|
A CIVIL WAR DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE
edited by DEAN H. KELLER |
Albion W. Tourgee's Civil War diary, which covers a period of six months in 1863, is an important document in the author's biography and in the literature of the Civil War. It reveals Tourgee in many lights -- from the thoughtful, loving husband to the stern, high-minded Unionist, and from the dedicated military man to the impatient individualist. All of these traits were present to some extent in Tourgee's character, and evidence of them may be seen throughout his varied and colorful career.1 Tourgee was a careful observer, and in his diary he presents a vivid picture of army life. His descriptions of engagements in which he took part are incisive, and his comments on their larger importance are always interest- ing. It is probable that Tourgee relied on the diary for some details that he incorporated in the history of his regiment, the One Hundred and Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry.2 Thus we have in this diary a personal revelation of an extraordinary character who later became famous and a vivid first-hand account of events of some historical importance. Tourgee was born in Williamsfield, Ohio, in 1838. Nine years later his family moved to a farm near Kingsville, Ohio, and there he received his
NOTES ARE ON PAGES 146-148 |
100 OHIO HISTORY
education at the Kingsville Academy.
After a short stint as a schoolteacher
in the Kingsville area, Tourgee, in
1859, entered the University of
Rochester. Here he remained until
January 1861, at which time he
accepted a position as associate
principal of a school in Wilson, New
York. No doubt he intended to return to
the university, but the Civil
War intervened.
On April 19, 1861, Tourgee enlisted as a
private in the Twenty-Seventh
New York Volunteer Infantry. The
regiment was engaged in the battle
of Bull Run in July 1861, and following
the battle Tourgee received a
severe injury to his spine, from which
he never fully recovered. He was
in a critical condition for some time,
but by August he was well enough
to travel. He had been discharged from
the army, so he returned to
Kingsville for rest and convalescence.
He spent much of this time, until
1862, reading law at the firm of Sherman
and Farmer in nearby Ashtabula,
Ohio.3
But Tourgee was not content to remain at
home while the fate of the
Union was being decided. His injury was
healing satisfactorily, and he
began to speak at recruiting rallies in
the spring of 1862. On July 11,
1862, he was enrolled as a first
lieutenant in Company G of a new unit
that was being formed in northeastern
Ohio, the One Hundred and Fifth
Ohio Volunteer Infantry.4 The
unit was activated on August 21 at Camp
Taylor, near Cleveland, and moved
immediately to Kentucky, where it
was engaged in one minor action before
the battle of Perryville on October
8. At this battle Tourgee was wounded,5
and did not rejoin his regiment
until December.
Early in his service with the One
Hundred and Fifth O.V.I. there
occurred an incident that made a deep
impression on Tourgee and stirred
in him a sympathy for the Negro that
never abated. In 1881 he reported
it in this manner: "I remember that
as late as September 1862, I was
myself put under arrest in the army of
the United States, for refusing to
surrender a colored man who had saved my
company."6 This is all that
is known of this incident, but in 1896
in his regimental history Tourgee
described a similar event involving the
commanding officer of the One
Hundred and Fifth O.V.I.7 These
accounts may indeed be of the same
incident, embellished in one instance or
the other according to Tourgee's
needs, but they made an unmistakable
impression which we shall see
grow in the diary and which later became
a driving force in Tourgee's
life.
Shortly after Tourgee rejoined his
regiment in December 1862, he
was captured by Morgan's Raiders while
on a foraging expedition. He
was held in several Confederate prisons
before he was exchanged on
May 8, 1863.8 He returned home
immediately and on May 14 he married
Emma Kilbourne, a former classmate at
the Kingsville Academy. A few
brief days were all that Tourgee and his
wife had together at this time,
for on May 25 he left once more for the
war.
Tourgee began his diary on the day of
his wedding, and he kept a
fairly complete and regular account of
events up to November 10, 1863,
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 101
shortly before he resigned from the army
on December 6, 1863. The
diary suggests that Tourgee was a
conscientious officer, dedicated to the
Union cause, yet often irritated by the
routine of army life and distressed
by what he considered the incompetence
and pettiness of some of his
superior officers. His whole character
rebelled at taking orders, and he
refused to be intimidated by anyone. These
traits led to such incidents
as the refusal to give up the Negro who
saved his company, discussed
above, the defense of Captain Byron W.
Canfield, threats to resign his
commission, his request for a transfer
to a Negro regiment, and his
court-martial, all of which are reported
in the diary. Since the traits of
character so clearly displayed in the
diary are to some degree evident
throughout Tourgee's career, it may be
well to sketch briefly the events
of his life after he left the army.
