if enjoyed in its proper place. They
were never harrowed by
the harsh tyranny of time-serving and
clock-watching, so exact-
ing in the economy of today.
Unemployment and overproduc-
tion were not in their vocabulary.
Unknown, too, was the idea
of quantity production.
Of like interest is the extent of their
self-sufficiency. Using
the Shenandoah family again as an
example, it is learned that
perhaps seventy-five per cent. of all
economic goods and services
were made available from resources of
their own household. An-
other twenty per cent. came from the
village of New Market
near by. The other five per cent. from
the world outside when
it could be had--tobacco, spices,
Holland lace and such like. The
valley families in cooperation with
their village neighbors were
self-sustaining, and had they been cut
off from the rest of the
colonies they would have suffered the
loss of but few necessities
of life. These conditions of economy
continued in their west-
ward march until late into the
nineteenth century. Such condi-
tions of scarcity created a small orbit
in which they moved. Yet
their vision and objectives were not to
be permanently limited by
these small worlds.
Almost equally striking in their economy
of scarcity is the
212 OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
fact that their scarcity was one of
function. Money figured a
very small part in their system of
economy. Most articles were
made, not bought; raw material was grown
by their own labor,
not imported. Things were made by the
user to use, hence the
better they were made the longer he
could use them. Pride was
expressed in the length of time a
garment could be used, rather
than the frequency in which they would
change styles. The
energy they expended passed directly
into goods to be consumed
by them, thus contributing to the rugged
integrity and moral
responsibility of these early families.
Any irregularities in church or personal
behavior were suf-
fered by members of the immediate
families. They could not
be hidden in the density of the city's
population. From the
founding of the first Lutheran church in
Pennsylvania in which
John Nicholas Roush had part, along
their trek to the Far West
their trail is marked by high moral and
spiritual influence.
Though their descendants number nearly
40,000 people, it is a
rare exception to find one apprehended
by law. They have loved
their native land, stood ready to defend
it, promoted the welfare
of its people and obeyed its laws. Their
conduct was governed by
the principle that moral beauty is the
basis of civilization.
Let it be observed further that class
struggle among them is
difficult to find. The clean-cut
distinction of lord and peasant
so universal for many years in Europe
was unknown among
them. They hated it in Europe and built
their economic system
in America as far as possible from it.
Had this principle been as
universally practiced by all American
families, there would be no
fertile soil for communism in this fair
land. Today man seems
to be moving from an economy of scarcity
to an economy of abun-
dance. The family doubtless will perform
its part in the great
transition.
Pennsylvania Dutch Proclivities.
From their Palatine ancestry they
inherited a certain degree
of art in painting, decorating and
landscaping. The painted fur-
niture of the Pennsylvania Dutch
reflects their immemorial fond-
ness for color. The finely painted
furniture and highly decorated
homes of some of these Pennsylvania
families are well known.
THE ROUSH FAMILY 213
The families of the Lima, Ohio, vicinity
are said to have led
their community in beautifully finished
homes and surroundings.
This distinction has also been
attributed to the Ohio Valley
families. Photographs collected from the western families do
not indicate a loss of this tendency.
A study of some of the old homes of
fifty to one hundred
years ago in Gallia and Highland
Counties indicates a more than
average interest in art for well decorated
and beautiful homes.
This, classically speaking, was a
pleasant art much to be desired
and one that has in no small way
contributed to the making of
"America the beautiful."
Beauty in their own craftsmanship was
an inexhaustible source of happiness to
these families.
In the art of home decoration a most
elegant example is to
be found in the John L. Schneider rural
home of North Canton,
Ohio.
Mrs. Schneider is of the Godfrey Roush line. Other
members of this family specialize in
different crafts to beautify
the home.
Artists speak of the "golden age of
paint." Our early
families enjoyed this luxury. They could
not afford to go in for
fine silver or Venetian glass, for
Genoese velvet or rare tapestries,
but they could afford to make their
homes more attractive. More-
over, these early families were
Protestant, whose revolt against
Catholicism made them object to the
pageantry of Rome, to rich
church interiors and priestly garments.
But though they would
not have highly decorated temples, they
did have a persistent love
for beautiful home situations and
interiors. English boxwood
and evergreen planted by the original
families, such as surrounds
the Shenandoah homestead, speak for
themselves.
Louis Lippman Roush of the Nicholas
branch is representa-
tive of those who have inherited this
art tendency. For many
years he was a designer and illustrator
for Harper Brothers and
for Scribner's, and later for the Ladies
Home Journal. He trav-
eled extensively in the Orient in the
interest of a large Japanese
steamship company. In this capacity he attained his highest
achievements. Stanley Roush of the same branch has been an
architect in Allegheny County,
Pennsylvania, for many years.
His work includes architectural studies
for a new entrance to the
214
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
Allegheny County Court House, and new
city-county bridge, and
boulevards.
Another Pennsylvania Dutch tendency less
pronounced among
the families is the dower chest. It is easy to understand the
importance that a farmer's daughter
attached to her dower chest.
Her general attitude toward life was
reflected by its contents.
In keeping with the common sense and
customs of her people she
insisted that her bridal chest should be
built for pleasure as well
as for usefulness, for looks as well as
strength. There were no
schools for manual arts then, but
somehow the older brothers
achieved fame as artisans in this
capacity even in their own
lifetime. Evidence remains of this
particular skill among the
Cheshire families of Gallia County and
those of the George Roush
branch of Racine, Ohio, and the Shelby,
Ohio, families. Tall
clocks and large chests of drawers show
skill in cabinet work in
many settlements where the family is
numerous. Dr. Ralph R.
Roush of Columbus tells of such a chest
possessed by his father's
family near Shelby, Ohio. Among other
contents of it were
preserved old letters exchanged by this
family with relatives back
in the Shenandoah Valley. On some of
them $5.00 had been
paid for carrying in the pre-postal
days.
A custom, more common in America today
than any other
country, is that of serving pie,
especially the well-known Ameri-
can fruit pie, mince and pumpkin
included. This is one of the
most American of all institutions and does
honor to the Pennsyl-
vania Dutch as its founder. This
particular culinary art has long
held the place of perfection among the
descendants of these early
families. A single glance at a long
table of one of the reunion
gatherings today is ample evidence that
the art is not a lost one
among the present-day housewives. It should be observed in
passing that the early pie-baking
required the development of a
certain type of pottery to meet this
particular demand. So far
as can be learned, the Roush family left
this particular art to
others so inclined.
The guest towel cannot be overlooked.
Who among early
American families have contributed more
to the modern guest
towel than the early Pennsylvania
families commonly classified
THE ROUSH FAMILY 215
as Pennsylvania Dutch? A maid of one of
these families would
not be married without a supply of
linens, the making of which
was the women's work. The accumulation
of these, with other
things which filled her dower chest,
gave some measure of her
housewifely value.
