Ohio History Journal

NOTES

NOTES

MATTHIAS LOY, LEADER OF OHIO'S LUTHERANS

1. Ohio State Journal (Columbus), January 27, 1915.

2. Ohio Minutes, 1915 (English District), 65.

3. Willard D. Allbeck, A Century of Lutherans in Ohio (Antioch, Ohio, 1966), 279.

4. Evening Dispatch (Columbus), January 27, 1915.

5. Lutheran Standard, February 6, 1915, p. 89.

6. Various derivations have been suggested for the name Loy. A grandson of Dr. Loy

speculated that the family name may have originally been Spanish. "It is, however, a

not infrequent name in certain sections of southern Germany," he commented. Personal

interview, Dr. Henry Schuh, January 25, 1965. The Reverend George T. Scott, a

descendant of another Loy family, has traced his ancestry to French Huguenot roots, the

name initially having been Luys, Luis, which was corrupted into Ley, Laey, and Loy

when the family sought asylum in Germany. Personal letter from the Reverend George T.

Scott, August 21, 1965. M. Loy, Story of My Life (Columbus, 1905).

7. "Matthias Loy," The National Cyclopedia of American Biography (New York,

1904), XII, 191. See also George Harvey Genzmer, "Matthias Loy," Dictionary of

American Biography (New York, 1933), XI, 478. Few papers exist pertaining to Matthias

Loy senior's first years in America. Parish records of the Zion Lutheran Church,

Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, do not mention either his birth date or age when they refer

to his marriage. Personal letter from Dr. Viggo Swensen, Pastor, Zion Lutheran Church,

Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, August 13, 1965.

8. The seat of government was moved to Harrisburg in 1812. See William H. Egle,

An Illustrated History of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (Harrisburg, 1876), 238;

Loy, Story of My Life, 7, 11.

9. Her name is variously spelled in the records of the Zion Lutheran Church, Harris-

burg, as Christina Rinehart, Riever, and Reaver. Personal letter from Dr. Viggo Swensen,

August 13, 1965.

10. Loy, Story of My Life, 9-12. See also Ohio Minutes, 1915 (English District), 65.

11. See Genzmer, "Matthias Loy," 478.

12. Loy, Story of My Life, 13.

13. Ibid., 9, 12, 13, 14.

14. Egle, An Illustrated History, 633; Loy, Story of My Life, 16-17.

15. Ibid., 17, 21, 25, 27, 29-30, 39, 49.

16. The child, born on January 24, 1841, was named Christian Loy. Personal letter

from Dr. Viggo Swensen, August 13, 1965.

17. Loy, Story of My Life, 30, 31, 33, 34, 39.

18. Ibid., 43.

19. William Warren Sweet, The Story of Religion in America (New York, 1950), 278.

See also Jerald C. Brauer, Protestantism in America (Philadelphia, 1953), 161, 162.

20. On the influence of revivalism on the Lutheran Church, see Frank H. Seilhamer,

"The New Measure Movement Among Lutherans," The Lutheran Quarterly, XII

(May 1960), 121-143. Loy, Story of My Life, 50-51.

21. H. E. Jacobs, "In Memoriam: Charles William Schaeffer," The Lutheran Church

Review, IV (October 1896), 376. See also George Harvey Genzmer, "Charles William

Schaeffer," Dictionary of American Biography (New York, 1935), XVI, 414.

22. Loy, Story of My Life, 50-51.

268 OHIO HISTORY

23. Ohio State Journal, January 27, 1915. The academy was incorporated in 1809.

See Egle, An Illustrated History, 648.

24. Loy, Story of My Life, 60, 61. One writer believes it was an attack of malaria; see

T. E. Schmauk, "Dr. Loy's Life and Its Bearings on the Lutheran Church in This Land,"

Lutheran Church Review, XXVI (January 1907), 191.

25. Genzmer, "Matthias Loy," 478.

26. It was opened to traffic in July 1837; for a description see D. W. Thompson, editor,

Two Hundred Years in Cumberland County (Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1951), 151-163.

27. Lutheran Standard, August 15, 1864, p. 4.

28. Loy, Story of My Life, 68-69.

29. Ibid., 70.

30. The Episcopalians had established a seminary at Worthington, Ohio, in 1824,

which was later moved to Gambier. See C. V. Sheatsley, History of the First Lutheran

Seminary of the West, 1830-1930 (Columbus, 1930), 8, 10.