After the Civil War, Tourgee and his
wife decided to move to the South,
where he went into the nursery business.
Tourgee's health, after the injury
at Bull Run and the aggravation of it in
1863, was not good, and, among
other motives, he believed that a
climate milder than that of northeastern
Ohio would be beneficial to him. On
October 14, 1865, Tourgee and his wife
moved to Greensboro, North Carolina, and
there he embarked on a career
that he most certainly had hardly anticipated.
The nursery business that he engaged in
failed soon after, as did all
of Tourgee's business ventures, but he
was already involved in local
politics. During his residence in North
Carolina, Tourgee was a delegate
to the constitutional convention of
1868, a member of the code commission,
a judge of the superior court of the
seventh district, and a pension agent.
His independence, impetuosity, quick
temper, and outspokenness in sup-
port of Negro rights offended most of
his neighbors, especially the
members of the Ku Klux Klan, and, for
his safety and the safety of his
family, he eventually felt compelled to
leave the South.
Tourgee was not the typical carpetbagger
interested only in what he
could get out of the South. He came to
North Carolina with $5,000,9 which
he invested in the nursery business, and
he later formed the North Carolina
Handle Company.10 As a judge,
Tourgee was much maligned, but in
retrospect many of those who opposed him
acknowledged that he was
"always well informed, attentive,
patient, and impartial."11 His legal
writings at this time were also of great
value.12 Tourgee proved to be
competent and observant, with a
tenacious spirit, all traits observable in
the diary. He stood uncompromisingly for
the rights of the Negro, and
he could not alter this stand in order
to live in southern society.
In 1879 he moved North, eventually
establishing a home in Mayville,
New York, on the shore of Lake
Chautauqua. While in the South, Tourgee
had had some experience as a writer for
local newspapers, and in 1874 he
had published, under a pseudonym, the
novel Toinette.13 He concluded
that he might be able to make his living
as a writer, and this belief was
confirmed in 1879, when he published the
sensational novel, A Fool's
Errand, in which he described his experiences in the South. In
the same
year he produced an autobiographical
novel, Figs and Thistles, in which
102 OHIO HISTORY
he described much of his early life and
his experiences in the Civil War.
Tourgee's literary career was launched,
and he pursued it avidly for the
remainder of his life.
Except for short residences in Denver
and New York and a somewhat
longer one in Philadelphia, where he
owned and edited the magazine Our
Continent (1882-84), he lived in Mayville. He made many lecture
tours
and traveled to Chicago and New York
often for business purposes. He
continued to write novels, short
stories, poems, political articles and
books, and columns for the Chicago Inter
Ocean. Perhaps the most import-
ant of his novels are Bricks Without
Straw (1880), another novel dealing
with the Reconstruction period; Black
Ice and Button's Inn (both 1887),
regional novels, set in western New
York, with romantic overtones;
Pactolus Prime (1890), concerning the Negro question; Murvale
Eastman
(1890), a study of Christian Socialism;
and Out of the Sunset Sea (1893),
an historical novel based on Columbus.
His nonfiction includes The Invisible
Empire, which was added to the
1880 edition of A Fool's Errand and
presents the documents on which the
novel was based. A Man of Destiny (1885)
and The Veteran and His Pipe
(1886) are collections of Tourgee's
columns in the Inter Ocean; Letters to
a King (1888) is a series of essays on good citizenship; and An
Appeal to
Caesar (1884) presents his plan for federal aid to education
and was
written at the request of President
Garfield.
Tourgee's earning power as a writer
declined steadily after his great
success with A Fool's Errand. The
failure of Our Continent wiped out his
early savings, and he was forced to make
extensive lecture tours at the
expense of his already poor health. He
finally sought a political appoint-
ment, and in 1897 President McKinley
sent him to Bordeaux, France,
as United States consul. Tourgee and his
wife sailed on July 3, and they
were joined later in France by their
daughter Aimee. Tourgee attended
to his duties as consul and did a little
writing, but his health steadily
deteriorated, and he died in Bordeaux on
May 21, 1905.
Tourgee's Civil War diary is the
property of the Chautauqua County
Historical Society and is housed in the
society's museum in Westfield,
New York. The great bulk of Tourgee's
letters and manuscripts are the
property of the society and the diary is
an important part of this collec-
tion.14 The diary itself is a
small leather-bound volume with a dated page
for each day of the year 1863. All of it
is presented here, with illegible parts
so marked. The only change made in
Tourgee's writing worth noting,
has been to convert most of his dashes
into periods or commas for the
sake of easier readability.