By a study of these remnants of the
past, their decorative art
in the old homes, their artisanship as
cabinet makers, the situations
selected for their buildings, some
pottery, linens, books and cabinets
that survive, the successive stages in
the evolution of the artistic
instinct and the gradual improvement in
the surroundings of
this family in their household
decoration and in their floriculture
may be revealed with fair accuracy. More
detailed study in this
line gives a glimpse of their likes and
dislikes, their mental traits,
their homely philosophy and many
interesting facts of the family
that have not otherwise been recorded in
history. It is evident
that the sense of beauty, like the moral
sense, had not faded out
in their generation.
Farmers Plus.
To the Roush families, agriculture has
for the most part been
a way of life. They have been more than
farmers, they have
been a part of a cultural unit, providing
not only most of their
own economic goods, but educational,
social, and spiritual values
as well. They farmed because they loved
it; for the good of life
as well as for food. Land to them has
not been a capital invest-
ment, it has been a home, a mother. What
the farms became to
them may be expressed in the words of
the unknown Chinese poet:
From break of day
Till sunset glow
I toil.
I dig my well,
I plow my field
And earn my food
And drink.
What care I
Who rules the land
If I
Am left in peace.
Hard times for these families who are
life farmers has meant
more work; not eviction and
unemployment. Deeds and records
show that virtually all the land
transactions of the first two or
216
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
three generations were made. for cash
considerations. Wills show
nearly all the families had little or no
indebtedness, and almost
always some money to be left to their
heirs.
No sooner had the virgin soil been
depleted than they set
themselves to the task of rebuilding the
soil by scientific methods.
They have more than made two blades of
grass grow where one
grew before. The recent technological
improvements have caused
the Roush families to yield but slowly
from their age-long agri-
cultural activities. They have a strong
bent toward staying on
the farm, but they follow the
agro-biologist in his improved
method of production. A study of the various communities
densely populated by the family
indicates that they have resisted
the ravages of depression considerably
above the average of the
statistical report of the country. This fact is accounted for by
two major causes. They have from a long train of ancestry
inherited a type of frugality and thrift
which has given them a
marked degree of independence. To be
able to sustain themselves
and provide for their own is an esteemed
family pride current
during all of their two-hundred-year
sojourn on American soil.
The second contributory cause is their
ownership and operation of
medium-sized farms. This same rule holds
good even with the
small number engaged in factories.
Being largely a rural people it is not
possible to mention the
large number who, from their colonizing
days to the present time,
have succeeded in the agricultural
industry. On the Ohio Com-
pany's Purchase, the Bounty Lands, the
Swamps of Highland
County, the central and northern
counties of the State they have
been among those who practice intensive
and scientific farming.
Some of them are to be found in the
professional and business
lines of this industry. Frank Cross, of
the George Roush line of
Racine, Ohio, is professor of
horticulture in the University of
Oklahoma; his brother Joe is a milk
engineer for the Majonnier
Brothers Creamery Supply Company of
Chicago, with his resi-
dence in Columbus. Dr. Carl W. Gay of
the Eleanor Roush
Waddell line has a place in Who's Who
in America for his
contributions to animal husbandry. He
has been a professor in
Iowa State University, the University of
Pennsylvania, and the
THE ROUSH FAMILY 217
University of Minnesota, and since 1920
professor of animal
husbandry at the Ohio State University.
He is the author of
Productive Horse Husbandry, and Principles and Practice in
Judging Live Stock. His son Hayward, however, has turned to
other lines and is now business manager
for a large Cincinnati
firm covering the city of Detroit; while
the daughter, Lucy, is a
student in the College of Commerce of
the Ohio State University.
The number could be enlarged by
reference to those who have
made like achievements in Indiana,
Illinois and Iowa. Others
have helped to organize and promote the
Grange, Farm Bureau
and cooperatives among the rural
people. In Mason County,
West Virginia, and Gallia and Meigs Counties
of Ohio the families
have been especially active in these
rural interests.
In the Field of Creativity.
In the near one thousand years of the
known existence of
the Roush family, it has passed through
several civilizations.
Any section of the human family, be it
large or small, may be an
active or a passive force or even a
liability in the moving civiliza-
tion of the epoch of which it is a part.
One has facetiously re-
marked that civilization is a conspiracy
of the old against the
young. Though this definition is
unsatisfactory there is a truth
in it which cannot be overlooked. Civilization is otherwise de-
fined in these earlier centuries as
"commodious living." If this
is not limited to the abundant
consumption of goods and the en-
joyment of mere physical comfort, the
influence of such philosophy
upon this family can easily be traced.
If by commodious living
is meant commodity of the spirit more
than of material goods
they are seen to have made large
contributions thereto. An at-
tempt has been made to determine whether
the influence of this
family has been creative or passive, or
whether the family has
been one of those unfortunate sections
of the human race that
has been a continuous liability.
Perhaps the most serious crisis any
family faces in the con-
tinuity of its spiritual and
intellectual life is when any consider-
able portion of its members changes its
attitude toward traditional
beliefs and policies long rooted in
family lore. And yet this is
exactly what must be happening
constantly if the family is to be
218
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
an asset and not a liability to a
creative civilization. The revolt,
though confined to mental combat alone,
may create sufficient con-
vulsion to shake folkways, at least
temporarily.
There is no evidence of sufficient
family unity, at least not
in the last four centuries, to believe
that they ever exerted their
combined physical energy or prowess as a
demonstration of their
strength. The ancestry of the American
lineage has been, almost
without exception, on the side of social
evolution. In church
reform, in government transition and
economic change their major
influence has been with the creative
thought and forces of their
time.
Religion.
The creative influence of this family
has been especially felt
in the field of religion. It is true
that if our culture is to be kept
healthy and creative new worlds to
conquer must be found. The
Roush family, as the pages of history
disclose, has through the
changing ages found these worlds. But
whatever changing scene
of history has absorbed their attention
most at any given time they
have ever believed that the most
difficult and the most worth while
world to conquer is the inner world of
man's spirit. Their devo-
tion to this aim has been as though they
must meet the challenge
or face extinction. From the early
clergy family of the seething
Reformation days, through the Kassel and
the Darmstadt clergy
lines which became the ancestors of most
of the large American
branches this type of devotion is found.
In the colonizing days they were ever
the prime movers for
religious and educational progress in
their newly formed com-
munities. The Nicholas and Casper Rausch
and other branches
of the family of Pennsylvania that later
became numerous in
northern Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, and
likewise the John Adam
Rausch branch, original settlers of the
Ohio Valley in the vicinity
of Point Pleasant, West Virginia, and in
the Ohio Company's
Purchase and the Bounty Lands,
immediately established churches
and a system of education for their
families and neighbors.
Equally encouraging is a study of the
John Rausch branch from
Virginia which moved through Kentucky
under the name of
Rouse.
