Ohio History Journal

OHIO

OHIO

Archaeological and Historical

PUBLICATIONS

Volume VI.

COLUMBUS:

PUBLISHED IN 1898 FOR THE SOCIETY

JOHN L. TRAUGER.

PREFATORY NOTE

PREFATORY NOTE.

1885 the Ohio State Archaeological and Histor-

ical Society began the publication of its docu-

ments in the form of a Quarterly. These were

issued at irregular intervals, however, until suf-

ficient material had accumulated to produce three

volumes. In 1896 the Society published, at one

issue, a fourth volume and the fifth appeared in August, 1897.

The Society has thus produced five volumes, averaging four

hundred pages to the volume, of material concerning the his-

tory, archaeology and biography of the State. These volumes

are of the utmost value and interest, containing articles, essays

and papers by leading authorities-most of which material was

prepared solely for the Society and which does not exist and

cannot be obtained outside the works of the Society. The

demand for these publications has been so great that the Society

has issued second editions of the first three volumes and a third

issue will soon have to be made. These books are in constant

demand, not only by similar societies and by leading libraries

throughout the United States, but by the governments and

great society libraries of the old world. Each member of the

Society and, by proper courtesy, each member of the Ohio Leg-

islature is entitled, without cost, to these publications as they

are issued by the Society.

In the fall of 1897 the Society decided to renew its pub-

lications in Quarterly form, and in January, 1898, the first Quar-

terly of the new series was issued, comprising the first ninety-

four pages of this volume (VI). In June another issue in Quar-

terly form was made, including the remainder of this volume

(pages 95 to 441). This last issue in June was regarded as the

Quarterlies (Nos. 2 and 3) for April and July, 1898. It was

thought advisable to make one issue for these two dates, as the

material provided was sufficient for the two numbers and of

such form that it could not well be divided into separate Quar-

terlies. This volume (VI), therefore, herewith issued, com-

prises the Quarterlies for January, April and July, 1898. Vol-

ume VII will begin with the October, 1898, Quarterly.

The contents of this volume speak for themselves. The

most extensive original contribution to this volume is an article,

entitled "The Pathfinders of Jefferson County," written by Mr.

W. H. Hunter, editor of the Steubenville Gazette, and one of the

most diligent and painstaking students of Ohio history. Mr.

Hunter is, moreover, a clear and vigorous writer. This article

is followed by a full account of the Centennial Anniversary of

Jefferson County, celebrated at Steubenville, in August (24-26)

1897. Credit for gathering the data for this article and the

putting of these data in proper historical form is also due to

Mr. Hunter. The work done by Mr. Hunter was done con

amore and was entered upon at the earnest request of the Sec-

retary of the Society. Certainly the task accomplished by Mr.

Hunter could not have been done in a more faithful, accurate,

scholarly or interesting manner. The Society is deeply indebted

to Mr. Hunter for his most valuable services.

The formal report by the Secretary of the proceedings at

the annual meeting of the Society, held February 24, 1898,

closes Volume VI.

E. O. RANDALL, Secretary.

COLUMBUS, OHIO, JUNE 1, 1898.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

PAGE

Colonel William Crawford. By JAMES H. ANDERSON .............. 1

The History of Popular Education on the Western Reserve. By B.

A. HINSDALE ........ . ... . .................. ......... 35

Franklinton-An Historical Address. By GENERAL JOHN BEATTY. 59

The Ohio Indians. By COL. E. L. TAYLOR ...................... 72

The Pathfinders of Jefferson County. By W. H. HUNTER ........ 95

The Centennial of Jefferson County. Compiled by W. H. HUNTER 314

Stanton Day-Ohio Men and Ideas. By PROF. W. H. VENABLE, LL. D. 318

Edwin M. Stanton. By GEN. DANIEL SICKLES ................... 330

A Tribute to Stanton. By HON. J. H. TRAINER ................... 336

Pioneer Day. Addresses by HON. J. J. GILL, JOHN M. COOK, ESQ.,

HON. WEBSTER DAVIS ......................................... 344

Military Day. Address by GEN. S. H. HURST ..................... 370

Addenda to the Pathfinders of Jefferson County .................. 384

Thirteenth Annual Report of the Society to the Governor. By E. O.

