CHAPTER XLIXPROHIBITION AND POLITICS -- FORAKER'S QUALITIES --DUELLING IN KENTUCKY -- EMERSON'S INSPIRINGPHILOSOPHY -- POLITICS IN THE PULPIT -- GENERALMITCHELL URGED FOR PENSION AGENT -- DEATH OFPENDLETON -- NIHILISM -- DEATH OF GENERALCROOK, HIS CHARACTERISTICS -- 1889-1890
NOVEMBER 5, 1889. Tuesday. -- The election day in many
States. . . . The Democrats seem to be in the best condi-
tion. There is the usual dissatisfaction to weaken the party in
power by reason of the spoils doctrine. Then the dismissal of
Tanner hurts with the soldiers. Governor Foraker leans too
much towards the boss system and spoils system. He is influ-
enced greatly by this. He is brilliant, witty, eloquent, and very
popular with the hurrah boys, but the sober and conservative ele-
ment of the party dislike his methods and would be glad to see
him run behind the ticket. Some want him beaten and votes will
be lost. I hope we shall carry the State -- elect Governor For-
aker and the whole ticket, securing the Senator, etc., etc. But I
am not at all confident.
Thinking of prohibition: As now understood, it is not radical.
It is compromising; it stops at a half-way house. It is only
half prohibition--it favors half of the liquor traffic. It pro-
hibits only selling. It does not stop or try to stop buying. This
is our human way of doing things. We know there would be
no unchaste women if there were no impure men. But we con-
demn the prostitute, thrust her in prison, cast stones at her;
but we ask the man, who is equally to blame, to dine at our
tables! Addressing my young friends, I ask your attention to
the words of an old radical. I want no debate. The debating
room has its value. But it is no place to form wise opinions.
The air is too heated--too full of electricity. When you wish
(521)522 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
to reach sound conclusions, keep cool. Sleep or be calm enough
to sleep on what you hear.
A generation ago, I had hope and faith in the Maine Law. I
was as zealous in its behalf as you are now. But mark my words.
It is in the long run the demand that brings the supply. Where
there are no buyers there will be no sellers. Where there are
many buyers there will be sellers in spite of your laws. To the
vice and crimes of drink, you will add the crimes of law-
breaking, of perjury, of hypocrisy, of meanness.
Beware of compromise measures; beware of the half-way
houses on the road to vice and crime. You cannot make fish of
one and flesh of the other. If you would stamp out vice, you
must punish equally the equally guilty. As a general statement,
the moral turpitude of the buyer is greater than the moral tur-
pitude of the seller.
November 6. Wednesday. -- The Democrats seem to have
carried everything. If the reports of this afternoon are correct,
they have the state ticket and legislature as well as the govern-
orship. It was anticipated that Foraker would be beaten, but
it was hoped that the state ticket and legislature might be saved.
It is useless to spend time on causes. They are easily seen.
Rutherford suggests one consolation for this household:--"It
leaves you the only governor ever elected for a third term"!
Small favors, etc.
November 9. Saturday. -- The Democrats celebrate their vic-
tory today. Our gifted and brilliant governor is very enthusiasti-
cally supported by the strong party men. He is an extreme par-
tisan, and those who are like him in this respect stick to him.
But, as often happens with such men, he is unpopular at the
polls--more so than Blaine; as much so as Conkling would
have been in a state or national election. He is lacking in sober
judgment. His partisanship blinds him--makes him an unsafe
leader, and his bitter sarcasm excites a corresponding animosity
against him. It was unwise to run him a third time.
My gallant comrade of the Thirty-fourth-Thirty-sixth Ohio,
the color-bearer of the regiment at Sheridan's victory of Win-
chester, is turned out, or surely will be, of his place by the politi-
FORAKER'S CHARACTERISTICS 523
cal cyclone of Tuesday. Another example of the wretchedness
of the spoils system. I have written at his request to Colonel
McClung to do the best he can for him. But Colonel McClung
has his duties and his committals.
November 10. Sunday.--Church with Fanny. In the after-
noon Mr. and Mrs. Bristol called. Mrs. Bristol attended the
Woman's Home Missionary annual meeting at Indianapolis. She
described with spirit the various scenes in the convention which
were of special interest. The memorial meeting as to Mrs.
Hayes was a beautiful and affecting scene. Mrs. Davis deliv-
ered a touching address. As I read it aloud to Fanny and Ruth-
erford the tears would flow and my voice faltered.
Just received a dispatch from Green Clay Goodloe that his
brother has died--Colonel William Cassius Goodloe--from
wound received in the bloody encounter with Colonel Swope in
the Lexington post-office last week, and requesting me as the
wish of the family to act as an honorary pall-bearer. I have no
disposition to refuse. Our relations with the deceased and his
family are friendly, not to say intimate, He was appointed by
me minister to Belgium. He was a frequent attendant as a com-
panion of the Loyal Legion in the Ohio Commandery of which
I was commander. He placed his daughter in my charge when
she went to school at Farmington, Connecticut, when my daugh-
ter was also going to school. His daughter visited Fanny here
afterwards for a week or more. Fanny was her bridesmaid
when she, Miss Goodloe, was married last summer.
Can I not make this the occasion for a word or two some-
where in favor of a reform in the Kentucky public sentiment
which has caused this fearful tragedy. I do not undertake--I
do not assume--to apportion the blame for this awful and lam-
entable event between the community, on the one side, and those
two unfortunate gentlemen, on the other. I know not how many
hearts are crushed and almost broken. I know not what large
circle of relatives and friends are now in deepest affliction by rea-
son of the death of these two Kentucky gentlemen. May I not ask
you to hear a word, not of blame, not even of advice, but of en-
treaty, that this event may lead to a pause, to reflection, [to] a
524 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
change in public sentiment ? Will not every good Kentuckian, every
brave man, every good woman, resolve that, from henceforth
always, the man who firmly refuses to seek to take life, or to
risk life in any form on any merely personal account, for any
personal offense or insult, shall be sustained and held in full re-
spect and honor as a gentleman altogether worthy?
November 17. Sunday. Nashville.--Left home last Mon-
day. . . . [Tuesday at] Lexington, attended funeral of
Colonel Goodloe. Visited monument to Henry Clay. Supper at
Dr. Skilman's. All exceedingly pleasant.
[Wednesday], called an hour on Mrs. Goodloe. A cruel trag-
edy for her and the whole household.
Evening back to Cincinnati to Aunty Davis', where I found
Fanny. [On the] 15th reached Nashville, Maxwell House, an
excellent hotel, at 5 P. M.
A goodly number of prison people here. The local historian,
Dr. Lindsley, and General Wheeliss has [have] charge of us.
Last evening a large and very fine meeting in spite of the cold
rain. Well received. A lovely basket of flowers given me by
the ladies of the Hermitage Association through Colonel Col-
yar.
Rev. Dr. Fitzgerald in the McK---- Church (Methodist Epis-
copal, South) preached to a vast crowd an excellent prison re-
form sermon.
Nashville, November 18. Monday.--We found [yesterday
afternoon] a good industrial school for boys, not convicts, but
needing a home either from poverty or from incorrigibility.
Founded by Mr. Cole and sustained by the State.
One of our old and good wardens had a return of former
drinking habits, and after speaking indiscreetly for five minutes
he was sung down! This puts us even with our Nashville friends
-- we match their drunken mayor with our drunken warden.
Excellent papers in our first meeting in the State-house by
Felton and Smead. Both especially marked by all good qualities.
Afternoon, visited [the] chaplains' meeting. [At] 6:30 P. M.,
with General Wheeliss and Fanny and General Brinkerhoff
called on Mrs. President Polk. A noble specimen of a very aged
PRISON CONGRESS IN NASHVILLE 525
lady -- intelligent, spirited, cheerful, and cultured. Her adopted
daughter and daughter, Mrs. and Miss Pall, and Mr. Pall all
agreeable and the ladies very beautiful.
Evening meeting, Dr. Cunningham, of Alabama, showed up
in a lively way the horror of the lease system in Alabama.
At 9 P. M. with George H. Thomas Post G. A. R.; told the
story of Lucy's last day with the G. A. R., Memorial Day, at
Sandusky!! Full of emotion! Alas!
November 24. Cincinnati. Sunday.--At our old-time
friends, Dr. John and Mrs. Davis'. Reached here about 8 P. M.
last night after an agreeable ride from Nashville with Fanny.
Our Prison Congress was an unusually good one; good papers,
liberal sentiments, harmony, and good social relations. The
South was well represented by men of excellent purposes. We
all left Nashville with pleasant impressions of that fine city in
spite of most unfortunate weather.
The Peabody committee were unanimous in taking the first
steps looking to the final adoption of Nashville as the site of the
final Peabody memorial--the establishment of "The Peabody
Normal College."--Present, Bishop Whipple, Governor Porter,
Dr. Green, Dr. Curry, and myself. Absent, Senator Gibson.
Friday in spite of illness I visited the college. Much pleased.
President and Mrs. Payne well fitted for their high duties.
three hundred and thirty students, two-thirds female, already
there. I anticipate the growth of a great institution--the best
of its sort anywhere. We appropriated about seventeen thousand
dollars as the beginning.
November 29. Saturday [Friday].--I bought "The Light
of Asia" by Edwin Arnold and shall read it next.
I must now take up resolutely my correspondence, neglected
for three weeks. Every morning and until noon I will work.
December 1, 1889. Sunday.-- Miller, Aunt Nancy, and
Mary dined with us. Solomon's Temple, no larger, Aunt Nancy
says, than the Presbyterian church in this town! Where did the
one hundred and fifty thousand men work?