In all of the larger branches of the Protestant Church
THE ROUSH FAMILY 219
today are to be found members of the
family either of the name
or allied names. Dr. Emil Rausch, D.D.,
LL.D., president of
Wertburg Theological Seminary, Dubuque,
Iowa, because of his
contribution to the field of religion
and learning has found a place
in Who's Who in America. He is
the son of a well-known
clergyman, Gideon F. Roush, active
during a long life in Ohio
Lutheranism. Walter Roush of one of the Ohio families is
professor of Old Testament languages and
interpretation at
Bonebreak Seminary, Dayton, Ohio. Many
others now hold
important pastorates in the Lutheran,
Presbyterian, Methodist
Episcopal, Disciple of Christ and United
Brethren Churches. The
family was among the original founders
of all these religious
bodies in Ohio and other states of the
West. These frontiersmen
have given themselves that in humanity
might be born a new
soul. Devotion to their mystical insight
led them to the fulfill-
ment of their highest desires, inner
strength, spiritual light, divine
love, ineffable peace. Their religious intuition was as real as
their aesthetic inspiration.
James D. Gillilan of the Eleanor Roush
Waddell family, a
Jackson County boy, was educated for the
Methodist ministry
and went first as a missionary to Utah
where he did an important
work.
He then went into the regular ministry of the church.
He was later sent on an inspection tour
of the Methodist mission
fields of China and other countries. Frank
Gillilan, of the same
line, served many important charges in
the Ohio Conference of
the Methodist Church and was honored by
a place on the cabinet
as district superintendent of the
Portsmouth District. Henry
Mills, another member of this line, gave
his talents to the aboli-
tion of the liquor evil. Representing the Ohio Anti-Saloon
League he traveled most of America in
the temperance cause,
often appearing with William Jennings
Bryan and Captain Richard
Hobson. He resides in Westerville where Ray L. Cross
of the Shenandoah branch is now pastor
of the Methodist Church.
The writer of this article, whose record
is to be found in Who's
Who in the Clergy, 1936, is pastor of the Worthington Methodist
Episcopal Church. Charles R. Archer is
active in the work of
220
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
the United Brethren Conference and now
stationed at McClure,
Ohio.
The Melvin C. Roush and Roy Roush
families, of Parkers-
burg, West Virginia, have been prime
movers in building the
largest church school in West Virginia.
The former has for
some years been superintendent of the
school.
Carey H. Roush of Hillsboro, Ohio, may
be said to represent
the pioneer preacher. For thirty years
he has been in the postal
service at Hillsboro. During this time
he has preached for many
of the worthy, but less fortunate,
churches in Highland, Adams
and Clinton Counties for small or no
remuneration. He is a
recognized leader in the Church of
Christ's Disciples, in which he
holds ordination. Captain John Roush, as
lay preacher, traveled
most of Ohio with the Rev. Paul Henkel
in his first visits to the
Lutheran Churches of the State in
1806. He is mentioned in
Paul Henkel's diary as his friend and
man of God. Charles V.
Roush of the Jacob branch from Jay
County, Indiana, is an active
clergyman in Indiana Methodism.
Government in the Making.
Next to religion in the field of
creative influence is the pass-
ing from old and decadent forms of
government to the newer and
modern trend of political control. Every
culture has its problem
to solve; once it is solved it must be
challenged by a new one or
weaken and die. Through the days of
conflict between the Mo-
hammedan and Christian forces, the
extermination of the feudalis-
tic system, the transition from despotic
to democratic rule and
the extinction of human slavery and the
attempt to abolish the
liquor evil, the family, as records
reveal, has done its full share.
Hardly was an American family more
stirred by the ringing
phrases of our Declaration of
Independence than those belonging
to the Roush clan. "When in the
course of human events, it
becomes necessary for one people to
dissolve the political bonds
that have connected them with another,
and to assume among
the powers of the earth the separate and
equal station to which
the laws of nature and of nature's God
entitle them . . ." meant
economic independence as well as
political freedom. To them
there was the deeper challenge to the
human spirit. The charter
THE ROUSH FAMILY 221
of our liberty continues: "We hold
these truths to be self-
evident that all men are created equal;
that they are endowed by
their Creator with certain inalienable
rights; that among these are
life, liberty and the pursuit of
happiness; that, to secure these
rights, governments are instituted among
men, deriving their just
powers from the consent of the
governed." Through these
lines history was marching and this
family was keeping step.
Nine brothers of the Shenandoah family
and nearly as many in
kindred branches gave their services in
the fulfillment of these
ideals. Though many interpreted the
privileges thus gained as
a right to unlimited "rugged
individualism" in a highly materialis-
tic sense the dominant element in the
Roush family never lost sight
of the need of the human spirit. Some have believed that the
greatest barrier to the full enjoyment
of the genuine results of
the Constitution was the recalcitrant
spirit of man himself, and
this remains the strongest redoubt which
still must be stormed.
Their citizenship has influenced the
shaping of a new spirit, the
creation of a new soul without which
culture must die. Democ-
racy became to them the best way to a
civilization that properly
respects and adequately helps to unfold
the richness of human
diversity.
Education.
The culture of the family in their
pre-American days was
arrested only temporarily by the
wilderness life in the New
World which afforded small opportunities
for educational ad-
vancement. In this land they became
pioneers and conquerors;
in the old lands neither their brains
nor their fortune had made
them masters and they disdained to be
slaves. They chose the
wilderness to conquer, finding it easier
than man. A new cul-
ture, a new system of education by their
own creation was to be
enjoyed. Cast forth by great struggles of classes, they refused
to believe in classes, but had faith
that somewhere "beyond the
ranges" men might be free and equal
still. They began on the
American seaboard and drove ever
westward conquering the
wilderness until they reached the Golden
Gate and the Great
Northwest. Slowly but surely they were building for higher
learning as they marched in this
westward advance. They em-
222 OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
braced the opportunity offered by the
"public school clause" of the
Ordinance of 1787 to the fullest extent.
Some were pioneer teachers in the days
when they could teach
as young as they could qualify, often as
early as sixteen years
of age. These were days when the power
to discipline was
quite as essential as technique in the
"three R's." Members
of the family bear the reputation of
having been skilled in both.
Communities still recall the day when a
certain Roush took over
the school and rescued it from the
chaotic rule of undisciplined
youth. Many point to that event as the
day marking the change
in their educational careers.
In "Short Stories of Ohio" by
J. H. Galbreath in the Co-
lumbus Dispatch there is the
following statement of early educa-
tion in the Northwest Territory:
The settlers of both Marietta and
Cincinnati brought the love of edu-
cation with them, and as soon as they
had attended to things that must
have first attention, they began to plan
for the education of their children.
It was in the summer of 1789, the second
year after the settlement, that
Miss Bathsheba Roush established a
subscription school at Belpre, adjacent
to Marietta, a settler granting her the
use of a cabin as a school room.
No American generation has been without
the influence of
the educational effort of some members
of the family for new and
improved educational advantages. Edgar
Ervin of Meigs County,
Ohio, of the Shenandoah branch initiated
the movement for a
better paid teaching profession. As a
member of the Ohio Gen-
eral Assembly he proposed and championed
House Bill No. 1302
to make appropriations for the schools
of the State. As a mem-
ber of the Finance Committee and speaker
pro tem., his influence
for progressive legislation was widely
felt. From this time on
the teaching profession of Ohio has been
a more lucrative calling.