31. Paul H. Buehring, "Wilhelm Schmidt, Founder of the Columbus Seminary," The

Lutheran Quarterly, VII (November 1955), 352.

32. Sheatsley, History of the First Lutheran Seminary, 15.

33. Buehring, "Wilhelm Schmidt," 352.

34. Loy, Story of My Life, 87.

35. Ibid., 82.

36. Sheatsley, History of the First Lutheran Seminary, 37.

37. Lehmann had not sympathized with Walther's ideas. Personal interview, the

Reverend William Lehmann, June 10, 1965. See also David B. Owens, These Hundred

Years: The Centennial History of Capital University (Columbus, 1950), 17.

38. Loy was unique in this and he believed himself "more powerfully influenced than

the others." Loy, Story of My Life, 86-87.

39. Such "union churches" with Lutheran and Reformed Christians cooperating to

share the same facilities and frequently the same minister were fairly common in

Pennsylvania. See Abdel Ross Wentz, "Relations Between the Lutheran and Reformed

Churches in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries," The Lutheran Church Quarterly,

VI (July 1933), 300-327.

40. Loy, Story of My Life, 94-95.

41. Democratic Standard (Delaware, Ohio), May 15, 1851.

42. Gazette (Delaware, Ohio), Sesqui-Centennial Edition, June 24, 1958.

43. Loy, Story of My Life, 99. The Delaware community has been described as "a

point of radiation for Methodist influence." Eugene H. Roseboom and Francis P.

Weisenburger, A History of Ohio (Columbus, 1964), 138.

44. Democratic Standard, April 10, 1851. See also Edward A. Miller, "History of the

Educational Legislation in Ohio from 1803 to 1850," Ohio Archaeological and Historical

Publications, XXVII (1919), 106.

45. A. A. Ahn, The Centennial Anniversary of the St. Mark's Evangelical Church,

1821-1921 (Delaware, Ohio, 1921), 5.

46. James R. Lytle, ed., Twentieth Century History of Delaware County, Ohio and

Representative Citizens (Chicago, 1908), 249.

47. "Die Kirchen-Ordnung der Zions Kirche von Delaware, Ohio vom 18. September

1835," in the parish records, St. Mark Evangelical Lutheran Church, Delaware, Ohio.

Loy, Story of My Life, 96.

48. "Neue Kirchen-Ordnung der Zions Kirche in Delewar[sic], Ohio vom November

1847," in the parish records, St. Mark Evangelical Lutheran Church.

49. Loy, Story of My Life, 96-97.

50. Communion Register of the Zion Church, Delaware, Ohio, 1849, in the parish

records, St. Mark Evangelical Lutheran Church.

51. Matthias Loy, The Christian Church in its Foundation, Essence, Appearance, and

Work (Columbus, 1896), 186.

52. "Kirchen-Ordnung fuer die Evangelisch Lutherische St. Marcus Gemeinde

ungeaenderter Augsburgischer Confession zu Delaware, im Staate Ohio, angenommen am

31st August, A. D. 1852," in the parish records, St. Mark Evangelical Lutheran Church.

53. Loy, Story of My Life, 118.

54. See the Baptismal, Communion, and Marriage Registers in the parish records,

St. Mark Evangelical Lutheran Church.

55. See, for example, Democratic Standard, December 21, 1848.

56. Loy, The Christian Church, 358-362.

57. Minutes of the Church Council meeting, February 23, 1861, St. Mark Evangelical

Lutheran Church.

58. He preached at Prospect and Norton, Ohio, in addition to the charge in Delaware.

59. "An ordinary sermon should not exceed an hour," Liturgy, or Formulary for the

Use of Evangelical Lutheran Churches (Lancaster, Ohio, 1830), 9. Personal interview,

Dr. Henry Schuh, January 25, 1965.

NOTES 269

60. Minutes of the Church Council meeting, April 26, 1861, St. Mark Evangelical

Lutheran Church.

61. The description is based on a personal interview with Dr. Henry Schuh, January

25, 1965.

62. Muhlenberg had "adopted the procedure of preaching on Sundays for three-

quarters of an hour, and then 'catechizing' the whole congregation upon his sermon."

Altman K. Swihart, Luther and the Lutheran Church, 1483-1960 (New York, 1960), 277.