RANDALL, Secretary ................... ..................... 407

Addresses Before the Ohio State Archaeological Society-

GENERAL BRINKERHOFF....................................... 430

PROFESSOR WRIGHT ........................ .................. 433

PROFESSOR ORTON ........................................ 448

PRESIDENT CANFIELD ................................... .455

Articles of Incorporation

Articles of Incorporation. ix

Articles of Incorporation.

MARCH 13, 1885.

The undersigned citizens of Ohio, having associated themselves to-

gether, and desiring to form a corporation not for profit, under the laws

of the said State of Ohio, do hereby subscribe and acknowledge the fol-

lowing articles of incorporation:

1. The name of such corporation shall be The Ohio State Archaeological

and Historical Society.

2. Said corporation shall be located and its principal business trans-

acted at the City of Columbus, County of Franklin, and State of Ohio.

3. Said Society is formed for the purpose of promoting a knowl-

edge of Archaeology and History, especially of Ohio, by establishing and

maintaining a library of books, manuscripts, maps, charts, etc., properly

pertaining thereto; a museum of prehistoric relics and natural or other

curiosities or specimens of art or nature promotive of the objects of the

Association - said library and museum to be open to the public on rea-

sonable terms--and by courses of lectures and publication of books,

papers and documents touching the subjects so specified, with power

to receive and hold gifts and devises of real and personal estate for the

benefit of such Society, and generally to exercise all the powers legally

and properly pertaining thereto.

4. Said Society has no capital stock.

The Articles of Incorporation were signed by twenty-eight persons.

ILLUSTRATIONS

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Col. William Crawford .......................... . Frontispiece

Gen. George Washington .... .. ....... ..........Facing page 4

The Earl of Dunmore .......... ... .................. " " 7

Maj. Gen. Arthur St.Clair . ... .................. 7

Gen. Geo. Rogers Clark........................ " " 11

Gen. William Irvine ................ .................. " " 17

Battle Island-Crawford's Battle Ground ........ " " 19

Maj. A. S. DePeyster ........... .............. " " 20

Simon Girty ............ ... .. ... . ..... ......... " " 23

Baron De Rosenthal ................... ........ . " " 25

The Burning of Crawford at the Stake ......... " " 31

Crawford's Monument ............ ................ 33

Lucas Sullivant. ..................... ............ . " 61

Harrison's Headquarters . ........................... . " 72

Thos. Jefferson-- Baron Steuben... ....... . ...... " " 95

Rev. H. C. McCook, D. D ......... .. ......... " " 109

Fort Steuben ............ .... ..... ............... " " 189

Maj. Ekurius Beatty .......... ............. " " 191

Bezaleel Wells. ................ .............. " " 210

James Ross ................... . ......... " " 211

James Hunter ................. ...... .......... " " 217

Col. John Miller ............. ......... ... " " 270

Ezekiel C. Hawkins ...... ..................... " " 300

Martha Latimer McCook ........ ................ " 305

Fort Steuben Restored by C. P. Filson............... " " 315

E. M. Stanton .............. ....... .............. ... ... " " 329

HISTORY

OF THE

Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society.

During the year 1875, an archeological society was formed at General

Brinkerhoff's home, in Mansfield, Ohio. This society, through the efforts

of General Brinkerhoff, received an appropriation from the State of Ohio

of two thousand five hundred dollars, to be expended in making an

exhibit at the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia. Prof. John T.