Ervin also organized normal schools for
the training of teachers
and promoted laws for higher
qualifications for teachers in the
public school system. These laws met with intense opposition
in some parts of the State but it was a
step forward in public
education from which Ohio has never
receded. Simeon Hutsin-
pillar Bing, Ph. D., of Gallia County
while president of Rio
Grande College and a member of the Ohio
General Assembly
introduced a bill providing for a more
effective attendance law.
THE ROUSH FAMILY 223
This law still remains a part of the
statutes of Ohio. Dr. Bing is
now on the faculty of Ohio University,
the oldest State university
of Ohio. He, too, is of the Shenandoah
branch.
Prof. Ira B. Cross, of the John Casper
Roush line, is pro-
fessor of economics in the University of
California. He has served
as an agent of the Wisconsin State
Bureau of Labor Statistics,
Wisconsin Tax Commission, and the United
States Industrial Re-
lations Commission, a member of the
American Association of
Labor Legislation, and the American
Economic Association. He is
also a member of a number of honorary
educational societies
among which are Phi Beta Kappa, Beta
Gamma Sigma, Delta
Sigma Rho, Pan Xenia and Artus. He is
the author of Co-
operative Stores in the United
States, Essentials of Socialism,
Collective Bargaining in San
Francisco, and a two-volume work
on The History of Banking in
California, and others.
Catherine Andrews, Gallipolis, Ohio, of
the Eleanor Roush
Waddell line received her B. A. degree
from Wellesley; M. A.
from Ohio State University, majoring in
chemistry. Later she
became instructor in chemistry at Ohio
State University. She
was president of the O. S. U. Faculty
Women's Club, regent of
the Columbus Chapter D. A. R., honorary
member of Sigma Xi
and Kappa Alpha Theta. She married Dr.
Carl W. Gay, pro-
fessor of animal husbandry of O. S. U.,
and lived in Worthington,
until her death in 1930.
Howard A. Roush, Ph.D., of the Jersey
City schools was,
during the days of his stage
performance, considered America's
most marvelous handwriting expert.
"The skill and mental con-
centration in his act transcends
reporting," was written of him.
His work was of such character that it
has not been, and perhaps
will never be, imitated. Charles G.
Roush of Muncie, Indiana,
of the Philip Roush line of
Pennsylvania, received wide recogni-
tion for developing a new method that
combined grade school
geography and history. The work was
recognized by nationally
known educators and gave promise of a
revolutionized method in
the study of history and geography. In the midst of this work
death suddenly called him in 1934.
Robert D. Brinker of the
Shenandoah line has gained renown as a
teacher and scholar;
224
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
a graduate of Marshall College,
Huntington, West Virginia, a
Ph. D. from George Washington
University, of Washington, D.
C., and now in the public schools of
that city. Arthur J. McCul-
lough of the Shenandoah branch is
instructor in ancient and
mediaeval history in the Upper Arlington
High School, Columbus,
Ohio. Wilbur D. Roush of the Jonas
branch, taught for several
years, then became a railway mail clerk
on the Cleveland-Chicago
run, and now lives in Cleveland.
Professor Charles A. Fisher, a Yale
graduate with B.A. and
M.A. from that institution and Ph.D.
from Lebanon University
(the old National Normal University of
Lebanon, Ohio), organ-
ized the Department of Business
Administration and Commercial
Teacher Training in the Susquehanna
University in his native
town of Salinsgrove, Pennsylvania. He is
now head of the De-
partment of Economics and Business
Administration at the John
B. Stetson University, DeLand, Florida.
He is of the Casper
Roush line of central Pennsylvania. He
is interested in the
religious educational work of the
Lutheran Church, being the
eighth generation of the name known to
have been active in this
religious organization.
In 1885 there emigrated from Highland
County, Ohio, one
John Roush III and his wife Rebecca
Rhoades who settled in
Marion County, Iowa. They had a family
of eighteen children.
These grew up with the early history of
that state and became
active in civic and educational
interests of their county and state.
A son Daniel was a pioneer in developing
public education in the
growing West, A son, John Roush IV,
followed the inclination
of his father in progressive religious
and educational work of their
growing country, and is remembered still
as a founder and pro-
moter of the public school system in
that part of the West.
Branches of this line went on to
Montana, and in Missoula and
other communities they have found their
place in educational
advancement.
Capital University of Columbus, Ohio,
was brought into
existence by the Lutherans who emigrated
from Virginia, Penn-
sylvania and Maryland. It was deemed
costly and unnecessary
to send their youth back to Pennsylvania
and Virginia to be edu-
THE ROUSH FAMILY 225
cated. Out of that conviction grew the
school which is now
known by the above name. It has in
conjunction therewith a
theological seminary for the training of
ministers. Records show
that the churches of which the Roushes
were official members en-
couraged and supported this undertaking.
Because of this con-
nection it is now planned by the Roush
and Allied Families As-
sociation of America, Inc., to
memorialize the name in connection
with some Lutheran school. Rio Grande
College in Gallia County
was greatly in need of reorganization
and refinancing. Dr. Simeon
H. Bing was called to its leadership and
eminently succeeded.
His program received the loyal support
of many other members
of the large family in this part of the
State.
Exploration and Travel.
As for exploration and travel no member
of the family has
surpassed Dr. Sigel Roush of Troy, New
York, whose summer
home is in his native county, Highland,
in Ohio. He studied
widely both at home and abroad and
received consecutively the
degrees of B.S., B.A., and M.D. Later he
studied in both London
and Berlin which gave him a lifelong
desire to travel. He has
visited every country of the world,
going mostly into out-of-the-
way places, seldom or never visited by
the usual traveler. He has
sailed every sea and was on one polar
expedition that penetrated
to within a few degrees of the north
pole. He has written
widely for news columns in many
countries and is the author and
co-author of several volumes. The
Swamps is a pioneer history
of the time when the Ohio Valley was a
wilderness with cata-
mounts and timber wolves howling about
the cabins of the early
settlers and when deer paths and not
broad paved highways
wound across the plains and around the
hills. Dr. Sigel Roush
recalls the acts of the pioneer Roush
family in the reclamation
of an extensive area of the Middle West
(Highland County,
Ohio). It forms an invaluable source of
information to those
who desire to know the origin of
American civilization from a
social and domestic rather than from a
political point of view.
Miss Jessie E. Roush of Chicago has made
many visits to the
Holy Land and annually conducts tours to
Europe and farther
east, as her sister Lucy has also done.
The Reverend Thomas W.
226
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
Coleman, a well known minister of the
Methodist Episcopal
Church South, twice visited the Holy
Land. He made extensive
study and did some intensive research
into the history and geogra-
phy of Palestine which resulted in the
publication of a large
volume, Light from the East. Sarah
Roush of the Henry Roush
line of Letart Falls, Ohio, was his
wife. Their grandson, Thomas
Coleman, now an attorney of Charleston,
West Virginia, has not
only been an active layman in religious
affairs but has gained
reputation as a business economist. He
received his B.A. from
Marietta University; Bachelor of Laws
from the University of
West Virginia; M.A. from the Columbia
University; and filled the
chair of Latin and English in Watson
Seminary, Ashley, Mis-
souri. He then became associated with
the Fourth National Bank
of New York City. In this connection he
conducted a personal in-
vestigation of the bank clearing house
system which furnished
him data for a book on the subject. In
his investigation he visited
all the large cities of the United
States and Canada inquiring into
the history, methods and administration
of the clearing houses
of both countries. The resulting Treatise on Clearing Houses
was exhaustive and became an
authoritative reference work in
both this country and Europe. Coleman
has given many lectures
on Biblical subjects, especially the
life and works of Paul.