Evening with Bristol, Drs. John and Robert Rice. Spirit by
526 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
induction "knows other spirits." An interesting talk on im-
mortality. All things are alive--all things are eternal.
December 2. Monday.--Mrs. Mame [Minnie] Manly, the
eldest of the daughters of Uncle Scott, with Nellie here.
Brought back my loss more sharply than before in many weeks.
I saw a note also by Lucy showing her delight in the new im-
provements of our home, coupled with a few words of doubt
whether she will [should] live to see them finished! The ache
all came back to me! Tears were swimming again all day.
December 4. Wednesday. -- I wrote to Wines, Sanborn,
Wayland, and Round of National Prison Association matters to-
day. My effort is to encourage and to harmonize.
Read the President's message. All who supported him have
reason to congratulate themselves and him upon it. I am par-
ticularly pleased with his treatment of so many questions that I
hesitate to particularize. But I will venture to thank him for
his [words in favor of] aid to education in the South.
SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO, December 5, 1889.
MY DEAR PRESIDENT:--I read your message from an official
copy last night. All who supported you--as I see it, all good
citizens -- have great reason to congratulate themselves and you
on your excellent message. I am particularly pleased with your
treatment of so many questions that I hesitate to specify.
But I must thank you for your wise and efficient aid to edu-
cation in the South.
Please do not feel called on to reply.
Very sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
PRESIDENT HARRISON.
December 5. Thursday.--Wrote to Mrs. Herron as to our
Chautauqua manner of reading Emerson. We began with his
essay on "Immortality." We are so far only wiser in knowing
more fully how little can be really known on this deep question.
EMERSON ON IMMORTALITY 527
SPIEGEL, December 5, 1889.
DEAR MRS. HERRON:--My intentions were good. Your letter
on the essay of Emerson was to the point and set me to reading.
Having given to "Immortality" a second hearing, I was ready
to reply. But alas, all sorts of claims came down on me. I
spent Thanksgiving with Mary and Birch and the boy. While
there I got hold of Edwin Arnold's "Light of Asia." Instantly
I was switched off into Buddhism. I read all of the notes. Some
touched on our question. I was greatly attracted. Now I am
mixed. But I must begin.
There is nothing consecutive in Emerson. He is often ob-
scure. Sometimes, perhaps, -- precious confession, -- unmean-
ing. He will not change our faith; he will not lead us to any
faith. But I insist that we shall be more and more content with
God, with the future, with this whole bow-wow. We shall have
more charity for others' errors. We shall have fewer errors of
our own. Therefore let us read him. I have gone next to "In-
spiration." But you will ask, Are you done with "Immortality?"
Yes, for now! We can return to it.
What are the results so far? I am sure you have them all.
There is no assurance of the great fact in question [namely,
immortality]. All the arguments are mere probabilities,
analogies, fancies, whims. We believe, or disbelieve, or are in
doubt according to our own make-up--to accidents, to educa-
tion, to environment. For myself, I do not reach either faith or
belief in the fact in its true sense, viz., that I--the conscious
person talking to you--will meet you in the world beyond--
you being yourself a conscious person -- the same person now
reading what I say.
Do you ask, What have we gained? Not much, I admit. But
it is something to know, that with the best mind of our time
and race, we do not know. I confess that I have a "longing
after immortality," in the ordinary sense of the word. But I
am far more content with whatever may come since I have
read Emerson's calm, quiet, self-satisfied way of dealing with the
deepest questions. It is something to trust God.
Now, shall we try "Inspiration"? You sit at the helm. Choose
528 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
as you are inclined. I will insist that the more we read of Emer-
son the better we will like him; the wiser we will be; the better
we will find ourselves; and, by consequence (if anything is con-
sequence), the happier. Which is one of the aims--the chief
aim being to become better, to get character.
But I am almost giving you drivel when you want thought.
And you deserve thought. You have such a good head.
Sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
MRS. HARRIET C. HERRON,
Cincinnati.
SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO, December 5, 1889.
MY DEAR GUY: -- I have yours of the 30th ultimo. Fanny and
I spent three weeks in Lexington, Cincinnati, and Nashville last
month, and upon the whole very pleasantly. The bereavement
returns in full force at irregular but lengthening intervals. Last
Monday, the coming of two of the kinsfolk who were favorites
with Lucy brought it all back with unabated pangs. Then it will
occur that for hours I am free from the grief and happy once
more. I find new reasons for consolation as time passes. No
end to the kind things coming from unexpected quarters. All
facts tending to her honor are full of contentment for me. The
tears flow unbidden when I least look for them.
You are indeed fortunate in the continued health of yourself
and your brothers. My kindest regards to them. I feel an in-
creasing interest in your State. It is like one of my homes. At
the Nashville Prison meeting I met McCulloch of one of your
prisons. It was like meeting a comrade of the war.
All who are connected with you, the Ballingers [and] those
of your name, are all in the inner circle of those I prize.
I send herewith some photographs -- of small account to you,
but it is a pleasure to send them.
With old time affection,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
HONORABLE GUY M. BRYAN,
Texas.
EMERSON ON IMMORTALITY 529
SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO, December 5, 1889.
MY DEAR FRIEND:--Your letter, before I went South, came
duly. Fanny and I had a most enjoyable time--specially so.
I am now at home for the winter--barring a trip or two to
Columbus, to Cleveland, Toledo, and possibly, to see you quietly
at Chicago.
I would like to read something by the lady you speak of before
meeting her. After meeting her we shall be committed shall we
not?. . .
I have at longer intervals a return of the feeling that nothing
is left -- nothing important.
With all regard. Ever sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
HONORABLE WILLIAM HENRY SMITH.
December 7. Saturday. -- The Methodist Episcopal Church
is losing its hold on the people by its greed for gold and for
power in partisan politics. Money and partisanship are its twin
evils. During the war it drove out all Democrats and now it is
expelling all Republicans. Its anxiety for the million! Not the
million of souls but for the million of dollars!
SPIEGEL, December 9, 1889.
MY DEAR AUNTY DAVIS: -- I will try to keep in mind the case
of our friend, if I shall be called on to act. I return the letter.
As to the other matter, I see no objection unless it is in what
I told you, that another friend has our assurance that all we
have is at his disposal for the purpose of a biography. I will
meditate on it, and in due time advise you. The visits here
and all such details can be arranged to suit.
Yes, the gloom of these days -- the loneliness of them! Some-
times I think the pangs are deeper now, but they are less fre-
quent.
Ever sincerely,
MRS. E. G. DAVIS, RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
Cincinnati.
34
530 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
SPIEGEL, December 9, 1889.
MY DEAR FRIEND: -- I was meditating on your letter when the
enclosed came from our dear friend, Auntie Davis. She deliv-
ered a memorial address before the Woman's Home Missionary
Society, at Indianapolis. It was good; so good that the hearers
wanted it published with additions as an "In Memoriam." She
spoke to me about it. I assented to her wish to have some items.
Now it has blossomed out into what you see. I have written a
non-committal reply in which I say, "I have assured a friend
that all we have (material, etc., etc.) is at his disposal." I will
move slowly. Please return my letter from "Aunty" Davis.
We must meet to talk this over. As it is my affair I will come
to Chicago, [or] meet you at Cleveland or Cincinnati or wher-
ever it will be most convenient for you within a month or two.
Ever sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
HONORABLE WILLIAM HENRY SMITH.
December 10. Tuesday.--Busy with correspondence and
bringing up arrears of all sorts. Since the sad days in June con-
fusion has held possession of my papers and affairs generally. I
now begin again to take hold. Henry Howe, the author of
"Ohio Historical Collections," of more than forty years ago, and
[who] now has issued the first volume of a revision, came last
night. He wants a loan of five hundred dollars from each of
twelve friends, secured by a deposit in trust with George W.
Sinks, of Columbus, of the plates of the work. I must of course
be one of the lenders. He is now seventy-three years of age and
time begins to tell on his mind and energy. But I hope he will
pull through.
December 11. Wednesday.--If he [Howe] gives a sketch of
my life, why not let him say of my military career, it was wholly
in the grade of colonel; and certainly very few--perhaps no
colonel--had a more fortunate and conspicuous military record.
Grant said of him [Hayes] -- [Quotation not given.]
WASHINGTON AND LINCOLN 531
SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO, December 13, 1889.
MY DEAR SIR:--It was simply out of the question for me to
attend the centennial observance by Congress. Of course I am
glad to be remembered in that connection. It is hardly probable
that I shall visit Washington this winter; but at some time, I
hope it will be convenient for you and Mrs. Sherman to receive
me again as your guest, when it is practicable for me to come.
With thanks for your valued invitation.
Sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
HONORABLE JOHN SHERMAN.
December 17. Tuesday. -- Lieutenant Kennon went over the
war papers relating to the Shenandoah Valley campaign of 1864.
His point is to show the value of Crook's services. No doubt he
[Crook] originated the flank movement at Opequon--the first
great victory.
December 18. Wednesday.--All day, with swimming eyes,
arranging papers and scraps-encomiums on my darling. Never
felt her absence more. Dear friends called; gave pictures of her
to Mrs. Shomo, who full of sympathy told of seeing her in her
dreams.
Read Hawthorne's "American Notes," and Emerson's "Great
Men." Must repeat his talk of Lincoln.
I have the idea that the incarnation of Washington and his
memorial was the Society of the Cincinnati; the embodiment of
Lincoln, his memorial, is the Loyal Legion. His ideas, his aims,
are our ideas, our aims. Washington sought independence, na-
tionality; Lincoln, liberty, equality of rights, the Golden Rule.