Thursday, May 14, 1863. Married at Columbus, Ohio, by the Rev. Julius
E. Gram[m]er at the Med[ical] Coll[ege]
buildings.
Returned to our lodgings in the U.S.
Hotel to take life quietly and
happily. It ought to be happy for it is
the consummation of five years of
pleasant waiting and sweet expectation.
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 103
Saturday, May 16, 1863. Was paid today from Aug 5th to Oct 31, $312.00.
Sunday, May 17, 1863. Attended church at the 1st Episcopal, Rector J. E.
Gram[m]er. Emma, Westcott15 and
self.
Monday, May 18, 1863. Returned home. Stopped at Ashtabula. Saw Nora,
Anna, and all my friends almost. Went
down to K[ingsville] and spoke
at a meeting there. Everybody was out
and the house was crowded. Went
to Conneaut at night.
Tuesday, May 19, 1863. Went to see Heywood16 and other friends in
Con-
neaut, then to Springfield
[Pennsylvania]. It was sad to meet with those
who had suffered such afflictions since
we last met. It did not seem home-
like there without Sarah Gould's
pleasant presence.
Daniel's people were sad enough. My
heart bled for them. At evening
we went over to see Jane and then, by
Ridgeville, home.
Wednesday, May 20, 1863. Went to Ashtabula to get likenesses taken [word
illegible]. Some friends at home, and
staid till afternoon there.
Staid that night at Anna's.
Thursday, May 21, 1863. Had likenesses taken this morning. Went to
Conneaut to speak. Had an overflowing
house. Broke down and staid at
Heywood's over night.
Friday, May 22, 1863. At home--Emma's--during the day and at father's18
at evening at a party. Pleasant time
indeed with old friends.
Saturday, May 23, 1863. At Conneaut during the day. Went to Ashtabula
at night to speak. Saw Capt. Bowers.19
He was much rejoiced to see me.
Sunday, May 24, 1863. Went home and staid there. Had a few hours quiet,
the first we have had since we left
Columbus.
Monday, May 25, 1863. Today I left home for the war again. Father, Emma,
and Rosetta20 came to the
depot with me. Dear Emma, how I do love her.
It seems that words have no power of
expressing the feeling which I have
towards her. How different is our
situation from what it was before at
any of our partings. How brave she is. I
know her heart was bleeding as
she felt my arms about her, perhaps for the
last time, as she returned
my embrace, and kissed the lips which
would quiver at the prospect before
us, yet I saw no tear in her calm deep
eye, only holy trust. God bless my
noble wife.
Tuesday, May 26, 1863. Cincinnati. Passed the night upon the road and
arrived here just at daybreak. We stop
at the Burnet house.21 I have been
running around the city all day, thus
far. In looking for Mart[in] Luce
I met Sage and Mundy of our old boarding
house in Rochester.22 I was
very glad to see them indeed and they
seemed happy at the occurrence also.
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 105
At 1 P.M. we started down the river on
the boat Good Luck. The passage
to Louisville is not what I expected but
is nevertheless very fine. I had
sweet dreams of my Love while we were
floating lazily down the river.
Wednesday, May 27, 1863. Louisville, Ky. Reed. $426 pay today. Expressed
$340 to Father at once. Wrote to Nina
this evening, also began a letter
to Emma.
Bought Revolver, Blouse, Rub[ber]
Blanket, Pipe, Tobacco, &c.
Weather very sultry with two or three
showers during the afternoon.
Attended theater in evening. Saw one
fine character well acted, -- Phil, in
"Old Phils Birthday." I do
love scenic representations if they are anything
like decently executed. How strongly my
love for my wife Emma comes
surging through my thought tonight. How
great happiness the change of
relations has conferred.
Thursday, May 28, 1863. Louisville. Started for Nashville at 7 A.M. Cars
so crowded that we could not get seats.
Nothing occurred worthy of note
during the journey. We arrived at
Nashville about 6 P.M. Stopped at
St. Cloud.23 Met Lieut.
Butler now a clerk in a government office here.