Other members of the family both of the
name and allied
names have traveled extensively, some to
the European nations,
some to the Holy Land, some to the Far
East. Commercial inter-
ests, the mission fields, teaching
opportunities and philanthropy
are among the interests taking them to
these distant parts of the
world, while others have been lured on
by the mere pleasure and
culture to be derived by such
experience.
Science.
Among those advancing the cause of
science is Gar A. Roush,
metallurgist, one of the Pennsylvania
lines. The following in-
formation is from his biographical
sketch in Who's Who in Amer-
ica: Received his A.B. from Indiana University; M.S.
University
of Wisconsin; assistant professor of
metallurgy, 1912-20, associate
THE ROUSH FAMILY 227
professor 1920-26, Lehigh
University; acting professor of metal-
lurgy, Montana School of Mines, 1926-27;
editor since 1913,
Mineral Industry, an annual devoted to world mineral interests;
special adviser to the Museum of
Peaceful Arts, New York. Ap-
pointed supervisor of training of the
inspection division Ordnance
Department, U. S. A., June 1, 1918;
appointed head of Educa-
tional Bureau, Inspection Division, and
later chief of tests, Metal-
lurgical Bureau; member of American
Electrochem Society;
American Institute of Mining and
Metallurgical Engineers, Amer-
ican Chemical Society, American Metric
Association, American
Legion, Presbyterian, Chemists' Club
(New York); contributor
of numerous articles on electrochemical
and metallurgical topics
in the technological press and various
standard encyclopedias.
Ulric Roush, son of Charles A. Roush of
the Highland
County families, majored in chemistry
and turned to the agri-
cultural field. He was sent under the
employment of a large
fertilizer corporation to Germany to
acquire additional scientific
knowledge of plant life and their
fertilizing needs.
Others who have contributed largely to
scientific progress are
John Uri Lloyd, whose wife was Emma
Rouse (Roush) of the
Kentucky branch, and his son John Thomas
Lloyd. The record
of Lloyd as chemist, teacher and author
can be found in other
publications. He wrote continuously through the years for
pharmaceutical and medical journals, but
in addition to these he
is the author of the following books: Chemistry
of Medicines;
Drugs and Medicines of North America (with C. G. Lloyd);
American Dispensatory (with Dr. John King); Elixirs, Their
History and Preparation; Etidorpha,
the End of Earth; The
Right Side of the Car; Stringtown on
the Pike; Warwick of the
Knobs; Red Head; Scroggins; Origin
and History of All the
Pharmacopoeial Vegetable Drugs; Felix
Moses, the Beloved Jew.
Four times he received the Ebert Prize
of the American Pharma-
ceutical Association, awarded for papers
giving the results of
original research of value to pharmacy
and chemistry. He once
received the Remington Honor Medal, the
highest award of merit
in the field of American Pharmacy. He has been honored by
degrees from many American universities,
among which are:
228
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
Doctor of Pharmacy, University of
Cincinnati; Doctor of Phil-
osophy, Ohio State University. In
American pharmacy the Lloyd
Brothers firm of Cincinnati is a well
known institution.
The son John Thomas Lloyd is traveling
in his father's foot-
steps. He is vice president of the Lloyd
Brothers' Pharmacist
Corporation, Cincinnati, Ohio. He is
author with Dr. J. G.
Needham of Life in Inland Waters; and
is author of the Biology
of North American Caddis Fly Larve and numerous papers on
entomology and kindred subjects. He is a member of Gamma
Alpha, Sigma Xi, American Association
for the Advancement of
Science, Fellow of American
Entomological Society, Member of
American Pharmaceutical Association;
B.A., Cornell; Ph.G., Cin-
cinnati College of Pharmacy.
In the field of medicine and surgery
many have made contri-
butions of more than ordinary
importance. Ralph R. Roush,
D.D.S., of Columbus, Ohio, has performed
some of the most
notable acts of dental surgery of this
country. His accuracy and
skill has commanded the respect and
attention of the dental asso-
ciations throughout the East and South
and Central West. Re-
cently he made a tour of the South
addressing various dental
associations on his discoveries in this
field. His scientific inves-
tigation has been chiefly in the
relationship of oral infection to
systemic diseases. Dr. William Roush of
Lima, now aged, is a
surgeon of recognized authority in
northern Ohio. Dr. D. I.
Roush of Springfield, Ohio, has done
research work in an effort
to combat the dreaded diseases of cancer
and tuberculosis with
results sufficient to gain the
recognition of the Health Bureau of
the United States Government,
Washington, D. C. Dr. L. F.
Roush became chief surgeon with the rank
of major in the Cen-
tral Branch National Military Home,
Dayton, Ohio. His ability
well qualified him for the
responsibility which devolved upon him
in that service. He is now practicing in
St. Petersburg, Florida,
where he serves a large
constituency. His father, Dr. L. F.
Roush, was a well known physician in
Pomeroy, Ohio, for many
years.
Dr. Sigel Roush was for many years a
leading dentist in
Troy, New York, where he had a very
select patronage. A
THE ROUSH FAMILY 229
brother, Dr. Wilbur Roush, began his
career as a pharmacist in
Maumee, Ohio, but later sold his
business and went to Anderson,
Indiana, where he has been a leading
pharmacist for a period
of forty or more years. Dr. Philip T.
Williams of the Nicholas
Roush line has a practice of recognition
in Philadelphia; Dr.
Hansen of the Eleanor Roush Waddell line
practiced many years
in Gallia County, Ohio. Dr. James
Maurice Bowman of the
Philip Roush line from Adams County has
an extensive practice
in Columbus, Ohio; Dr. Howard C. Lisle
of Springfield, Ohio,
of the Nicholas Roush branch, stands
high in the American
Medical Association. Dr. H. P. Roush of
South Bend, Indiana,
of the Darmstadt branch, though of later
immigration, is recog-
nized as an authority in his field. He
has made valuable contri-
butions to the accumulating history of
the family. Dr. William
Waddell Mills was a physician and
surgeon of high rank in Gallia
County, Ohio, having served as surgeon
in the Civil War.
Music.
Fame in musical accomplishments has not
been attained by
large numbers of the family. There has,
however, been a certain
talent toward both instrumental and
vocal music that has been
evident from the earliest American days.