December 19. Thursday. -- President Bashford, of Delaware,
came about 7:15. A healthy talk until 11 P. M. Gave him my
ideas on the injury done to the Methodist Episcopal Church by
politics in the pulpit. Also a full talk on the great question of
the future: How to equalize more fairly the distribution of
wealth. How to get for the laborer his share of the wealth he
creates.
532 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
Was glad to find that he agreed with me on both questions,
viz., pulpit politics and the danger of wealth in a few hands.
December 20. Friday. -- Spent the forenoon with President
Bashford, chiefly talking of the public men I had met, and of the
critical questions dealt with during my Administration. He spoke
of the interest and importance of a full account of these events
by my hand. Afternoon, correspondence and arranging books
and papers, sadly confused since the death of my darling wife.
December 21. -- Six months ago today Lucy received her
fatal stroke about 4 P. M. This recalls her last conscious day
on earth! My tears flow as freely as ever today. I would not
call her back, but alas, how empty--how lonely the world is
without her!
December 22. Sunday. -- I heard yesterday evening of the
death in Washington of Mrs. E. F. Andrews. This charming
and beautiful lady was one of Lucy's nearest friends in Wash-
ington. When Lucy died she was in such a critical condition
that she was not told of the death of Mrs. Hayes. Now she has
gone! I must write to Mr. Andrews.
December 24. Tuesday. -- I was most agreeably surprised in
the afternoon by Mary with Birchard and the boy coming into
the house, all in good health and spirits, to spend the Christ-
mas with us! It will make the day happier. Nothing can drive
away the sadness that comes to me in these days. But the dear
one is more and more prized with a sweeter sorrow.
December 26. Thursday.--A good letter from Aunty Her-
ron on the essay of Emerson on "Inspiration." We are reading
Emerson together. She finds, I am glad to know, that Emerson
"lifts her out of the life of trifles and gain and comfort,"
and "fills her with rest and content." "A confirmed disciple
even at this late day." This is hopeful. Better far than doubt,
and agnosticism.
SPIEGEL, December 26, 1889.
MY DEAR MRS. HERRON:--Your letter on the Emerson essay
is interesting. You write a great deal in a few words. It is
EMERSON ON INSPIRATION 533
a special satisfaction to find you so fully appreciating the al-
most infinite worth of his writings. "Rest and content" and to
be "lifted above trifles"--is not this all that is best in religion,
whether natural or supernatural? I suspect I fail to "guess" the
nature of your reflections as you read the fine talk (p. 260):
"What is a man good for without enthusiasm?" etc., etc. "The
moth flies into the flame of the lamp," etc. I agree fully with
him and you on conversation. (276) "One hour sitting on a log
with Mark Hopkins is worth more than a week of the great
college with all its 'facilities.' "
You find obscure passages. Is not the one at page 257 simply
the assertion that in our "happy moments" -- when we are poets
--when inspiration is with us, everything we see or think, or
conceive of, is "expected"?--is a matter of course? And in
like manner, at 261, "ecstasy will be found normal" -- that is ac-
cording to law -- natural, as the falling of a stone?
I am afraid you will find me shallow -- too thin. For example,
at page 264, what is the "risk"? Is it anything more than the
insanity of extreme exaltation? Talking on in this way smacks
of egotism. I ought to ask you to enlighten me in Emerson's
dark sayings. But they do not trouble me. I have read him so
much that I skim or slide easily over hard things.
My physical health seems perfect. Some effects of the blow
do not leave me. The periods between extreme suffering are less
frequent--wider apart--but not less painful. A Christmas
without Lucy! On the day of her death six months ago! We
are in bondage to mental habits; [to] the recurrence of dates. In
each month certain days bring the past freshly before me. I
fancy I shall be free from these frequent reminders after a year
passes. There is a feeling of loyalty to her which seems to com-
pel me to indulge mournful thoughts. Do not mistake. Relief
is coming. I am more like myself--more hopeful. . . .
Very sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
P. S. -- What essay next? With some hesitation I venture to
suggest: Let us begin with the first of the volume "Poetry and
Imagination." It contains less that is on the deep questions
534 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
than some others. But I do want you to read extensively Emer-
son's writings. Their tone, spirit, essence are full of the savor
of salvation. Besides this essay has its full share of passages,
mysterious and dim.--H.
MRS. HARRIET C. HERRON,
Cincinnati.
December 28. Saturday. -- Read Emerson. Received a letter
from Major Hosea excusing me from a speech, if I would attend
the banquet of the Loyal Legion. This makes me happy. For
the first time, I may enjoy the occasion without the alloy of a
task--of a speech.
My favorite prose authors are for the most part American,
Emerson, Hawthorne, Lincoln, Webster. These I read most. I
have read of poetry chiefly, Shakespeare, Byron, Scott, and, lately,
Arnold (Edwin), and Browning.
Private.
SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO, December 28, 1889.
MY DEAR SENATOR: -- The Clyde matter I cannot speak of off-
hand. Will inquire. Captain Cleary, the writer of the letter, is
a good Republican soldier -- reliable.
My suggestion for the medical board for pensions is, John B.
Rice and William Caldwell, Republicans, and Frederick S.
Hilbish, Democrat; all physicians of the best class in this town;
all soldiers of the war. This suggestion is approved by our Mem-
ber of the House, Colonel Haynes. By the way, I know Colonel
Haynes well from his youth up. A decided partisan Democrat,
he is trustworthy and judicious. I hope you will be on the best
footing with each other. He will do to tie to.
Please tell your clerk to send me two copies of Chief Justice
Fuller's address, also a copy of the memorial volume on Hen-
dricks, Vice-President. Sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
HONORABLE JOHN SHERMAN,
United States Senate.
COLONEL HAYNES COMMENDED 535
January 1, 1890. -- The New Year opens with one of the worst
possible winter days.
The young people went to Toledo to hear Joe Jefferson. Laura
[Mitchell, who came last Saturday] and I spent the day with
reading the letters of Lucy--chiefly those written during the
time she was at home during the (to her) terrible days of the
war. Every horror of the awful time struck sledge-hammer
blows on her very heart.
I made four calls--on Mrs. Dorr, the Keelers, Mrs. Bristol,
and Mrs. Miller. This was in the rain late in the afternoon.
In the evening read to Laura the gossippy book of M. B. Field
on authors, public men, and the like.
January 2. -- The working hours of the day with Laura over-
hauling letters of Lucy.
January 3. Friday. -- The whole forenoon given to my
correspondents. Wrote in reply to editor of the Century a note
(not to be published) in favor of civil service reform, with my
message to the Senate on the New York custom house and my
note to General Merritt when he was confirmed as collector.
Scott left in the evening to go to Cornell, settle up his matters
there, and return early next week to prepare for business life. I
hope he will be industrious.
January 5. Sunday.--Heard a good old-fashioned sermon by
Presiding Elder Barnes. He gave as precedents the case of
Abraham about to slay Isaac, the Hebrew youths, Meshach,
Shadrach, and Abednego in the fiery furnace, and the miracles
connected with Moses. It sounded strange in view of more
recent thought as to these oriental accounts of the Hebrew
fathers.
We read also "A Hazard of New Fortunes" by Howells. It
promises well.
January 6. Monday. -- To Toledo. Found Mary and Sher-
man very well. A most agreeable afternoon and evening with
them and Birchard. A happy family.
536 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
January 7. Tuesday. -- Went about 11 A. M. to the D. H. &
M. en route for Cincinnati. Met Waggoner who presented the
case of the people against the Natural Gas Company (presumably
the Standard Oil); a vigorous old man who hunts down a
question with thoroughness.
Read in Belford's Magazine Jeff Davis on Andersonville and
his autobiography. It is well to hear both sides. There is an-
other side but in any event bad enough.
Mrs. Brice, wife of the leading Democratic candidate for
Senator, got on the cars at [for] Lima. We had interesting talk
for two hours until we reached Lima. She told me the details
of the failure of J. O. Moss--a miserable business. Let me
bear in mind Mrs. Moss and visit her in Sandusky. She made
Mrs. Hayes very happy in New York by her kind hospitality
last spring. Lucy's last visit to New York was perhaps her best.
Mrs. Brice expressed a desire to have a fine portrait of Mrs.
Hayes; thought I would like to send one to Mrs. Cleveland also.
Reached Burnet House before 6 P. M., and, after supper, a
pleasant call at Harriet's [Mrs. Herron's].
January 8. Wednesday. -- After many days of rain, clear in
Cincinnati. Called on Captain Hunter on [Loyal] Legion matters.
At Aunty Davis' found no one at home. Spent the next few
hours with Mrs. Herron and dined there.
In the evening at the new rooms of the Legion we had our
new yearly ladies' day and a frugal luncheon. The principal
speeches were by A. F. Perry and General J. Warren Keifer.
General Keifer spoke of the Shenandoah Valley in the war.
His two star points were the announcement to the army by
brave old General----of the proclamation of Lincoln abolish-
ing slavery on January 1, 1863--well told--and the victory of
Opequon, September 19, 1864, with my crossing of the slough
as the salient point. The cheering as the point was reached was
very hearty and I was, of course, much gratified and very grate-
ful to General Keifer.
January 9, 1890.--Cincinnati, my old home, is very pleasant
to me--full of sweet recollections of Lucy and others. A mix-
DEVOTION TO CINCINNATI 537
ture of tender and sad with joyful. I told the president of the old
Literary Club that no one part of my education was so useful to
me as the years from 1849 to 1860 in the club; and no honor
more gratifying than to be chosen captain of the club military
company -- the Burnet Rifles -- in May 1861.