Short, of the Ohio State University, was secretary of the society, and

it flourished under his secretaryship until his untimely death, when the

society became dormant and practically inoperative. Governor Hoadley,

who took an active interest in all matters pertaining to the archaeology

and history of the State, upon his accession to office conferred with

Mr. A. A. Graham and suggested a revival of the old society. A meet-

ing for the purpose of carrying into effect this suggestion was called

to convene at the Secretary of State's office, on the twelfth day of Feb-

ruary, 1885. A number of prominent gentlemen, including leading citi-

zens, scholars and professors from various parts of the State, responded

to this call, and decided to extend to all persons in the State interested

in the formation of such a society, an invitation to meet on the twelfth

day of March following, at Columbus, Ohio. In response to the cir-

culars sent out, some sixty gentlemen from all parts of Ohio, represent-

ing the various departments of scholarship, convened on the day specified

in the Library Room of the State Capitol. The meeting having been

called to order by Hon. S. S. Rickly, the Hon. Allen G. Thurman was

made President, and Mr. A. A. Graham elected Secretary. This con-

vention continued in session for two days and resulted in perfecting an

organization known as The Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society,

which was duly incorporated on the 13th day of March, 1885. The Articles

of Incorporation succinctly set forth the purposes and aims of the Society.

The following have served as Presidents of the Society since its

organization: Allen G. Thurman, Francis C. Sessions, Rutherford B.

Hayes and Roeliff Brinkerhoff.

For thirteen years the Society has faithfully pursued the lines of study

and investigation for which it was organized, and has held regular annual

meetings at Columbus. In that time it has accumulated a valuable col-

lection of relics and antiquities, now consisting of over 20,000 specimens,

mostly archaeological in character, but embracing also many papers and

viii Ohio Arch

viii Ohio Arch. and His. Society Publications.

articles of historical value. This collection has been catalogued and ar-

ranged in cases, and now occupies suitable quarters in the Museum of

Orton Hall at the Ohio State University. The library of the Society,

which numbers many volumes of considerable value is being constantly

augmented by exchanges and otherwise, occupies an alcove in the library

of the Ohio State Library.

ARCHAEOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT.

Particularly is the Society strong in archaeological research. No State

in the Union is so rich in archaeological resources, consisting of mounds,

forts, graves and monuments of prehistoric periods.

This department of the Society, until recently under the direction of

Prof. Warren K. Moorehead, is now in charge of Dr. Clarence Loveberry,

who is also curator of Ohio State University Museum.

The Society is the custodian of Fort Ancient, the largest, best pre-

served and most interesting remains of its character now extant. Models

of this fort are in some of the leading museums of Europe, and it is

often visited and studied by distinguished scholars, not only of other

states but of foreign countries.

The Society, through a corps of explorers, is doing splendid and

valuable work in examining and making permanent record of the innum-

erable points of archaeological interest in the State. An archaeological

map is being prepared, which will designate the location of all important

mounds, monuments, graves, etc., within Ohio. It is estimated that these

places of interest number no less than fifteen thousand.

Contents of Volumes Issued

Contents of Volumes Issued.

CONTENTS OF VOL. I.

Aboriginal History of Butler County, Ohio. J. P. MacLean.

Ancient Earthwork near Oxford, Ohio. R. W. McFarland.

Archaeological Exhibit for the Ohio Centennial. M. C. Read.

Archaeological Directory of Ohio. A. A. Graham.

Archaeological, Historical and Pioneer Collections in Ohio.

Archaeology in Ohio, Importance of the Study. G. F. Wright.

Archaeology in Ohio, The Relation of the Glacial Period to. G. F. Wright.

Beginning of the Colonial System of the United States, The. I. W.

Andrews.

Bibliography of the Earthworks of Ohio. Mrs. Cyrus Thomas.

Blennerhassett. E. O. Randall.

Chase, Salmon P. N. S. Townshend.

Curtis, Henry B. A. R. McIntire.

Earthworks, The Proper Method of Exploring.

Earthworks of Franklin County, Ohio. P. M. Wetmore.