63. Loy, Story of My Life, 171-172.

64. See Minutes of Church Council meetings, 1861-1865, St. Mark Evangelical Lu-

theran Church.

65. See, for example, Minutes of Church Council meeting, January 13, 1861, St.

Mark Evangelical Lutheran Church.

66. See Minutes of Church Council meetings, February 23, 1861, January 25, 1862.

See also Loy, Story of My Life, 173-174.

67. Personal interview with the Reverend K. L. Dewalt, Pastor, St. Mark Evangelical

Lutheran Church, February 8, 1965.

68. Minutes of Church Council meetings, November 30, 1862, and May 29, 1864, St.

Mark Evangelical Lutheran Church.

69. A four-fold increase since Loy began his pastorate. See Communion Records,

1849-1865, and Parochial Reports, 1855-1864, St. Mark Evangelical Lutheran Church.

70. Loy had also become a minor local literary leader. See Matthias Loy, "Dreams

and Dreamers: A lecture delivered before the Delaware Library Association, January

31, 1856." Archives of The American Lutheran Church, Dubuque, Iowa.

71. Annual Catalogue of the Educational Institutions of the Evangelical Lutheran

Joint Synod of Ohio and Other States, 1914-1915 (Columbus, 1914), 9; Lutherische

Kirchenzeitung, November 7, 1891, p. 358.

72. Miller, "History of Educational Legislation in Ohio," 106.

73. See Minutes of the Board of Directors, Capital University, 1850. This was not

the synod's first charter for a college. On January 11, 1843, the state had incorpor-

ated a "Germania College." See Miller, "History of Educational Legislation," 185-186.

74. Quoted by C. V. Sheatsley, History of the Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of

Ohio and Other States (Columbus, 1919), 134. A complete list of the original incorporators

and trustees is given in William Alexander Taylor, Centennial History of Columbus

and Franklin County (Columbus, 1909), I, 230.

75. Minutes of the Board of Directors, Capital University, 1850.

76. Owens, These Hundred Years, 43; the Esther Institute, 1852-1862, was first

located on Rich Street, and later on East Broad Street near Fourth Street; a description

is given in the Lutheran Standard, December 14, 1853, p. 3.

77. Sheatsley, History of the First Lutheran Seminary, 39.

78. Ohio Minutes, 1851, 24.

79. There were four faculty members. Owens, These Hundred Years, 47, 48.

80. Lutherische Kirchenzeitung, November 28, 1891, p. 381; Lutheran Standard,

September 21, 1853, p. 2.

81. Ohio Minutes, 1853, 28.

82. Lutheran Standard, April 15, 1864, p. 7.

83. Lutherische Kirchenzeitung, December 5, 1891, p. 389.

84. Nine years later Reynolds became a priest of the Protestant Episcopal Church.

See Lutherische Kirchenzeitung, September 4, 1863.

85. Owens, These Hundred Years, 77.

86. Lutheran Standard, July 1, 1866, p. 100.

87. Loy, Story of My Life, 320.

88. Poimenics is a course in pastoral theology; isagogics is an introductory study of

the books of the Bible. See Annual Catalogue of the Educational Institutions of the

Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Ohio and Other States, 1901-1902 (Columbus,

1902), 6.

89. Sheatsley, History of the First Lutheran Seminary, 44.

90. Who Was Who in America: A Companion Volume to Who's Who in America, Vol.

I, 1897-1942 (Chicago, 1942), 751.

91. Sheatsley, History of the Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod, 136.

92. Dana N. Swinehart, "The History and Development of Health, Physical Edu-

cation, and Athletics at Capital University" (unpublished Master's thesis, Depart-

ment of Physical Education, The Ohio State University, 1948), 10.

93. Catalogue of the Officers and Students of Capital University, 1889-1890 (Colum-

bus, 1890), 10.

94. Personal letter to author from the Reverend C. F. Lauer, March 1, 1965.

95. Personal interview, Dr. Henry Schuh, January 25, 1965.

96. Loy, Story of My Life, 328-329.

97. Personal interview, the Reverend H. N. Brobst, February 18, 1965.

270 OHIO HISTORY

98. A Centennial Biographical History of the City of Columbus and Franklin

County, Ohio (Chicago, 1901), 318.