Visited, with Aunty Davis, Mrs. Bullock, Mrs. Wilber (gave
them each a portrait), Lucy's teacher in the old Wesleyan Fe-
male College, and called at the Cincinnati Woman's College and
on Mrs. Murray Shipley. Then the rest of the afternoon with
Mrs. Herron.
January 10. Friday.--With Aunty Davis to Delaware. A
happy ride talking over early life -- our early life in Cincinnati.
Mrs. Davis left the train at Delaware. I dined in the dining-
car. Met there Major (?) Guthrie, a Cincinnati member of the
Legion, and an agreeable ride to Cleveland. Drove to Aunty
Austin's. Found that Mrs. Austin was gone to New Jersey.
Miss Avery gave me a hearty kind welcome and [I] spent the
evening and night pleasantly. Webb came to tea. Slightly
stricken, both Miss Avery and Webb, with the wonderful pre-
vailing epidemic, grippe.
January 11. Saturday.--Drove with Webb to Lakeview
Cemetery to look at monuments. None exactly to my wish, but
the following were nearest to my views. . . .
January 14. -- Last evening urgent letters from General Hast-
ings and Emily to visit Bermuda. Can I do it? I will today
accept the invitation to attend [at Philadelphia] the twenty-fifth
anniversary of the Loyal Legion--April 15. I find that is
Tuesday. The steamer leaves New York Thursday, 17th; due at
Bermuda April 20; and returning leaves Bermuda Thursday
May 1, giving me eleven days in Bermuda.
Finished reading Howells' last novel, "Hazard of New For-
tunes." It has a purpose. It shows the inherent defect, the
fatal weakness, of our present social system--a system that
fosters the giant evils of great riches and hopeless poverty.
Crime, vice, wretchedness are the sure results of this system.
538 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
January 16. Wednesday.--I wrote to the President last eve-
ning a personal letter in behalf of General Mitchell as pension
agent at Columbus. This on the advice of Sherman.
Governor Campbell's inaugural on the penal, reformatory,
and benevolent institutions, and touching education and the sol-
diers is very good. He seems to have the sense to know that a
man must see something besides party in his public utterances.
I must write a short address on the aims of the Loyal Legion.
What are they?
1. To promote and preserve the friendships of the war--its
comradeship. This is its social feature.
2. To collect and to perpetuate in permanent form the his-
tory, biography, and literature of the war. This is its historical
aim and feature.
3. To maintain and strengthen the principles and purposes for
which the war was waged by the loyal Union soldiers, viz., union,
liberty, the national authority, supremacy, and sovereignty.
4. To secure as far as we may the well-being and good name
while they live and the everlasting fame and memory after death
of all who faithfully served the good cause in civil life, at home
or abroad, or in the ranks of war, on sea or land, from the hum-
blest sentinels who stood guard around our loyal camps to the
grand victor at Appomattox, and the great Commander-in-Chief
at the head of the column, whose great service and sublime
martyrdom made immortal the name and career of Abraham
Lincoln.
SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO, January 15, 1890.
MY DEAR SENATOR: -- I am obliged for your letter as to the
pension agency, and have written to the President in substance
that this is the one appointment in which I am personally inter-
ested. I am greatly in hope that it will turn out as I wish
Sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
HONORABLE JOHN SHERMAN.
AIMS OF THE LOYAL LEGION 539
SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO, January 15, 1890.
MY DEAR SIR:--It is a gratification to say that all of the
paragraphs in your excellent inaugural on topics in which I am
specially interested are of such a character that I thank you and
congratulate you.
Do not feel called on to reply.
Very sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
GOVERNOR JAMES E. CAMPBELL,
Columbus.
January 16. Thursday.--In the evening with Rutherford,
Scott, and Fanny attended an agreeable small tea party of Mr.
and Mrs. Bristol. With the gentlemen discussed the great prob-
lems, spirit and matter, immortality, the soul, and the great ques-
tion of "nihilism," as I call all opposition to plutocracy.
January 18. Saturday.--[At Cleveland yesterday and last
night.] Called on Mr. John C. Covert at the Leader office.
Found him much interested in the negroes. Told him of the
Mohonk Conference in June and promised him an invitation from
Mr. Albert K. Smiley to attend it.
Called during the day on Captain Kendall of the Legion. Sug-
gested strongly the danger of one black ball in all cases of civilian
candidates.
The meeting of the committee on the Garfield memorial ser-
vice took place in the afternoon at Mr. J. H. Wade's office.
Present, Amos Townsend, chairman, J. H. Rhodes, secretary, Mr.
J. D. Parsons, General James Barnett, and myself.
We decided to dedicate the Garfield Memorial May 30, 1890.
Simple ceremonies -- Cox to deliver the address. General Bar-
nett, marshal, General Myer, his chief of staff. I am to preside.
I must write to General Cox. Also to General Devens and to
Sherman. The two last for the programs of [the dedication of]
Bunker Hill and Washington Monuments.
Delighted to find Laura here after her jaunt to Columbus.
In the evening I aura read third part of the autobio-
graphical sketches of Joseph Jefferson. Very good.
540 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
January 19. Sunday.--With Laura attended church. Mr.
Mills' short and emphatic sermon was to the point that all our
actions should be for the glory of God. Too much of the doc-
trine, "I am willing to be damned for all eternity for the glory
of God," for my unorthodox soul.
January 21. Tuesday. -- Seven months ago today ! Laura is
writing lovely sketches of "Aunt Lu" for her [Lucy's] only
grandson, Sherman Otis Hayes. I do hope the dear boy will live
to enjoy reading them. What a grandmother he has lost he can
never fully realize, but these sketches will come nearer than any-
thing else telling her story.
January 25. -- I cannot help recurring to the blow, the sor-
row -- now accompanied with many very tender and pleasant
recollections -- of this day seven months ago!
Laura has been with us almost the whole month. She leaves
this morning. She has been to us all a comfort and an inspira-
tion. She writes for little Sherman and addressed to him,
beautiful sketches of his grandmother. We shall prize them all
so much.
January 28. Tuesday. -- At 10:30 took train to Chicago from
Toledo. Dined at Elkhart. Met on the train General M. S. Has-
call who lives at Goshen, Indiana, with his handsome young wife.
He spoke warmly of the Hayes Administration and of his staunch
support of it. Was in the same class at West Point with Stan-
ley, Crook, and Sheridan. Stanley far superior intellectually to
either of them; Crook and Sheridan at the foot of the class.
Sheridan was suspended for fighting the sergeant of another
class who had reported him. Was whipped easily by the ser-
geant!
Spoke of Shiloh. When his boat, crowded with his command,
a part of Buell's army, [came alongshore], the fugitives at the
landing at Pittsburg crowded on so as to prevent for a time Has-
call's men from landing. Then [they] went out to the second
day's battle. His idea was that the first day was a complete de-
feat of Grant and Sherman.
Reached Chicago about 7 P. M. Met at the office of the
PROPOSED MEMORIAL OF MRS. HAYES 541
Grand Pacific young Drake and a Cincinnati acquaintance of the
Burnet House.
January 29. Wednesday. Chicago.--Last evening met Wil-
liam Henry and Mrs. Smith with their son. . . . Mr. Leiter
came and sat with us--an intelligent and entertaining gentle-
man, now with a home in Washington.
After a short time we, Smith and I, went to my rooms and
talked over old matters until late. We settled for the present
the biography [of Lucy] as follows: -- Smith will edit a sketch to
be made up from newspaper articles, letters, addresses, and
sketches,--a selection from a collection of all that has been
written and said about her. Laura and I will gather, and Smith
will use and arrange. This to be done, if practicable, next sum-
mer. He is particularly anxious also to make a full and correct
record of our side of the 1876 conflict. He says the Democracy
have had a too exclusive showing of their side of late. He spoke
of the sharp thing which squelched a motion or suggestion of
Cummings, of New York (?), to put a statue of Tilden in the
Capitol with an inscription to the effect, "Nineteenth President
elect, but not inaugurated." Some Western Member inquired:
"Would the gentleman have the inscription in cypher?" That
settled it.
No capitalists after any war were ever so well paid for money
loaned to the nation that carried it on. No class of money-makers
ever gained such prosperity by any other war, as our War for
the Union brought to the money-getters of America. All this
was due in a great measure to the rank and file of the Union
army. Now let no rich man haggle with a needy veteran of
that war about his right to a pension!
January 30. Thursday. Chicago.--At breakfast with Wil-
liam Henry Smith and his promising son, Delavan, at 7 A. M.
Then to the Lake Shore depot and en route home. Soon found
Fuller, the nephew of Mr. and Mrs. [S. F.] White. He was
called from his home at D---- by a dispatch, that his uncle,
Mr. White, was down with paralysis! Mr. White is the leading
business man of the town. He is engaged in a host of enter-
542 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
prises and concerns, large and small. No wonder he breaks
down!
January 31. Friday. -- Called at Mr. White's. His nephew,
Fred Fuller, is with him. He is conscious--not fully aware of
his condition. His mind runs on his business constantly. From
all I hear from Dr. Hilbish and others, I do not think he will
ever again be in a condition to take charge of his affairs.
In the evening heard Colonel Sanford, of Iowa, lecture in our
beautiful little church to a crowded assembly. He called it
"Old Times and New." A humorous account of what he had
seen in extensive travels. The Chinese wall was his wonder of
the world. . . . On the whole a successful lecture; too
much humor, too little solid talk. But with a vein of human
sympathy, and of the duty to be happy and to make others happy
running through it which lifted it above adverse criticism.
