NINTH ANNUAL REPORT*
OF THE
Ohio State Archaeological and
Historical
SOCIETY
TO THE GOVERNOR.
From February 19, 1893, to February 19, 1894.
To the HON. WILLIAM MCKINLEY, Governor of Ohio:
SIR-The eighth annual report of this
Society was a resume
of the work to that time, chiefly along
lines connected with the
department of American Archaeology and
History at the World's
Fair
Since the date of that report our labors
have been princi-
pally directed toward completing in the
best manner possible an
exhibit for the Fair which should in all
respects prove a credit to
our State.
It first had been the intention to give
this department a
place in the Manufacturers and Liberal
Arts building; but this
structure, despite its enormous size,
was found to be no more
than adequate for the exhibits in the
departments of Manufac-
* Mr. Graham, the Secretary, before
yielding the duties of his office
and leaving for the West, prepared a
very complete and interesting report
of the participation of the Ohio
Archaeological and Historical Society in
the Columbian Exposition at Chicago.
This report gave a full list of the
articles exhibited by the Society and
their donors or loaners; a full report
of the proceedings on Ohio Day, September
14, when the monument of
"Ohio's Jewels" was unveiled
on the grounds of the Exposition. This
report, some seventy-five pages in
length, was too extended to be published
by the State for general distribution
with the State reports of the other
departments. Only a brief synopsis was
therefore printed officially by the
State. That synopsis is herewith
reprinted. The full report of Mr. Graham,
with some additional matter pertinent
thereto, was published by the
Society and distributed to the members
in August 1894.
Ninth Annual Report. 397
turers and Liberal Arts. Hence, it
became necessary to con-
struct a separate building wholly for
American Ethnology and
History. Owing to the delay thus
created, our exhibit was not
fully installed until July 21, when it
was reported to the Execu-
tive Committee.
Associated with the Secretary of the
Society, who had gen-
eral charge of the work, were: Rev. H.
A. Thompson, of
Westerville; Will V. Van Meter, of
Marietta; Seth Hayes, of
Cincinnati; H. P. Starr, of Norwalk; M.
C. Read, of Hudson,
and Prof. G. Frederick Wright, of
Oberlin. These gentlemen
assisted in securing the loan of
collections and individual articles
from the different parts of Ohio and
aided in arranging the
exhibit at Chicago.
We were quite successful in obtaining
loans desired, although
it is becoming constantly more difficult
to secure the loan of
such specimens as we solicited, owing to
owners' fear of loss or
mutilation of the articles.
In the department of archaeology,
especially, we aimed to
present typical specimens demonstrating
variety, classification
and use of articles, avoiding a
multiplication of specimens which
would bring no additional value to the
exhibit as an educational
feature.
The exhibit illustrating the Ice Age,
consisted of charts,
photographs and specimens forming a
compact collection of the
striking glacial phenomena from this
State, collected, prepared
and arranged under the direction of
Prof. G. Frederick Wright,
of Oberlin College.
In the department of history were
exhibited charts, photo-
graphs and paintings, together with
relics of historical value
either by reason of former ownership, or
as illustrating pioneer
customs and usages in this State.
Notably among these were
the following:
Painting illustrating the landing of
General Putnam and his
band on the banks of the Muskingum
River, April 7, 1788, by
Phil. Clover, Columbus.
Three pictures by Mrs. Josephine B.
Scott, Perrysburg,
Ohio,-one of Buttonwood Island, the last
camping ground of
the natives of the Maumee Valley (the
Ottawa Indians), as it
398 Ohio Arch. and His. Society Publications. [VOL. 4
appeared a half century ago, covered
with giant sycamores in
the full vigor of primeval growth;
another, a view of Turkey
Foot Rock and Presque Isle Hill, the
spot made famous at the
"Battle of Fallen Timbers" by
the wonderful daring of the
intrepid chief, "Turkey Foot,"
who commanded the confederated
forces at that time; and the third, a
picture of Fort Meigs, pre-
senting a quiet peaceful evening scene
of the "Old Green Fort."
A painting by Howard Christy, of
Duncan's Falls, repre-
senting the pioneer hunter, Louis
Whetzel, in the act of cutting
his name upon a rock, on the east bank
of the Muskingum River
below Zanesville.