First Circumnavigation of the Earth. B. A. Hinsdale.

Fort Hill, Ohio. W. A. Overman.

Gallagher, William Davis. W. H. Venable.

Historical, Pioneer, and other such societies in Ohio.

Legislation in the Northwest Territory. A. A. Graham.

Letter from a Pioneer Author to a Pioneer Editor.

Literary Periodicals of the Ohio Valley. W. H. Venable.

Mounds and Earthworks of Ohio, Report on the Present Condition of.

G. F. Wright.

Ohio Company, Services of, in Defending the United States Frontier

from Invasion. W. P. Cutler.

Ordinance of 1787, The. W. P. Cutler.

Origin of the Ohio Company.

Pioneer Days in Central Ohio. Henry B. Curtis.

Pre-glacial Man in Ohio. G. F. Wright.

Pyramids and Buried Cities in the Land of the Montezumas. Fannie

B. Ward.

Serpent Mound Saved, The. F. W. Putnam.

Some Early Travelers and Annalists of the Ohio Valley. W. H. Venable.

The Society and the Quarterly. Geo. W. Knight.

The Society: Constitution and By-Laws of; History and Prospects of:

Contents of Volumes Issued

Contents of Volumes Issued. xi

Members of; Notes; Proceedings of, 1885, 1886, 1887; Reports for

the year 1887-8.

Western Land Policy of the British Government from 1763 to 1775. B. A.

Hinsdale.

Maps and Illustrations.

CONTENTS OF VOL. II.

Aboriginal Implements, Manufacture and Use of. Gerard Fowke.

Addresses: of Gov. J. B. Foraker, Rev. A. L. Chapin, Rev. Edward Ever-

ett Hale, Hon. R. B. Hayes, Rev. Henry M. Storrs, Rev. Joseph

Tuttle.

Andrews, Israel Ward, D. D., LL. D. W. P. Cutler.

Building of the State. Joseph Cox.

Centennial Celebration at Marietta, April 7, 1888.

Communications relating to same.

Department of History and Archaeology in the Ohio Centennial at Colum-

bus, September 4 to October 19, 1888.

Discovery, Right of. B. A. Hinsdale.

Documents, Preservation of -Unpublished Letters from 1775-1782. A.

A. Graham.

Documentary History of Ohio. A. A. Graham.

Down South Before the War. W. H. Venable.

First Church Organization in Marietta. Rev. C. E. Dickinson.

Gallagher, William Davis (concluded). W. H. Venable.

German Pioneers. Bernard Peters.

Gray, John, Washington's Last Soldier, Poem. Private Dalzell.

Historic Travels, 1840-1847, Recollections of. Henry Howe.

Hoar, Hon. George F., Oration of.

Loring, Hon. George B., Letters of.

Memorial Structure at Marietta.

Monarchists and Jacobins, A Familiar Talk About. William Henry Smith.

Mound Opening, Detailed Account of. W. K. Moorehead.

Nullification in Ohio. Daniel J. Ryan.

Ohio Boundary, or the Erie War. L. G. Addison.

Popular Errors Regarding Mound Builders and Indians. Gerard Fowke

Relic Department of the Centennial Celebration at Marietta.

Remarks: of Rev. W. B. Arnett, Rev. Edward Everett Hale, Hon. Samuel

F. Hunt, Rev. I. N. Sturtevant.

Republican Party in Ohio, Early History of. Henry B. Carrington.

The Society: Annual Meetings of, Third and Fourth; Addresses of

Prest. F. C. Sessions; Book Notices; Editorial Notes; Rooms of.

Triumph of Liberty, Poem. R. K. Shaw.

Tucker, Hon. Randolph, Oration of.

Western Land Cessions, Important Documents Relating to.

Western Reserve, Sale of. B. A. Hinsdale.

xii Ohio

xii Ohio. Arch. and His. Society Publications.

Whipple, Commodore Abraham. David Fisher.