February 2, 1890. Sunday.--With Delavan Smith, of Chi-
cago, son of my friend William Henry Smith, [who came last
night] talked over the field of politics. The burning question of
the near future--wealth and poverty--how to limit them
He seems to see all that is now in sight on the subject.
He gave me the pleasant talk of Mr. Pruden, an executive clerk
under several Administrations, about the business habits and
friendly characteristics of those he knew. He spoke of Hayes
as "the best business worker and of his family as the best he had
known."
February 3. Monday.--Letters written as usual. The "Life
of Lincoln," by Hay and Nicolay, finished. The closing pages are
worthy of the subject.
The death of Mr. White is a more serious calamity to the com-
munity and to individuals than was at first realized. He was the
leader in all enterprises. His interest in the property of the town
was so large and so diversified that all benefits to the town helped
him. He was an excellent organizer. All new movements for the
public welfare waited for him.
He aided a host of those who needed help. He took security
for all loans. The methods he adopted often left his beneficia-
DEATH OF S. F. WHITE 543
ries wholly dependent on him. Now that he is gone, they are
fearful of the result! This part of his work was of doubtful
utility. But it seems to deepen the sense of the greatness of his
loss.
February 4. Tuesday. -- The horror of the time is the burn-
ing of the residence in Washington of the Secretary of the Navy,
Mr. Tracy, with his wife and daughter and perhaps himself!
In the afternoon attended the funeral of Mr. White at the
Presbyterian church. Mr. Barnes preached--no, he made a
suitable address. Mr. White objected to a funeral sermon over
his coffin. I was one of the pall-bearers. The others were near
friends of Mr. White in business.
The church was crowded -- perhaps the largest congregation
ever in the church. At Uncle Birchard's funeral the cold weather
prevented many from coming--the sick, feeble, aged,--al-
though the attendance was great.
Mr. Barnes quoted from Mr. White his reasons for feeling
himself unfitted for the ministry. It was not very clear. I re-
call Mr. White saying he lacked the emotional and sympathetic
nature required for success as a clergyman. He was right. Prob-
ably no one ever saw him shed a tear. His eyes never moistened
at others' woes nor at his own.
February 5. Wednesday.--Spent the day with Fred Fuller
and Mrs. White looking after the estate and will of Mr. White.
He left his property to his wife. The witnesses to the will are
Kridler and Haynes. Haynes is a member of the House in
Washington, but will come when wanted to prove the will.
There is a codicil with witnesses -- Wagner, now in California,
and Crum, deceased. This will take time to get Wagner's tes-
timony.
Of course Mrs. White must now make a will. On this she
consults me. Probably she thinks as the money was made in
Fremont a part of the estate should go to the town. She asks
me, For what purpose? In what form? I will tell her today to
leave to trustees for an industrial school enough to put it on a
safe foundation, seventy-five to one hundred thousand dollars.
544 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
To Birchard Library two thousand five hundred dollars;
enough for a portrait of Mr. White and an alcove or collection of
books to be selected by his executors.
Confidential.
SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, February 5, 1890.
MY DEAR SENATOR:--My information from Clyde is that
there is no general preference for any lady, nor any special claim.
Captain Charles L. Dirlam, a gallant soldier in General Buck-
land's Seventy-second Regiment, is a Republican of good repute
--fit for the place, and generally acceptable.
Sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
HONORABLE JOHN SHERMAN.
February 6. Thursday. -- Must wind up if possible Mrs.
White's will. Mrs. White having expressed a strong and appar-
ently final purpose to leave a considerable part of her estate for
the benefit of the town of Fremont, and having requested me to
aid her in selecting the special object to which her bequest should
be devoted, I took the matter under careful consideration. Parks
and library were provided for. She said: "The money having
been made in Fremont, I want Fremont to have the benefit of it."
After sleeping on it and recalling what Mr. White had done--
his offering a resolution in a public meeting endorsing my speech
in behalf of industrial education, and recommending the proper
authorities to introduce it in Fremont, -- I decided to recommend
her to devote what was intended for Fremont to the establishment
and support of an industrial school, to be known as the S. F.
White Industrial School. Accordingly I presented the matter to
her fully. She was at once greatly pleased with the idea, and
adopted it warmly, saying, among other things, that if the con-
dition of the estate would warrant it, she would gladly begin the
work in her lifetime so she could enjoy seeing the good it would
do. She gave to Home and Foreign Missions of her church ten
thousand dollars [and] seven thousand five hundred dollars [re-
spectively]; [to] aged ministers, seven thousand five hundred
DISPOSITION OF WHITE ESTATE 545
dollars, to the church in Fremont two thousand five hundred
dollars, and to Birchard Library one thousand dollars.
The only part of the will I decidedly dissented from, and so
told her, was the bequest of too small a part of the estate to
Fred Fuller and his sister. They had been regarded by Mr. and
Mrs. White as their adopted children--being in fact nephew
and niece of Mrs. White; the public had so thought, and the
young people had grown up with this notion. They ought to
have had a much larger provision by the will. But Mrs. White
was resolute. She "did not believe in giving young people too
much."
February 7. Friday.--Preparing a little fifteen-minute talk
for Lincoln's birthday. Reading also Mark Twain's "Yankee
at the Court of King Arthur."
February 8. Saturday.--Reached Aunty Austin's [Cleve-
land] at 3:30 P. M. All out. Went to the tombstone man, Ca-
rabelli. I like his design. Massive, plain. Will take it home
to show to the family.
February 9. Sunday.--At Cleveland. Spent the day very
delightfully at home reading Mrs. H. B. Stowe's "Life" by her
son, Whittier's "Snow-Bound," etc. Must get Mrs. Stowe's
"Life," and read again "Snow-Bound."
February 10. Monday.--Visited in the morning both
Newton M. Anderson, the excellent teacher of the Normal Train-
ing School, and Mr. John C. Covert, of the Leader. With Mr.
Anderson went over the whole subject of an industrial school in
Fremont. If Mrs. White retains her purpose to begin at once
a training-school, it can be done on a small scale for two thou-
sand five hundred dollars for equipment of tables and tools, five
hundred dollars for power -- and two thousand dollars for teach-
ers the first year. Am encouraged to urge it. With Covert talked
over the Negro Conference at Mohonk. Will write Mr. Smiley
as to further invitations.
At 3:50 with Aunty Austin home on the Lake Shore. An
agreeable ride, with lovely winter weather.
35
546 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
February 12. Wednesday.--White's estate is more compli-
cated than I supposed it would be. It also seems not unlikely
that it will be less in value than was expected. Brinkerhoff and
Mrs. White administer under the will.
In the evening I spoke offhand thirty minutes at the opera
house to a very large audience on Lincoln. The Sons of Veterans
have named it "Union Defender's Day" and propose to observe
the birthday of Lincoln hereafter. My speech was fair--I think,
scattered.
February 14. Friday.--Finished reading Mark Twain's
"Yankee at the Court of King Arthur." Instructive; not equal
to "Prince and Pauper." Sound on the question of wealth and
poverty. No rule, just and wise, except the rule of the whole
people. Our danger is the rule of the few wealthy. These are
the serious points of the book.
February 15. Saturday.--The feeling grows that the White
estate will not be large. So goes, if this is correct, my plan to
give Fremont an industrial school out of it.
February 16. Sunday. -- At church today a prosy sermon
left me free to put into words thoughts we must all have if we
think at all on what we see around us. Abolish plutocracy if you
would abolish poverty. As millionaires increase, pauperism
grows. The more millionaires, the more paupers.
February 18. Tuesday.--Reached Columbus and warmly
welcomed by Laura about 4 P. M. . . . Called on Captain
Cope before dinner, and was posted up in the business of the
meeting of the university board.
February 19. -- Board met about 10 A. M. Agreed on all rou-
tine matters rapidly. A Colonel Williams with a committee of citi-
zens presented their real estate project, viz., an extension of Neil
Avenue through the university grounds.
February 20. Thursday. -- Elected Lieutenant Ogle, son-in-
law of my old friend, Dr. Godfrey, of Ottawa, military instructor.
Afternoon, visited the university. Much and favorably impressed
with the improvements.
MITCHELL FOR PENSION AGENT 547
COLUMBUS, OHIO, February 20, 1890.
MY DEAR SIR:--I am surprised by your letter. Of course
the charge that Mitchell is not a good Republican is trivial. It is
the resort of an adversary, hard up for something to allege
against him. I know about his Republican record. It is as good
as that of any man not prominent as an office-holder or office-
seeker. He is supported by the best Republican soldiers in the
State.
As to the other more serious charge of questionable railroad
transactions, I can say that I never heard of it before, and I do
not believe it has any foundation. He suffered losses in a railroad
affair many years ago by the rascality of another, but this is the
first time he has been charged with it in that connection so far
as I know or believe. May I ask who makes the charge? And
specifically, What is it? Mitchell is now in bed very sick with
erysipelas--too sick to be talked with on the subject. I hear
from the best citizens, well informed on the subject, that no one
they can think of would object to General Mitchell on the ground
referred to except in the interest of some rival applicant. If
I believed the suggestion I would instantly relieve the case by
withdrawing. Please let me hear fully and have action delayed
until General Mitchell is well enough for me to draw his attention
to the case. Can you do so?
Confidentially,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
P. S.--I return home immediately. General Mitchell is too
unwell to be talked to on the subject. Please write me at Fre-
mont. -- H.
SENATOR SHERMAN.