We went to the New Theatre in the
evening and saw the "Seven Sisters"24
played by the regular performers. A low worthless thing
it is too. There
is no such thing as a plan in it. The
performance was mere claptrap, [a]
money-catching concern. I don't know but
Emma will scold me for going
to the theater instead of writing to her at once that I
was not gobbled.25
Friday, May 29, 1863. I expected to stay in Nashville today but as the
other boys desired to go on at once I
would not part company. I managed to
get a pass before the cars left and paid
my own transportation. We
arrived at Murfreesboro about 10 A.M. We found a wagon
from the regt.
at the depot which took our baggage
right to camp. On the way out I
stopped at Maj. Herrick's Quarters and saw Joe.26 He is
not looking so
well as I hoped to find him. He must
leave the army at once. We found
the men and line officers very glad
indeed to meet us and had a very
pleasant afternoon. There are some
things here which make my heart
bleed. Poor Cushing!27 Faithful martyr!
Wrote to Emma today.
Saturday, May 30, 1863. Did not report for duty today but remained in
quarters writing letters &c. I found quite a
package of letters awaiting
me on my arrival. Among them was one
from Coon28 written since my
release. I thought I was through getting
letters signed "votre fiancee"
but was mistaken.29 The line
officers held a meeting and appointed a
committee to draft a letter to Capt.
Canfield to express their sympathy
and their respect for him as a man and a
friend.30 There was great
cordiality and good feeling among the
officers, better than ever before.
Saw Col. Hall31 last night
[and] was not well treated by him. Was ordered
to make out a report of all
circumstances connected with my capture.32
Sunday, May 31, 1863. Have made out the report which was ordered and
handed it to the Col. He found no great
fault with it, but seemed much
better satisfied than I expected he
would be with it. The officers are going
106 OHIO HISTORY
to serenade the Major33
tonight. The letter has been signed by all the
officers present and shown to Col.
Tolles34 by Capt. Spalding.35
12 P.M. The devil to pay! Col. Hall has
heard of our intentions, has
demanded the letter, has heard it read
and declared that a copy of the same
placed on the table of Gen. Rosecrans36
would dismiss every one who
signed it in disgrace. We can't see it.
He threatens us furiously and will
dismiss us all. Let him try it. I am
ready.
Monday, June 1, 1863. Early this morning Hall sent an order to Capt.
Spalding to bring the letter to
Headquarters. S[paulding] obeyed. Hall
ordered him to give it to him. [Spaulding]
refused because he would
not compromise his fellow officers.
S[paulding] was put in arrest and
confined to his quarters for
disobedience of orders. He gave the paper to
Lt. Wallace37 secy. of
meeting. Hall learned that Wallace had it and
ordered him to give it up. W[allace]
refused to obey. Was sent to his tent
with a guard which searched his quarters
and got the paper. This outrage
is too much. Every line officer will
resign.
Tuesday, June 2, 1863. Am on guard today. It seems funny to be on guard
instead of under it. Eleven
officers have resigned, myself among them.38
We have sent word to Hall that if he
does not release S[paulding] and
W[allace] from arrest and return the
paper now in his possession. [sic].
He says he will see us all in Hell
first. The remainder of the officers are
preparing resignations.
Evening. The Col. has backed down and
accepted our terms. Spalding
and Wallace are to be released from
arrest and the letter returned. By
concerted action we have conquered our
tyrant. Our resignations are
handed back.
Wednesday, June 3, 1863. Am terribly sleepy from being on guard last
night. All is quiet in camp now. The
excitement of the past two days has
died away now that Hall has backed down.
The non-coms were terribly
disappointed! Have been out on drill.
Stood it first rate. Wrote to Emma.
Wrote J. Sill about Hazeltine's39 Box in
Louisville.
Thursday, June 4, 1863. Capt. Crowell,40 Lt. Morgaridge4l and a great
share of the regiment are out on picket.
I am in command of what is left
of the Co. I am just about as good as
sick. Afflicted with Army Scourge.
Firing in front, a battle in progress,
it is said. Everything packed for
a move. Have written to Father, Emma,
Tuttle,42 Lizzie.43 8 P.M. Firing
still heavy. Expect to be called up for
fight. Well, if "Brothers if we meet
on earth no more" &c.[sic].
Friday, June 5, 1863. Am on the sick list today. Well I expected it and
"something more" as the baron
of King John's time said. If I escape after
the many sudden and violent changes of
habit, food and climate, which
the past few weeks have witnessed
without a very severe illness I shall
be amazed.
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 107
Nothing done or to do today. The feint
in our front has not as we
expected developed into a general
engagement. It will come ere long and
terrible will be its force.
Saturday, June 6, 1863. Am getting no better very fast. Getting my
ration [?] of the Scourge I guess.