Why is Ohio called the "Buckeye" State? Wm. M. Farrar.

Nineteen Illustrations.

CONTENTS OF VOL. III.

Bradbury, Horace R., Address of.

Campbell, Governor James E., Address of.

Burnham, Major John, and His Company. E. C. Dawes.

Centennial Anniversary at Gallipolis.

Century and Its Lessons, The. Dr. N. J. Morrison.

Divine Workmanship, Rejoicing in, Sermon. Rev. George W. Lasher,

D. D.

Educational Lessons of this Hour. Rev. H. A. Thompson.

Fort Ancient, Description of. Warren K. Moorehead.

French Settlement and Settlers of Gallipolis. John L. Vance.

Judiciary, Laws and Bar of Ohio. David K. Watson.

Jones, J. V., Address of.

Marshall, R. D., Address of.

Methodist Success, Philosophy of, Sermon. Rev. David H. Moore, D. D.

Methodism in Gallipolis, History of. Rev. P. A. Baker.

Migrations and their Lessons, Sermon. Rev. Washington Gladden.

Military Posts, Forts and Battlefields in Ohio. A. A. Graham.

Moravian Massacre, The. Wm. M. Farrar.

Muskingum Valley, Pioneer Physicians of. Dr. E. C. Brush.

Ohio, Description of, in 1788.

Presbyterians of Ohio, Sermon. Rev. S. F. Scovil.

Remember the Days of Old, Sermon. Rev. John Moncure.

Relic Room, Gallipolis, Articles in.

Rio Grande College, History of. Rev. J. M. Davis.

Scioto Company and its Purchase, The. Daniel J. Ryan.

The Society: Annual Meetings, Proceedings of Fifth and Sixth: Act of

Incorporation of; Synopsis of By-Laws of; Trustees, Officers and

Members of; Reports of Officers of; Trustees of, Meeting.

Eighteen Maps and Illustrations.

CONTENTS OF VOL. IV.

The Beginning of the Ohio Company and the Scioto Purchase. Major

E. C. Dawes.

An Early Abolition Colony and Its Founder. A. A. Graham.

The Underground Railroad in Ohio. Prof. W. H. Siebert.

Boundary Line Between Ohio and Virginia. Introductory.

Argument Concerning Boundary Line Between Ohio and Virginia.

Samuel F. Vinton.

Contents of Volumes Issued

Contents of Volumes Issued. xiii

Boundary Line Between Ohio and Indiana, and Between Ohio and Mich-

igan. Special reports of Dr. T. C. Mendenhall and A. A. Graham.

The Ohio-Michigan Boundary Line Dispute. T. B. Galloway.

Samuel Finley Vinton. Madeleine Vinton Dahlgren.

Samuel Galloway. Washington Gladden.

Leo Lesquereux. Dr. Edward Orton.

Francis Charles Sessions. Washington Gladden.

Henry Howe, the Historian. Joseph P. Smith.

Rutherford Birchard Hayes. Washington Gladden.

A Description of Fort Ancient. Warren King Moorehead.

The Society: Minutes of the Seventh, Ninth and Tenth Annual Meetings

of; Annual Reports of; Roll of Honorary and Life Members of;

Sketches of Life Members of.

Maps and illustrations.

CONTENTS OF VOL. V.

1. From Charter to Constitution. Being a collection of Public Docu-

ments pertaining to the Territory of the Northwest and the State of

Ohio, from the Charters of James I., to and including the First Consti-

tution of Ohio, and the State Papers relating to its admission into the

Union, showing thereby the Historical Chain of Title of said State

from 1606 to 1803. D. J. Ryan.

2. Work of the Society for the year 1896 in Archaeological Research and

Exploration. W. K. Moorehead.

3. Report of Proceedings of Society for 1895 and 1896. E. O. Randall.

4. The Evolution of Ohio Counties. J. F. Laning.

Six maps and forty-nine illustrations.