99. Owens, These Hundred Years, 129; Loy, Story of My Life, 369.

100. Taylor, Centennial History of Columbus, I, 229; Catalogue of the Officers and

Students of Capital University, 4-8.

101. Lutheran Standard, February 1, 1865, p. 21.

102. Swinehart, "The History and Development of Health," 14.

103. Catalogue of the Officers and Students of Capital University, 27.

104. Lutheran Standard, April 15, 1864, p. 7.

105. Ohio Minutes, 1842, 18-19.

106. Sheatsley, History of the Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod, 127.

107. Loy, Story of My Life, 285.

108. Lutheran Standard, April 15, 1864, p. 1, 4, 5.

109. Ohio Minutes, 1902, 65.

110. A baptismal hymn, "Jesus Took the Babes and Blessed Them," and a de-

votional hymn, "Jesus, Thou Art Mine Forever," Number 260, Number 518, the

Service Book and Hymnal of the Lutheran Church in America (Columbus, 1958).

111. For examples of Samuel Simon Schmucker's thought, see his The American

Lutheran Church, Historically, Doctrinally, and Practically Delineated (Springfield,

Ohio, 1851) and American Lutheranism Vindicated (Baltimore, Maryland, 1856).

112. Theodore G. Tappert, "Orthodoxism, Pietism, and Rationalism," The Lutheran

Heritage, Vol. II of Christian Social Responsibility, edited by Harold C. Letts (Phila-

delphia, 1957), 43-50.

113. Loy, The Christian Church, 94-95.

114. Matthias Loy, "Introduction to Volume II," The Columbus Theological Maga-

zine, II (February 1882), 6.

115. Fred W. Meuser, The Formation of the American Lutheran Church: A Case

Study in Lutheran Unity (Columbus, Ohio, 1958), 10, 12.

116. Loy was elected on October 25, 1860. See Ohio Verhandlungen, 1860, 7.

117. See Charles William Heathcote, The Lutheran Church and the Civil War (New

York, 1919), Paul S. Dybvig, "Lutheran Participation in the Civil War," The Lu-

theran Quarterly, XIV (November 1962), 294-300, and Jon Lloyd Joyce, "Effects

of the Civil War on the Lutheran Church," ibid., 301-314.

118. Walther was repelled by Methodist Abolitionists, the liberal attitudes of the

German "forty-eighters," and the "Republican rabble." He was convinced that slavery

was upheld by the Scriptures and that the United States was a confederation similar

to the Holy Roman Empire. See Abdel Ross Wentz, A Basic History of Lutheranism

in America (Philadelphia, 1955), 169.

119. See Ohio Verhandlungen, 1861, for the eastern and northern districts; for the

southern district, ibid., 1863; also the Lutheran Standard, August 15, 1865, p. 132, and

July 1, 1864, p. 3.

120. Proceedings of the Convention held by Representatives from Various Evan-

gelical Lutheran Synods in the United States and Canada Accepting the Unaltered

Augsburg Confession at Reading, Pennsylvania December 12, 13, 14, A. D. 1866 (Pitts-

burgh, 1867), 5.

121. Ohio Verhandlungen, 1867, 10.

122. Walter A. Baepler, A Century of Grace: A History of the Missouri Synod, 1847-

1947 (St. Louis, 1947), 198; Loy, Story of My Life, 363.

123. Ibid., 355.

124. Sheatsley, History of the Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod, 245.

125. Ibid., 256, 257, 275, 291, 292.

126. Lutheran Standard, February 6, 1915, p. 88.

127. Owens, These Hundred Years, 121.

128. Ohio State Journal, January 27, 1915.

129. Lutheran Standard, February 6, 1915, p. 89.

LEWIS D. CAMPBELL AND THE KNOW-NOTHING

PARTY IN OHIO

The author, William E. Van Horne, wishes to dedicate this article to Miss Ella

Mae Cope of Hamilton, Ohio, the lady who was an inspiration to more than a generation

of high school students and who first kindled the writer's abiding fascination with

American history.

1. Frederick J. Blue, "The Ohio Free Soilers and Problems of Factionalism," Ohio

History, LXXVI (Winter-Spring), 17-32.

2. Allan Nevins, Ordeal of the Union (New York, 1947), I, 217.

3. Ray Allen Billington, The Protestant Crusade (Chicago, 1964), 301, 331.

4. Ibid., 239.