February 24. Monday. -- Signed almost two hundred di-
plomas Loyal Legion. Wrote to Governor Campbell as to the
Garfield dedication May 30. To Cope, offering to resign to give
the university board to the Democrats so as to prevent a reor-
ganization.
548 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
SPIEGEL, February 24, 1890.
MY DEAR MRS. HERRON:--Your letter gives me joy. I find
each of the passages you note marked by me. The trouble, as you
say, is that so many are fine, sensible, wise, that one must call
attention to almost all. I do not see that laughter is to go out
entirely. Perhaps it is because there is a smack of barbarism
--of "Choctaw" -- not yet worked out of me. Christ is not
recorded to have ever laughed. Possibly we have read the pro-
hibition as more complete than Emerson meant it to be. On
page 96 he says: "Beware of jokes; too much temperance cannot
be used; inestimable for sauce but corrupting for food." He
hates screaming laughter--"contemptible squeals of joy," and
who does not? But, with you, I deem Chesterfield as an ex-
ample or authority out of place on a page of Emerson.
It is needless to add to your catalogue of diamonds. But I
will give part of my list: On the first page of the essay (page
79): "Grace is more beautiful than beauty." On page 88-9, be-
ginning "a few times in my life it has happened to me to meet
persons of so good a nature. . . . --persons who could not be
shocked." Here is a page that is all golden, page 90: "It is
very certain that sincere and happy conversation doubles our
powers," etc. [Page] 91: "Woman if not the queen and victor
is the lawgiver," and on for quantity. [Page] 97: "In good con-
versation parties don't speak to the words but to the meanings
of each other." Page 100: "But nature is not poorer today."
Then for a page he describes "an American to be proud of." He
has in mind a rich man of Boston, Mr. John M. Forbes. I know
him. He is a sterling and interesting and effective character. A
shockingly diseased feature disturbs you (his nose) at first, but
you soon forget to notice it in the good sense, good feeling, and
power of the man. But enough of this. The essay is so good I
wish I knew it also by heart. -- Next?
Evidently I brought away the volume I meant to leave with
you, and left you a volume I intended to keep. You should have
the volume entitled "Nature, Addresses and Lectures." Let
Will get it and have it charged to me at Robert Clarke's. That
volume contains the sermons and addresses which show why he
WISDOM OF EMERSON 549
left the pulpit. Suppose we take that volume next beginning
with "Nature."
Yes, indeed, Nellie* will be missed by you. The honor and
recognition of the judge will amply pay the young people [and]
must be gratifying to you and John. -- But for you! -- Such is
this "spere of existence," as Nasby says.
Nothing new with us. . . . I have decided to make a
short trip to Bermuda from April 16 to May 1. Fanny will
probably go with me.
With all regard. Sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
MRS. H. C. HERRON.
SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO, February 24, 1890.
MY DEAR GOVERNOR:--The memorial structure to President
Garfield in Lake View Cemetery at Cleveland will be dedicated
on Memorial Day, May 30. Governor Cox will deliver the ad-
dress. A formal invitation will be sent to you by the proper
committee, and suitable arrangements made for the entertainment
of yourself and your party. The occasion will be notable and
your presence is specially desired by all concerned. I now write
you that you may not make other engagements.
The assemblage will be large and will, of course, expect that
President Harrison and yourself be presented, and to hear you
at such length as you may deem suitable.
All this I intended to say when I called on you last week. I
send you a little pamphlet which will give you some information
about the memorial structure.
Very sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
GOVERNOR JAMES E. CAMPBELL,
Columbus.
February 25. Tuesday. -- Lucy left us eight months ago this
morning. -- Wrote to Mrs. Herron. In the afternoon attended
*Her daughter Helen, wife of William H. Taft, whom President Har-
rison had shortly before appointed Solicitor of the Treasury.
550 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
the funeral of my old friend for forty-five years -- the Lutheran
minister, Rev. Henry Lang D. D. He began his ministry here
in 1843. A great audience. More weeping than I have
noticed at any funeral. Fanny and I listened to the German and
English sermons--both too long. The sketch of his life and
deeds was short and well done.
February 26. Wednesday.--I am asked by a committee of
schoolgirls in Olive Furnace, Lawrence County, Ohio, to rebuke
a namesake, who in a school children's vote was opposed to local-
option prohibition. I reply:--
"Please say to my namesake: 'Always try to have the cour-
age of your convictions, and vote as your judgment and conscience
dictate.'
"On the question of temperance, remember that the only rule
which is absolutely safe is total abstinence. Self-control is 'the
higher law.' "
Read one hundred pages of Mrs. Stowe's "Life" by her son.
Genuis, goodness, sympathy in the midst of sickness and poverty,
and yet with much happiness.
Must get "[The] Minister's Wooing" and "Uncle Tom" in
good print and binding. Among Lucy's favorite books are two
fine copies of "Old Town Folks."
February 27. Thursday. -- Have been reading in Leader and
Herald an article by John C. Kimball on the "Ancient Lowly," a
book by C. Osborn Ward, showing the condition of laborers in
Greece and Rome -- their unions, rebellions, and gain by Chris-
tianity. The progress of society is mainly--is, in its proper
sense, the improvement in the condition of the workingmen of
the world.
March 1, 1890. Saturday.--Reading Ward's "Ancient
Lowly," a fascinating book. How to pronounce Aryan? The
race corresponding to Caucasian--the descendants of Japhet.
The Indo-European, a language including Greek, Latin, Teutonic,
Celt; opposed to Semitic (Jews and Phoenicians).
We have got rid of the fetish of the divine right of kings,
and that slavery is of divine origin and authority. But the di-
vine right of property has taken its place. The tendency plainly
"DIVINE RIGHT OF PROPERTY" 551
is towards a government the exact opposite of the popular
government for which Lincoln lived and died--"a government
of the people, by the people, and for the people"--and instead
of it to set up "a government of the rich, by the rich, and for
the rich."
In the evening attended the lodge (I. O. O. F.). As usual,
Ben Cornelius raised a rumpus with the Chair (Noble Grand),
who was often in the wrong on appeals and the like, but I took
the side of the under dog in the fight and voted consistently, right
or wrong, like a good partisan, to sustain the Noble Grand.
SPIEGEL, March 1, 1890.
MY DEAR AUNTIE DAVIS:--March is coming in like a lion.
The truth you sadly recall, "so many of our contemporaries have
passed away," seems wonderfully true in our narrow home circle
in Fremont -- Mr. White, Rev. Lang, Mrs. Downs, Mrs. Stil-
well, Mrs. Brush -- all very near to Lucy -- gone recently. Sadder
yet, Carrie Little -- Lucy's nearest friend in early schoolgirl
years, and very dear to her always -- has not gone, but, stricken
with paralysis, lingers in great suffering, vainly seeking rest by
a journey to California! Showing us how death itself may be
a consolation and a blessing!
We are moving on as smoothly as possible. The boys are all
good and kind -- a great comfort. Fanny is lovely and lovable.
But the vacancy! It does not grow less!
As to the publication of your address and such additions as
you choose to make--the "In Memoriam" of the Missionary
Society -- I have all the time preferred that it should be done, if
the society wish. The more formal biography to be sold with a
view to profit has not struck me favorably. I will return your
address, etc., and shall be more than glad to see them in print;
will contribute to that end if need be.
My best wishes to the doctor.
Very sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
552 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
P. S.-- I do not object, of course, to the sale of your "In
Memoriam." -- H.
MRS. ELIZA G. DAVIS,
Cincinnati.
March 2, 1890. Sunday.--Church with Fanny A. M. P.M.
reading a novel by Miss Barr, "Remember the Alamo." Chiefly
attractive from its associations. With my chum, Guy M. Bryan,
of Texas, in 1838-42 all this interesting field of the pioneer his-
tory of Texas was often gone over. In 1848-9 I visited Bryan
at his home in Brazoria County, and with him and Uncle Birch-
ard on horseback travelled over southern and southwestern
Texas. We spent several days in San Antonio when it was all
alive with California adventurers from all the South, and was as
gay and full of variety of peoples and attractions as it was in
any of the scenes described by Miss Barr in the novel.
March 4. Tuesday. -- Thirteen years ago the inauguration.
Lucy in the Senate Chamber -- Diplomatic Gallery -- with her
angel face looking down on the scene as the notables gathered to
swear in the Vice-President before proceeding to the east front
of the Capitol. What a picture she and her dear ones! Read
Mrs. Clemmer's description of it all.--The public inauguration
here referred to was on Monday, March 5, 1877.
About I I A. M. on time, took train to Cleveland; arrived
at Aunty Austin's an hour or two after train arrived by reason
of falling in with Comrade James Hayr, Twenty-third. Went
to the studio of the artist of the groups for the soldiers' monu-
ment in the Public Square. A wonderful negro artilleryman and
a gigantic female figure for the summit of the monument.
March 5. Wednesday.--Meeting of board of Western Re-
serve trustees. A trouble on hand with the Medical Department.
Appointed chairman of committee--Mr. L. E-- and Mr. Per-
kins--to confer with medical board.
In evening attended the medical commencement with Mr. H--.
Went over his new hotel, the Hollenden. He complimented my
Administration; clean, honest, pure.
FUNERAL OF PENDLETON 553
March 6. Thursday. -- Met the doctors. An agreeable meet-
ing; rather good disposition manifested; put off final action until
the June meeting.
Afternoon, attended the funeral of Edwin Cowles, the owner
of the Leader--born in 1825. A man of pluck and force. Not
always wise, but his influence good.