Of the western fami-
lies there is no report, but in Ohio
there has been considerable
musical ability found in most of the
settlements where the fami-
lies are numerous. In the Danville community of Highland
County no rural function was complete
without the Roush or-
chestra or quartet. For a half century
Emanuel Roush has been
a leader among these groups. In Mason
County members of the
family are numerous in church choirs,
community choruses and
music clubs. Their quartets travel far to furnish entertainment
for the National Roush Reunion. From
Meigs County comes
William K. Wilson, now in the Department
of Education of the
state of New York, who has won prizes in
the Eisteddfods and
other musical contests. He has done some original work in the
composition of popular songs. In
Lynchburg, Ohio, is Frank
E. Roush who has written many hymn poems
now in use by
church organizations; he has compiled
and published a hymn
book of his own. In the Racine vicinity
John J. Roush was for
230
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
several decades authority on sacred
music and taught many of the
old style singing schools.
But the work of some has been more
widely felt. From
Gallia County springs "The Florida
Mocking Bird," coloratura
soprano. From a Florida publication is
clipped the following
statement concerning her musical art and
attainment:
Esther (Waddell) Dunham, native of Ohio,
distinguished herself in
high school and college days by vocal
work that first brought out the pos-
sibilities of a remarkable range and
outstanding technique. At Ohio State
University she figured prominently in
musical societies and laid the founda-
tion for later study and experience that
now enables her to take a thrilling
high altissimo A or to execute an
arpeggio or chromatic scale with the clear-
ness of a flute... She sings the most
exacting operatic arias with ease. She
was soloist for the Tampa Symphony
Orchestra, fellow artist with Lajos
Shuk, famous cellist, who characterized
her as "a great coloratura soprano
of charming personality."
Esther Dunham has a coloratura voice of
unusual quality,
comparing favorably to Galli Curci. She
has been called the
"Jenny Lind of Florida." She studied with William Shake-
speare of Chicago, Professor William B.
Hoxie of Philadelphia
and Professor Frank LaForge of New York.
Esther Dunham
is a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Robert B.
Waddell, both of the
Eleanor Roush Waddell line, now
residents of Worthington, Ohio.
From the same branch there comes Miss
Nelle Mills, now
supervisor of public school music of
Westerville, Ohio. Her
career began with Madam Dotti in the
College of Music, Cin-
cinnati. Later she studied with Millicent
Brennan of Ottawa,
Canada. Miss Mills graduated from Ohio
Wesleyan University,
Phi Beta Kappa, B.A. She studied also in
the Morrey School of
Music, Columbus, and under Margaret Pary
Hast, associated with
the Allied Arts Studio of Columbus. She
enjoyed a season of
music with Jacques Isnardon in Paris of
the Paris Conservatory
of Music. The same year she studied
French diction under
Pierre Lescaume. In the University of
Washington, Seattle, she
specialized on public school music. She
is a daughter of Mr. and
Mrs. Henry Mills of Westerville,
formerly of Gallipolis, Ohio.
Homer Campbell, baritone, of this
connection, studied voice
at the University of Berlin for two and
one-half years. He is
with a film production firm in
Hollywood.
THE ROUSH FAMILY 231
In Literature.
In literary attainment some excellencies
are to be found.
References have been made above to the
achievements in author-
ship by many members of the family.
Newspaper editors and
contributors are to be found among most
of the groups, and some
free lance writers. Dr. Sigel Roush has
contributed to numerous
papers and magazines in this and many
foreign countries. The
writer of these lines has been a
contract writer for the last five
years to the Abingdon Press Sunday
School lessons on Literature
and Life; Emory Carleton was editor of one of the Meigs County
weeklies for the last several years; N.
Esta Arnold was for eight
years editor of the Marion Daily
Mirror of Marion, Ohio.
Better known than these is Strickland
Gillilan, editor, and
well known writer of humorous stories
and verse. He was born in
Jackson County, Ohio, of the Eleanor
Roush Waddell line of the
Shenandoah family. He did newspaper work
on the Jackson
Herald, was city editor of the Daily Telegram of
Richmond, In-
diana, and city editor of the Richmond Daily
Palladium; and was
staff member of the Los Angeles Daily
Herald, and Baltimore
American. He was a free lance writer with the Adams Syndicate,
United Press Syndicate, Farm Life and
Roycroft. He was also a
well-known after-dinner lecturer and
lyceum speaker. He served
as president of the American Press
Humorists. The following
books bear his name: Including
Finnigin; Sunshine and Awk-
wardness; A Sample Case of Humor and Laugh It Off.
Pastor Emil Rausch, D.D., LL.D.,
president of Wertberg
Theological Seminary, Dubuque, Iowa, has
contributed to and
edited publications for the Lutheran
Church. In 1909 he became
associate editor of the Lutheran
Herald, and, in 1910, its editor,
which position he held for sixteen
years. He has also acted as
translator of several works from the
German to the English lan-
guage. Octavia Roush, daughter of
Wellington and Helen Roush
of Columbus, Ohio, Shenandoah branch, is
majoring in journalism
in the Ohio State University, graduating
this year from the Col-
lege of Commerce.
Among those active in research work of
the family history
some should be remembered. The
initiative was taken by Lyman
232 OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
Plummer Roush of the Philip line of the
Shenandoah family. His
effort was cut short by his enlistment
in the World War. The
next step was taken by the writer of
this memorial article. In
collaboration with many others the work
was brought to comple-
tion and published in December, 1928.
Some work was done in
this research on the John Rausch line
which is now known in
Kentucky as the Rouse family. It was
discovered, however, that
the history of this family was too
voluminous to be included in
The Roush Family in America. Mrs. Emma Rouse Lloyd, Cin-
cinnati, Ohio, continued the research
and in 1932 published a
handsome and authentic volume on this
line entitled Clasping
Hands with Generations Past. Mrs. Julia Roush O'Melia, Pitts-
burgh, Pennsylvania, of the John
Nicholas Rausch line of that
state has given intensive work toward
the completion of a volume
on the lines not fully covered by these
volumes. Her work is
nearly completed and will soon be ready
for publication.
The Iowa Branch of the Roush Family (Shenandoah Line)
is ready for publication, prepared by
Bleth Wilson Dobson, Mis-
soula, Montana, and Blanch Roush Dansby,
Manor Circle, Sioux
City, Iowa. Some Genealogical Data
Concerning the Cross, Brad-
ford, Clemons, Havley, Mobley,
Hessey, Dillman and Rhorer
Families ties them into the Barbara Roush-Andrew Dillman line
of the John Casper Roush family, one of
the early emigrants to
this country. This work was brought to
completion by Professor
Ira B. Cross of Berkeley, California.
Jack Nida of Columbus,
Ohio, is now completing the Alexander
Waddell and Eleanor
Rausch line. This will present much
history yet unwritten and
will be a memorial to this worthy family
of many achievements.
James A. Roush of Union City, Indiana,
and his brother Sam
D. Roush of Fort Wayne completed the
history of their branch
of the family that emigrated nearly a
century ago from Gallia
County, Ohio. They are of the Jacob
Roush line from Shenan-
doah. Mrs. Belle Doran of Muncie,
Indiana, has assisted with
the Nicholas line, as has Mrs. Ida Belle
Smith. Mrs. Doran
was appointed by the governor of Indiana
on the Indiana George
Washington Bicentennial Commission. The
work was completed
and her report has become a part of
those records filed in the
United States Government archives.