Five frames containing currency issued
by Ohio banks prior
to the adoption of the National Banking
system.
A series of 164 photographic views of
the Muskingum and
Maumee Valleys, and of several Ohio
towns.
A "pioneer kitchen," fitted up
with utensils used among the
first settlers of Ohio; the articles
having been largely collected,
prepared and arranged by Mr. H. P.
Starr, representative of the
Firelands Historical Society.
An entire set of "old blue"
dishes so much in use a hun-
dred years ago in this State, so far as
known the only complete
set of its kind in Ohio.
The plan followed by Ohio in this
department was entirely
different from that of any State in the
Union, inasmuch as it
demonstrated the history of every part
of Ohio from the earliest
period to the present time. The work
demanded close attention
and unceasing effort, and though
executed under many difficul-
ties, the result was one of the best
exhibits made in that
department.
A feature of importance is the fact that
this collection and
much of the necessary expenditure of
time and money attending
its proper installation at Chicago, was
not made simply and
solely for this exhibition, but will
form the nucleus of a State
museum, and thus become of permanent
value. The under-
standing from the beginning was that all
the furniture, cases,
maps, charts, pictures, paintings, etc.,
that were donated for the
exhibit, or paid for from the
appropriation for the World's Fair,
would become the property of the Society
after the exhibition-
Ninth Annual Report. 399
This Society, however, is simply the
trustee of this property,
the ownership being vested in the State.
As a result of this ar-
rangement, the Society has secured six
large wall-table cases,
six table cases and six pedestals,
costing in aggregate $964.30.
The cases have been needed for some
time.
OHIO DAY.
At the time the Society was discussing
plans for the part
Ohio should take in the World's Fair,
General Brinkerhoff, Pres-
ident of the Society, suggested that a
group of statuary repre-
senting Ohio's most honored citizens be
placed in front of the
Ohio Building. The matter was brought to
the attention of the
General Assembly and received their
hearty endorsement,
$25,000 having been appropriated to
carry the suggestion into
effect. The design of Mr. Levi T.
Schofield, of Cleveland, was
accepted, and on September 14, 1893, the
monument was un-
veiled, this day having been set apart
as "Ohio Day" at the
Fair.
On that occasion General Brinkerhoff, in
a stirring address,
paid glowing tribute to the great State
of Ohio and the men in
whose memory the monument was erected.
FORT ANCIENT.
As far as the funds have permitted, the
care of the Fort has
been properly prosecuted. The custodian, Mr. Birgle, has
cleared the ground of rubbish, removed
the unsightly fences
from the interior, and greatly advanced
the work of making the
Fort a popular resort.
Rev. Thomas B. Van Horn, who has had
charge of the
Fort in a general way, has made many
improvements; and
with Mr. Charles Neeramer has compiled
and made a chart of
the Fort at a cost of $137.70, which was
framed at a cost of
$22.50, making total cost, $160.20.
400 Ohio Arch. and His. Society Publications. [VOL. 4
An appropriation sufficient to purchase
the remainder of the
fortification should be made. This would
enable the Society to
assume entire control of much of the
surroundings of the Walls,
and would render them better able to
beautify the park and keep
it and its surroundings in original
condition. Were this park in
Europe it would have been under the
proper care of a society for
many years; and in fact it is better
known and the facts relating
to it are more widely discussed in the
countries of Europe than
in America.
SERPENT MOUND.
Another remarkable work in Adams county,
known as the
Serpent Mound, was purchased through the
liberality of the
women of Boston for the Peabody Museum.
More than four
thousand dollars has been spent in
restoring this work to its
original condition, beautifying the
grounds surrounding it, aud
making it not only a place of great
historical interest, but of
popular resort. The work is so far from
the Cambridge Museum
that they cannot give it as much
attention as it deserves.
This park has been offered to the Ohio
Archaeological and
Historical Society, if it will simply
take care of it. This means
that at a nominal expense this work can
be kept in its present
condition and be under the control of
the Ohio Society.
A STATE MUSEUM.
Through the liberality of the Trustees
of the Ohio State
University at Columbus, the Society has
been invited to place its
collections of archaeology and history
in the university buildings.