March 7. Friday. -- Reached Cincinnati to attend funeral of
Mr. [George H.] Pendleton on urgent invitation of Mayor
Mostry about 11 P. M.
March 10. Monday.--At Columbus in Laura's pleasant
home. Saturday attended obsequies of Mr. Pendleton in Christ
Church, Cincinnati, and at the Music Hall--with a great au-
dience in Music Hall. Mr. I. M. Jordan made a very fine ad-
dress, eulogistic of Mr. Pendleton. He argued fully his Civil Ser-
vice Bill as the great act of his life.
On train to Columbus with General Hall, a soldier of Maine
now at Columbus. Reached here after 9 P. M. General
Mitchell much better. Laura dear (the darling!) [suffering],
with rheumatism.
Sunday talked over the general's case for pension agent. The
papers got up here completely answer the charges made against
the general. They are from the men who know the facts -- men
of character and reputation.
Private.
SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO, March 10 [11], 1890.
MY DEAR SENATOR:--I send you papers herewith which com-
pletely answer the charges against General Mitchell. They do
prove a negative in his behalf.
They are from men who know the facts personally -- men of
high character, widely known, and who enjoy the confidence of
all who know them. The paper referred to I mark Number 1.
I am personally acquainted with three of the gentlemen who
sign it. They are among the best citizens of Columbus, and
speak from the inside. Mr. Jones, the late Democratic postmas-
ter, I do not know, but he is a man of good repute.
554 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
On the general situation, Judge Stewart is the Republican
circuit judge, a citizen of Columbus. His letter is Number 2.
Judge Pugh is the Republican common pleas judge in the sub-
division of Franklin, Pickaway, and Madison. Elected in a
strongly Democratic district by reason of his firmness and in-
tegrity in prosecuting the election frauds of 1885 in his county
of Franklin. I mark his letter Number 3.
General Beatty knows the situation well. You know him. I
mark his letter Number 4.
Mr. Jones, late postmaster, knows all about the affairs of the
company referred to, and I mark his letter Number 5.
General Beatty and I will go on General Mitchell's bond with
other good men. If a list of names are [is] needed, I can fur-
nish you with three-fourths of the Columbus directory.
Sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
HONORABLE JOHN SHERMAN,
Washington.
March 13. Thursday. -- In the evening [yesterday] attended
the revival meeting in our church of Rev. Yatman. The best
and most enjoyable I ever attended. A company of forty or
more converts from the Lima revival came down. He called out a
lawyer, a banker, an oil operator, a travelling [man], and a
county official. Each spoke a few (usually) discreet words on
their joy in a Christian life. The party were excellent singers.
Some delightful and tender hymns were sung. When the bene-
diction had been pronounced the preacher said: "Now, before
you leave shake hands with at least ten persons." I began and
soon the Lima young folks all came and shook hands with me;
also a host of others.
Evening at G. A. R. and later looked in on the church crowded
with "the male persuasion" only! -- Maria Herron, a fine girl,
[here for a few days]. I have enjoyed her visit specially.
ENDORSEMENT OF MITCHELL 555
FREMONT, OHIO, March 14, 1890.
During the Antietam campaign I served in the same corps
with Colonel Cutts, and have sufficient information of his ser-
vice throughout the war to be well assured that it was of de-
cided merit. I am confident that he deserves the relief that Con-
gress is asked to afford, and I sincerely trust it will be granted.
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
[Unaddressed.]
SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO, March 15, 1890.
DEAR SIR:--I have no recollection of the facts spread before
me in the case of Captain C. H. Campbell in 1881.
Assuming, however, that the facts are correctly stated in the
letter of General H. I. Hunt, a copy of which is before me, dated
"Soldiers' Home, Washington, D. C., June 14, 1888," I am satis-
fied that such relief as can now be granted without injustice to
others would be altogether proper and that I concur with the
opinion on the case expressed by General Hunt.
Sincerely,
GENERAL CHARLES E. HOOKER, RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
Washington, D. C.
SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO, March 15, 1890.
MY DEAR SIR:--Your note of the 13th is before me. I merely
meant by marking my letter "Private" that it was for you per-
sonally, but not for the files. I am entirely willing it should be
shown to the President, and all of my letters on the subject. I
would only add that the letter on the loan association signed by
five gentlemen, is from the board of directors of the company--
three of whom I know well to be of integrity and intelligence
of the most trustworthy sort, and all of whom I believe to be so.
Fairly considered, it is a complete refutation of the rumor in
reference to the matter. The case seems to me ample, but if not
I can reenforce it to any extent. With thanks.
Very sincerely,
HONORABLE JOHN SHERMAN. RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
556 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
March 15. Saturday.--Attended the funeral of our old
friend Theodore Clapp. An able man, a constant reader in his
rheumatic suffering, opposed strongly to orthodoxy, a spiritualist.
His death announced without black lines of mourning: "Passed
to the spirit life" in his seventy-second year. Mr. Barnes, the
Presbyterian clergyman, officiated in his usual felicitous way.
March 16. Sunday. -- Read Lowell's "Commemoration Ode,"
the parable of Christ's return to earth, and "Democracy" (prose).
Lowell's ode in honor of the returning Union soldiers of Har-
vard is, I suspect, the greatest American poem.
March 18. Tuesday. -- Began to read [Charles] Dudley War-
ner's fine new novel, "A Little Journey in the World." Sensible,
sound, and charming. Curiously enough, it adds another to the
list of "nihilistic" novels--to the "Hazard of New Fortunes,"
by Howells, "A Yankee at King Arthur's Court," by Mark Twain,
etc., etc. Of course, I mean no disparagement by the word "ni-
hilistic." I use it to mean all opinions tending to show the wrong
and evils of the money-piling tendency of our country, which is
changing laws, government, and morals and giving all power to
the rich and bringing in pauperism and its attendant crimes and
wretchedness like a flood. Lincoln was for a government of the
people. The new tendency is "a government of the rich, by the
rich, and for the rich." The man who sees this and is opposed
to it, I call a "nihilist."
March 19, 1890. -- Attended funeral of Blackburn, comrade of
G. A. R., who died at his post of heart disease. Watchman at
our railroad crossing as we go to town. "Faithful found," "died
at his post," said Father Manning. I marched in the snow with
the comrades from the hall to his dwelling and back to the church
by the side of a tall negro -- the comrade who bears the colors.
Read Dudley Warner's fine new novel to the end. Some good
epigrammatic and other sentences.
SPIEGEL, March 20, 1890.
MY DEAR WEBB:--All of our family anniversaries come to me
now with a tinge of sadness. We have not forgotten yours. I
DEATH OF GENERAL CROOK 557
tried to think of something to get and send you, but I failed to hit
upon the book or the article. So be good and get yourself some-
thing or other worth twenty or twenty-five dollars and look at
it and enjoy it as a gift from your lonely, sorrow-stricken father.
Pardon this. I will be cheerful when I meet you.
Be good--conscientiously good. Do not let your bachelor
ways crystallize so that you can't soften them away when you
come to have a wife and family of your own.
With all good wishes.
Affectionately,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
WEBB C. HAYES,
Cleveland.
March 21. Friday.-- Nine months ago today!
I have just heard (12:30 P. M.) of the death at Chicago of
my dear friend and best beloved commander, General George
Crook. I have no particulars. When I visited my friend Wil-
liam Henry Smith, at Chicago, in the winter, I saw much of
General Crook and was much with him. He did not seem to be
in good health. But he was so hardy and strong, so full of cour-
age and spirit, that it made no impression on me. How the sol-
diers loved him! The Thirty-sixth Ohio! the Army of West
Virginia! -- indeed, all who knew him well! Without pretension,
plain, simple, warm-hearted, kind. Fond of the young. Faithful
in his friendship; appreciating the volunteer soldier; with an
Indian's patience, endurance, and sagacity. Believed in by the
Indians--they trusted him.
Webb came this evening and will go with me to Chicago. I
am requested to act as pall-bearer. Funeral 1:30 P. M., Sunday.
Interment at Oakland, Maryland.
March 22. Saturday.--Webb goes with me to Chicago.
Maria Herron, after a pleasant visit, for me specially, goes home
to Cincinnati, leaving here on same train.
March 24. Monday. 7 P. M. -- Just returned from the fu-
neral of my beloved commander, George Crook, at Chicago. Beau-
558 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
tiful and appreciative discourses by Rev. [David] Swing, and
Rev. [Simon J.] McPherson, and impressive and tender cere-
monies.
General Crook was written to by his brother, elected captain
of his company, to know how he could learn to command it well.
The reply was an apothegm--a gem:--"Learn to command
yourself and you will find no trouble in commanding your com-
pany."
March 25. Tuesday. -- Nine months ago this morning! Her
picture by Sarony is such a satisfaction. I send this morning one
to Mrs. Crook at Oakland.
Dr. Holmes says he has lived to see come in to help our civil-
ization:--1. Railroads, 2. Ocean steamers, 3. Photography,
4. Spectroscope, 5. Telegraph, 6. Telephone, 7. Phonograph,
8. Electric light, 9. Electric motor, 10. Anaesthetics. Also,
sewing machines, mowers and reapers, bicycle.
Engaged on correspondence. Signed three hundred and five
diplomas of Loyal Legion, and called on Janette [Keeler] to see
our Fitch cousins, "Minnie" and "Bob," the children of mis-
sionaries to China, now going to the university at Wooster.
March 26. Wednesday. -- This morning, in addition to nec-
essary correspondence, I have finished my short speech for the
Loyal Legion celebration of their twenty-fifth anniversary at
Philadelphia. It is ready for the printer.