THE ROUSH FAMILY 233
George Harold Roush of Fairmont, West
Virginia, did much
for the branches in his state.
Professor Charles Adam Fisher of
the John B. Stetson University, DeLand,
Florida, whose avocation
is genealogy, wrote The Snyder
County (Pennsylvania) Pioneers,
The Fisher Family History, and is now compiling the history of
the Herralds, assisting in the George
Casper Rausch and other
family lines. Owen L. Roush and
daughters, Una Dell and Alma,
of Hillsboro, Ohio, have recovered all
the branches of Highland
County and made extensive contributions
to the history of the
descendants of these families now in
the West. He has discov-
ered lost church records and translated
important historical facts
long forgotten and not elsewhere
recorded. J. L. Schneider and
daughter, Verlie, present the history
of the Godfrey Roush fam-
ily, a large branch from Lehigh County,
Pennsylvania, that set-
tled in the Canton, Ohio, vicinity.
Business Men and Statesmen.
Wyatt Roush, whose family had emigrated
from Hillsboro,
Ohio, to Kansas, began his career as a
teacher in the public schools;
later became interested in politics and
was elected to various posi-
tions in his county. His party
nominated and elected him to the
legislature of his state and twice
reelected him. He was after-
wards associated with the Slaughter and
Taylor Bank of Bur-
lingame, Kansas, and then with the
Pioneer Mortgage Company
of Topeka, Kansas. His interest in state affairs has been con-
tinuous. W. E. Richey of the Jonas
Roush family of Meigs
County was trained for business and
later became interested in
insurance. For many years he has been
prosperous in business
as president of the
Richey-Flickinger-Barrett Insurance in Cleve-
land, Ohio. Okey Roush of Point
Pleasant, West Virginia, has
grown up with the automobile business
and is a large stockholder
in local banks. Guy Brown Roush
graduated as a pharmacist
but did not find this his vocation. He
founded a business of his
own in Louisville, Kentucky. His firm, the Pioneer Roofing
and Painting Company, is well
established in that city. Thomas
Carleton from Meigs County, B.S. from
Ohio University, was
admitted to Suffolk bar and became a
well known attorney in
Boston. There he had many business and
political interests and
234 OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
his legal counsel was widely
sought. He was an ardent sup-
porter of his party interests. The
excellent quality of his voice,
as often remarked by his colleagues,
contributed much to his
success in both business and in his
legal practice. In his early
life he traveled much in this country
and holds a certificate as
being the first to climb Pikes Peak,
Colorado. A daughter,
Helen, is a well known teacher in the
public school system of
Boston and vicinity. Clyde W. Roush of
Columbus, Ohio, of
the Shenandoah branch, graduates this
year from the College of
Commerce of Ohio State University. He is
majoring in foreign
trade and marketing. During his
university course he has been
employed by the F. & R. Lazarus
& Company.
Oberlin M. Carter, of the Waddell line,
graduated from West
Point with George Goethels, builder of
the Panama Canal. Cap-
tain Carter, while in the United States
Engineering Corps made
the Havana Harbor improvements for the
War Department.
The Honorable John W. McCormick was long
an outstanding
figure in Gallia County affairs. He was
ordained to the Methodist
Episcopal ministry which he followed
more or less until the close
of his life. His business judgment was
sought by leading men
of the county. His Congressional District manifested its con-
fidence in him by electing him
Congressman. Captain James
Campbell of this connection raised
"Company M, 7th Ohio Cav-
alry" and served all through the
Civil War. Later he was sheriff
of Gallia County and figured in its
political interests. A. C. Saf-
ford of this line has been for years an
upright man in business
and religious circles of Gallipolis, a
descendant also of one of
the pioneers of the old French colony in
Gallia County. Fletcher
Ross Williams, now living at Hotel
Cleveland, is a successful
financier. James Ross Campbell, a
graduate in engineering, was
for years a chemical engineer for the
United States Steel Cor-
poration. For six years preceding his
recent demise he was with
the Koppers Company of Pittsburgh, as an
authority on coal
preparation. Jack E. Nida, LL.D., Ohio
State University, a rec-
ognized authority on laws relating to
securities, and his brother,
Glenn, are practicing attorneys in
Columbus and have business
interests there also. Jack Nida
manifests a keen interest in State
THE ROUSH FAMILY 235
affairs. He was for five years general
counsel and assistant chief
of Ohio Division of Securities; past
president of National Asso-
ciation of Securities Commission, the
national organization of the
State and Federal Blue Sky Commission;
author of several law
reviews, articles and works on
securities laws, member of the firm
of Blanchard, Touvelle & Nida,
Columbus, Ohio. James Ross
Campbell, Jr., is a Cornell graduate in
electrical engineering, with
graduate study in the University of
Berlin, and is with the Kop-
pers Coal Company, a Mellon concern of
West Virginia.
Arthur Blythe Rouse was a member of
Congress from 1911
to 1927
from the Sixth Kentucky District. He was
never de-
feated in seeking office. John Kilby
Pollard participated in the
battles of Shiloh, Corinth, Nashville
and other engagements,
served his county as sheriff for two
terms, was member of Con-
gress of the Eleventh Ohio District,
appointed by Governor Wil-
liam McKinley as financial officer for
the Institution for the Deaf
and Mute in Columbus, Ohio, and later
consul-general of the
United States at Monterey, Mexico. He
was elected by the Meth-
odist Church as a delegate to the
General Conference held in
New York in I888. Stanley F. Smith of
the Philip line served
in the Ohio Legislature four years.
Isaiah McConnaughey was
for many years an active influence in
Highland County political
affairs. Robert Roush, attorney, of West
Union, served his
county in the Ohio Legislature. Eugene
P. Mumford, also of the
Philip branch, was appointed by
President Grover Cleveland as
deputy revenue collector, which position
he held for six years.
His family had gone from Adams County to
Beatrice, Nebraska.
G. G. O. Pence was elected to the House
of Representatives in
1912
from Highland County and served four
years, followed by
four years as State Senator from Sixth
Ohio District. George
Roush from Highland County went to the
State of Washington
and engaged in the lumbering industry on
a large scale. Mem-
bers of his family have become prominent
in the social and busi-
ness affairs of the state. Stanley F.
Roush of Meigs County is
engaged in business for the Firestone
Rubber Company in Los
236
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL
QUARTERLY
Angeles, California; Leverett L. Roush,
Pomeroy, Ohio, is district
manager for the Ohio Farm Bureau and a
promoter of the co-
operative movement; Lyman P. Roush of
Waynesville, Ohio, is
with the Iowa Equitable Life Insurance
Company. Melvin C.
Roush is manager of the Banner
Publishing House of Parkers-
burg, West Virginia. James L. Ford of
Worthington, Ohio, is
with the Central Building and Loan
Company of Columbus. Ben
L. Batey and his brother Fred are
architects in Steubenville,
Ohio. James Joy Roush, law student, is
with the Huntington
National Bank of Columbus, Ohio. Henry
F. Ault of Mt. Gilead,
Ohio, of the Allen County group,
represented Morrow County
in the Ohio Legislature for four
consecutive terms.