A museum building for Geology has just
been completed and
named "Orton Hall," in honor
of Dr. Edward Orton, Professor
of Geology at that institution and State
Geologist of Ohio. The
archaeological section has been placed
by Professor Orton on the
gallery floor of the geological room.
Place elsewhere will be
provided for the historical section.
Ninth Annual Report. 401
Placing the exhibit in this manner in
the State University,
not only enlists the sympathy and aid of
the University through
its Board of Trustees, its faculty, its
students and their friends,
but the Society has been assured their
active support. It is only
a question of time when a State building
devoted entirely to
American Ethnology will be necessary.
Not a museum of this
nature in America has been started with
so good a foundation as
we now have. It only needs proper care
and development to
place it among the best in the land.
CENTENNIAL EVENTS.
On April 7, 1888, occurred the
centennial celebration of the
settlement at Marietta, Ohio, a full
account of which was pub-
lished in the second volume of the
proceedings of the Society.
The centennial celebration at Gallipolis
was observed Octo-
ber 19, 1890, by centennial services in
most of the churches of
Gallipolis, that day being Sunday. The
celebration was con-
tinued during the week in the various
halls of the city, full
account of which proceedings is
contained in the third volume
of the Society.
The most imporant coming centennial
event will be that of
General Anthony Wayne's Treaty with the
Indians at Green-
ville, August 3, 1795. The last General
Assembly passed a joint
resolution in relation to the proper
celebration of this event,
which resoulution reads as follows;
WHEREAS, The year 1895 marks the
centennial epoch of the conquest
of the Indian nations and the
establishment of peace in the territory now
comprised in the State of Ohio and
adjacent country northwest of the
Ohio river; and,
WHEREAS, Said conquest was made by the army under command of
General Anthony Wayne, a gallant and
meritorious soldier in the War of
the Revolution and the Indian Wars, the
battle of Fallen Timbers on the
Maumee river, August 20, 1794,
completing the chain of victories, and sub-
duing the Indian tribes; and,
WHEREAS, The treaty of peace, made on
the 3d day of August, 1795,
at Fort Greenville (built on the site of
Greenville, Ohio), by General
Wayne, on behalf of the United States
and various Indian nations occupy-
ing the territory northwest of the Ohio
river, was of national importance,
Vol. IV-26
402 Ohio Arch. and His. Society Publications. [VOL. 4
and established peace and permitted the
extension of American settlements
therein; therelore,
Be it resolved by the General
Assembly of the State of Ohio, That
steps
be taken to properly observe the one
hundredth anniversary of this im-
portant event in the history of our
country;
That the United States government should
erect a suitable memorial
structure on the site of Fort Greenville
to perpetuate the memory of Gen-
eral Anthony Wayne and his gallant army,
and that our senators and rep-
resentatives in Congress be requested,
through the governor, to secure such
a memorial;
That to accomplish the intent of this
resolution the Ohio Archaeolog-
ical and Historical Society is hereby
authorized and directed to take the
necessary steps to secure a suitable
centennial celebration at Greenville,
Ohio, on August 3, 1895, and to obtain,
if possible, through congress, such
a memorial as will fittingly and
appropriately perpetuate the centennial of
this important event and those
conspicuous in its history;
That the governor of Ohio be authorized
to invite, on behalf of this
state, the states of Pennsylvania,
Virginia and Kentucky, which states fur-
nished most of the soldiers in the
campaign of 1794, and to send repre-
sentatives to participate in such
celebration. And also the states of
Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin
and Minnesota, which states, with
Ohio, comprised the territory northwest
of the Ohio river, to send repre-
sentatives to this centennial, and to
invite said states to prepare such tab-
lets or other mementos for such memorial
structure as they may desire.
PUBLICATIONS.
The Society has issued three volumes of
publications. Of
the third volume about forty copies
remain. Volumes One and
Two are entirely exhausted. The demand
for them has been so
great that the General Assembly has
increased the annual appro-
priation one thousand dollars for the
purpose of increasing the
publication of these volumes.
At this time (December 26) the first
volume is about ready
for distribution. The second will be
completed about the first
of February. These volumes are, like all the Society's publica-
tions, not for sale. They are given only
to members who sup-
port the Society, and anyone desiring to
secure them can do so
only by this channel. The annual
membership fee of five dollars
gives to each member one copy of the
publications of the year
for which the dues are paid.