This afternoon I have begun to put in a scrap-book all I find
in the newspapers about General Crook. He was my nearest and
best friend of all [the] commanders under whom I have served
in the field. A man of wonderful character and gifts. No
seeker after popularity, he was loved by all sorts and conditions
of men. Sherman says, you could rely on him. Even the savages
believed in him. With all of the essential and usual virtues of
the soldier, he had modesty, sincerity, tenderness, absolute in-
tegrity, and veracity. With all of these qualities he was shrewd,
cunning, and could "keek through every other man," as Burns
says, "with sharpened, sly inspection." He wears the double
wreath--the soldier's and the humanitarian's. A Wellington
and a Howard united in one head and heart.
GENERAL CROOK'S CHARACTER 559
In the volume containing Mr. Evarts' address and the pro-
ceedings at the dedication of the Seward Monument, at Au-
burn, New York, a letter of Leonard Swett is given in which he
says Mr. Seward said, "he was not fairly dealt by in not being
permitted to die with Lincoln"! His work was done and he was
entitled to be discharged with his chief.
March 27. Thursday. -- Correspondence. Reading up the
congressional proceedings, etc., in the last two weeks. The Blair
Bill [for National aid to education] lost by bad management.
My friend Thomas Tooker made paymaster-general in the navy.
Captain Reed, postmaster at Fairmont.
The Administration does not make appointments hastily. Great
care taken by President. Not always happy in the way of doing
it. A lack of tact, perhaps, but conscientious and judicious.
March 28. Friday. -- Evening read the [Crook] funeral talks
of Rev. Dr. Swing and Rev. Dr. McPherson at Chicago. Very
fitting and beautiful. Also read Emerson's "History." Many ob-
scure passages; good, notwithstanding.
March 29. Saturday.--This morning wrote to one of the
sons of Cousin Charlotte DeWitt the following:--
FREMONT, March 29, 1890.
MY DEAR COUSIN:--I have your letter of the 23rd as to "a
position in the New York office or in Washington."
Those places are under the civil service law, which is now, I
believe, strictly enforced. Mere "influence" is of no avail. The
places are not made vacant to afford room for anybody, and are
filled when vacancies occur upon competitive examinations ac-
cording to merit. But in addition, if I may venture to advise
you, you are better off, more independent, and with a better out-
look anywhere in private business than in the government ser-
vice. I am out of the range of information as to the details of
the situation in private employment, but I give you the same ad-
vice I have given to my own sons and which all four of them
are acting upon. None of them have ever sought places in the
public service and are all earning their living in ordinary business
pursuits. Please think of my notions. They are the result of a
560 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
pretty wide observation, with good opportunity to reach a cor-
rect conclusion.
Very sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
When I was in Washington I often heard of my "amiable ob-
stinacy." I now find in Emerson's "Self-Reliance" the phrase,
"good-humored inflexibility."
March 30. Sunday.--Webb came last evening on his return
from Chicago after his journey with the body of General Crook
to the place of interment at Oakland in Maryland. The place
he reports as very forlorn, but the accessories were agreeable
and Mrs. Crook behaved admirably. It now seems almost certain
that the final resting-place of the general's remains will be at
Arlington.
When Crook was promoted from lieutenant-colonel to briga-
dier-general in the regular army, he was in the mountains of Ari-
zona, fighting Apaches. He did not return and hear the news
until long after it was known to his wife and friends at head-
quarters. When she and others told him and congratulated him,
he said: "I can't feel glad to get promotion by the death of so
good a friend and so good a man as General Canby." After-
wards when he was made major-general, perhaps ten or twelve
years afterwards, he said: "This comes as a matter of course, and
I enjoy it more than I did my appointment as brigadier-general,
for that came by the death of General Canby, one of the best of
men."
March 31, 1890.--Our young cousins from China, Robert and
Minnie Fitch, have come to America to be educated at Wooster
for missionaries. Their parents are now in that work in China.
These are third cousins. My best reflection is that a life spent in
duty must be well spent. Whose sense of duty is to determine?
Live according to your own conscience.
April 1, 1890. Tuesday.--Laura, darling, born forty-eight
years ago this day! Another anniversary observed by a letter,
or somehow, almost fifty years. This is the first for almost forty
years without Lucy! Will write to Laura at once. . . .
GENERAL CROOK'S CHARACTER 561
Called with Fanny on the Bristols. Mr. Bristol has just re-
turned from Florida. . . . He does not blame people for being
Democrats in the South. Otherwise they are on a level with the
degraded negroes! A shallow view of duty, but it is so natural
that it must be considered.
April 3. Thursday. -- I read with much satisfaction in the
Toledo Commercial that General Mitchell was yesterday nomi-
nated for pension agent at Columbus. A long and awkward con-
test, but "all's well that ends well."
April 5. Cleveland, 891 Prospect Street.--After breakfast
called on Honorable Amos Townsend, now the active man as sec-
retary of the Garfield Memorial Association. He seems to have
the affair well in hand. . . . In the afternoon Mr. Townsend
called with a carriage, with Colonel McAllister and General
Myer, and we drove to the monument to select the [site for the]
placing of the stand.
Major Bottsford called here and remained to dinner. He gave
me a paper written from Crook's dictation by Kennon on the
battles in the Valley.
April 6. At church with Fanny--Easter Sunday.
Called on General Buckland to congratulate him on "Shiloh
Day." "Twenty-eight years ago at about this hour we were in
very bad shape; things looked squally for us." He is much broken
and tremulous but his intellect is sound and clear, and his spirit
and courage perfect. His good conduct on that critical day is
now a joy to him and fills his declining years with honor.
Lieutenant Kennon and I went over my old diaries and papers
of the war. He is likely to be the biographer of Crook and will,
I think, do his work well.
In the evening I finished the novel on the "Penal Colonies of
Great Britain"--a powerful book.
April 8, 1890. -- Correspondence. Begin to prepare for ab-
sence from home for three or four weeks.
General Mitchell confirmed. All comments seem to be friendly.
His splendid military record is given in full.
36
562 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
FREMONT, OHIO, April 8, 1890.
MY DEAR SENATOR:--I am very much gratified by the ap-
pointment and confirmation of General Mitchell. You have done,
I know, all you could properly, and I thank you for it.
I feel like thanking the President also, but hardly know whether
it is the thing to do. He has done it as a duty not as a favor, etc.
Sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
P. S. -- I go to Philadelphia for the 15th and 16th; thence to
Bermuda with Fanny for two weeks and return. -- H.
HONORABLE JOHN SHERMAN.
April 9. Wednesday.--This is the wedding day of Mary
Bristol to Meade G. Thraves. We are more intimate with the
Bristols than with any other family here. Mrs. Bristol was the
support and comfort of Lucy, especially in all of her home mis-
sion work. Her friends upon whom she leaned were Mrs. Bris-
tol, Mrs. Miller (Aunt Nancy), Mrs. Dorr, and, last but not
least, Lucy Keeler, "our dear cousin." Near to Fanny also--in-
deed to us all.
Private.
FREMONT, OHIO, April 9, 1890.
DEAR SIR AND COMRADE:--Your second letter is before me.
Your first letter was a good one. Your second is hasty and bad-
tempered. You go off at a half-cock.
What you want is natural, and for all that I know, proper.
You use hard words. Did you ever know men of your name to
yield to abuse?
Sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
BRICE HAYS,
Columbus.
GENERAL MITCHELL CONFIRMED 563
Private.
FREMONT, OHIO, April 10, 1890.
SIR:--It is represented that in a recent number of the Spring-
field Republican you tried to give circulation to a malicious fling
at me, which is untrue in all its parts. You attribute it to Emory
Storrs, now deceased. You also connect with it the name of Mrs.
Hayes, who died recently.
If this is true, you will, on reflection, think as I do, that it was
neither decent nor manly.
Sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
HONORABLE PATRICK A. COLLINS,
Boston.
Private.
FREMONT, OHIO, April 10, 1890.
Leaving home tomorrow to be absent a month, I find in my
mail this morning an unsigned letter with a printed caption as
per the address of this. It puts a question which is in fact no
question at all.
Nineteen-twentieths of the successful business men of Cleve-
land have got on very well without a college education. Such an
education is not "necessary" for a business man. It may in some
cases be practicable and advisable.
Sincerely,
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
[Copy unaddressed.]
April 13, 1890. . . . Read about Shakespeare's play of
"Cymbeline." The origin of the Hayes family given. Imogene,
the finest of the women of Shakespeare, is nearer my darling
Lucy than any other character in fiction or history. With beauty
and position, she is unspoiled and--well, the ideal woman.
Philadelphia, April 14. -- Reached Pittsburgh [Fanny and I]
about 8 A. M. -- Our Chicago friends were ahead of us and left
Pittsburgh just before we entered the depot! We were invited
into the car of the Michigan Commandery and wore their badge.
564 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES
An agreeable party. General Witherington, of the Seventeenth
Michigan Infantry, and many other friends, ladies, married and
young, made it an entertaining trip.
Met at Philadelphia about 7 P. M. by General Merrill and
others of the committee. Reached our comfortable quarters at
the Aldine promptly. There met Corbin and Kate.
April 15. Tuesday.--The Commandery-in-Chief met at the
Historical Library. A happy meeting and greeting! We decided
that under the amended constitution all of the young fellows,
members by inheritance, were, in badge, etc., etc., second class.
Webb and Rutherford thoughtlessly grumbled. It hurt me aw-
fully . . . and spoiled the next few hours for me. My
hard-headed boys, to act so!