The family is now organized under the
name of the Roush
and Allied Families Association of
America, Inc., under the laws
of Ohio with the main office at Pomeroy,
Ohio. It operates under
a constitution and by-laws which require
a Board of Trustees to
be elected annually at the time of the
National Reunion. This is
the bicentennial year of the Shenandoah
Branch which originated
the organization and coordinated the
various ancestral lines into
a cooperative unit. The National Reunion
will be held near the
old homestead in Shenandoah County,
Virginia, where the grave
of John Adam Rausch and his wife
Susannah will be appro-
priately memorialized. To promote this
effort the national or-
ganization named Lester L. Roush,
Worthington, Ohio, Ralph
Bryan Roush, Parkersburg, West Virginia,
Roy Roush of the
same city, Owen L. Roush of Hillsboro,
Jack Nida of Columbus,
Ohio, William H. Roush of Mason County,
West Virginia, and
Ben L. Batey of Steubenville with the
president, Dr. D. I. Roush
of Springfield, Ohio.
Summary.
The name "Rausch" of twofold
origin--the rustling of the
wind in the forest trees and breaking
the newly cleared soil--
has survived the centuries. The roots of
the history of this fam-
ily have been traced to that
pre-medieval civilization developed
by the Greco-Roman world. The Roush
antecedents passed through
those days when men first began a
conscientious effort to order
THE ROUSH FAMILY 237
their lives by their understanding of
Christian principles and
were agreed in submitting their lives to
be judged by Christian
standards. They came through that
titanic struggle of the empire
and the papacy, the most momentous
conflict in the history of
Europe. They believed in the unity of
Christendom, the fellow-
ship of professedly Christian nations
considered as a unity, and
thought that if Christianity was to
become a living force it must
have focal manifestation. They looked
out over the kingdoms of
the world and the glory of them, and
desired to win them for
the Son of Man, though they sometimes
ignored the method
which he himself adopted--that of loving
the enemy and suffering
for Him.
The activity in which their idea of
Christendom found most
expression was that of the Crusades. Our
modern point of view
condemns their method, but it is agreed
that the proper modern
counterpart is the missionary
enterprise. From these early cen-
turies there remains in the living
descendants a pronounced be-
lief in a restored Christendom, or a
fellowship of nations based
on the Christian principle.
From the viewpoint of the American
family and many re-
maining in Europe the Reformation served
the purpose of break-
ing away from ecclesiastical authority
which they believed had
degenerated from the true Christian
ideal. To what extent they
were right or wrong the reader must
judge. But there is one
conclusion upon which agreement can be
reached. Up to that
time the idea of Christendom had some
appeal to all nations of
western civilization, but since that
time it has had very little.
This point of view, however, is from the
results of history
rather than from the intolerable facts
as they faced them. It is
vain to speculate on what might have
been, but who knows how
modern civilization might have acted
under similar environment?
Let the words of Strickland Gillilan, a
member of the clan, in
"Blemishes," explain:
I saw her in the cloistered dimness
where
We stranger twain a moment bowed in
prayer.
Upon her cheek a grossly-blemished place
Made hideous an elsewise lovely face.
238
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
I pitied her, deep in my inmost soul,
That Fate on her had levied such a toll.
Then in new radiance the lights upsprang
And with relief my spirit leaped and
sang.
The scar that lashed my sympathy like
whips
A red rose was its stem between her
lips!
Oft in the darkness of our clouded ken
We note shortcomings in our fellowmen:
Soul-blemishes and mind-disfigurements,
Faults, past denial, traits that give
offense.
We pity or we blame, inquiring:
"Why
Must others so less perfect be than
I?"
Then comes the clearer light of graver
years--
Virtues enlarged, sins shrunken, through
our tears--
Till that which seemed a fault in
blinder days
Shines out a glory and compels our praise!
Out of this epoch of history they moved
into that period of
exploration and discovery which gave
them identity with Ameri-
can life. Here they have become the most
American of Ameri-
cans. In religious zeal they have been
favorably compared to the
Pilgrims of New England. Evidence of
their devotion is found
along their entire westward trek. In
loyalty to their country they
remain unexcelled, having served the
cause of the American Rev-
olution almost to the last man. From
then until the World War
in which eighty-four of the name
enlisted from Ohio alone, they
have stood with their country in the
times of her trouble.
Thus it has been shown that each age has
had its own frontier,
and the family has been found there.
Each frontier has challenged
them in its own peculiar manner. They
helped to conquer the
wilderness in central and western
Europe, the wilderness of
America from the rockbound coast of the
East to the peaceful
Pacific of the West. The generation of
today must conquer the
new wilderness not with the ax and the
flint lock of the Colonial
days but with the refined instruments of
modern science and the
fellowship of world brotherhood. Future
generations are called
upon to oppose the enemies to human
justice and progress by
ingenuity, persistence, hard work and
high resolve. In sacrificing
THE ROUSH FAMILY 239
mind and spirit to matter modern man has
perpetrated the most
momentous error of the present
civilization. The hope is that
this large, purely American family, will
maintain its allegiance
to the aesthetic ideal. Will it continue
on its way of traditional
objective, that of developing human
personality? This is the
ultimate purpose of civilization. The
destiny of the Roushes is
in their own hands. Rich in spiritual
heritage, and with the
gigantic strength of science, unknown to
their forefathers, at
their disposal their future has the
possibilities of being associated
with the great adventure of building a
better civilization. To-
ward the attainment of these goals may
the individual members
of the family be inspired with the
beauty of sacrifice and with
the illumination of souls, immersed in
God!
THE ROUSH FAMILY IN THE MAKING OF
AMERICA
By LESTER LEROY ROUSH
Introductory Remarks.
To present the history of so large a
family in so small a
compass and make the story interesting
and attractive and useful
to the large posterity of its common
ancestors is a most difficult
task.
Two questions the writer certainly must face are, first,
what to choose from the large
accumulation at hand, and second,
how to present it.
The wider man's realistic knowledge of
history, including
thought and social relationship, and the
more certain and true
his insight into things to come, the
more likely is he to fit into
the policies of the new thought world in
which he finds himself
from generation to generation. A degree of knowledge along
these important lines, at least the
practical phase of them, must
be accredited to members of the Roush
family. In the periods of
social, political, religious and
economic change their intuition was
sufficient to land them on the
progressive side of issues involved.
The theme chosen here is not one of mere
genealogical data,
although a certain amount of this is
necessary and useful in such
an article. Rather the object has been
to show that which will
help the reader visualize the part the
Roush ancestors have con-
tributed to the social, moral, economic,
and political development
of America. A correct knowledge of their
historical significance
will help him the better to appreciate
the principles on which are
based his own ideals toward the
institutions of the present Ameri-
can civilization. In the preparation of
this article the social, in-
dustrial and political life of the
country and the contributions of
the family thereto have been kept in
mind, preserving at the same
time the thread of genealogical
connections for the use of future
generations.
It is timely for this memorial article
to appear now as this
year, 1936, marks the two hundredth
anniversary of the family's
arrival in America. Until ten years ago
no attempt had been
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