It is somewhat strange that I do not
hear from Emma. Dear One, I
suppose she has no idea how anxiously I
am waiting for one. I really
believe the thought makes me as near
homesick as I ever was, or ever
expect to be. How dear she is to me. It
is strange I am not always a
rhapsodist. Well, well, I ought not to
complain if Heaven does give me
quite a large share of the ills of life,
for surely I am more blessed than
others. I am rich in poverty. Thank God
for my wife.
Sunday, June 7, 1863. Sunday in Camp. Joe is visiting me and we are
having quite a cosy chat. We have been
over to a meeting of the "Cullud
population" of the Brigade. [three
words illegible]. I have [never?] heard
worse things than I have listened to
there today.44
A letter at last! As I expected quiet,
matter of course and I guess rather
hurried. Not very Honey-moonish, hardly
loverlike. Just friendly with
a stroke of wifeliness. She will write
again soon, when she is in a meditative
mood. Oh! Lord. House cleaning! Don't
know when she will [word illegible]
meditation.
Monday, June 8, 1863. In same condition as yesterday. Had a funny little
rencontre with the Col. for not being
present when detailed as off[icer]
of guard. All a mistake of the
Surgeon's.
Answered E[mma']s letter, and Mirabile
dictu wrote to Angie.45 And
such a letter, it would make a cat laugh!
Tuesday, June 9, 1863. The Scourge is better and I am on duty today.
Evening. Have been on Brigade drill. How
terribly my bones ache. I
think I shall have a fever before I get
over this transition. Tomorrow I
must command the Company. Somehow I hate
to command now terribly.
God keep my dear one. May her heart be
quiet as the guarded camp in
its slumber.
Wednesday, June 10, 1863. On duty today and made various laughable
blunders on drill. It is marvellous how
rusty one gets in a short time in drill.
The weather is very pleasant. Capt.
Off[icer] of Day.
Thursday, June 11, 1863. Officer of Guard today and have had quite an
adventure. Was put under arrest at 8 oc
P.M. for what I did not know.
Found out that it was on account of
charges preferred against me by
Maj. Scobley on account of my preventing
some of his regt, 68th Ind[iana],
from marching through the line of stacks
[of weapons] in front of the
Guard quarters. It seems one man was
pricked by the point of my sword,
and I am accused of wounding him.46
108 OHIO HISTORY
I am to be tried by C[ourt] M[artial] I
hear. Well I'll get a good night's
sleep instead of Guard Duty.
Friday, June 12, 1863. Still under arrest. Of course I have to stay in or
near my quarters but am not confined. I
read, write and sleep, besides
playing Cribbage some. I don't care how
soon the trial comes off. I'll see
if a man has a right to march his men
through my quarters. Wrote to
Emma.
Saturday, June 13, 1863. Yet under arrest, and with no news of the pro-
ceedings on my case.
P.M. Capt. -- who is in the General C[ourt] M[artial] says he has
seen the charges against me. It is
termed "Conduct prejudicial to good
order and Military Discipline."
I wait a copy with just a little
anxiety.
Sunday, June 14, 1863. As before. No Court today so my case will probably
come off tomorrow or day after. Have
just been writing to father.
Monday, June 15, 1863. Today I addressed a note to the Major requesting
that I might be allowed the freedom of
the regtal [regimental] lines for
the purpose of consulting and procuring
witnesses. Also I asked that when
my trial came Capt. Spalding might be
excused from duty to act as my
counsel. My requests were granted.
Tuesday, June 16, 1863. Today I got a copy of the charges against me.
The charge is conduct to the prejudice
of good order and mil[itary]
discipline. It is a very weak document
or I am mistaken. We will see how
affairs turn. The case is set for
tomorrow.
Wednesday, June 17, 1863. I expected to be tried today but was not. Tomor-
row will witness that memorable event.
The boys at the Guard House
swear to even more than I expected. I
read "Nicolas Nicholby" [sic] eat,
sleep, smoke and play cribbage. It's
grand fun this being under arrest
in this hot weather.
Thursday, June 18, 1863. About 9:30 I was summoned to the Court. A
grave assemblage truly, and very capable
of administering justice. Well,
the prosecution did not make out as
strong a case as I supposed they
would. I did the best that I could and
will leave the result to luck. Before
a civil tribunal the evidence would not
have been sufficient to condemn a
louse to loss of rations.47 Got
three letters today. 2 from E[mma].
Friday, June 19, 1863. Am still enjoying easy times in my quarters. Don't
know, except by intimation, the sentence of the Court.
Suppose it will be
out in a few days in general orders.
There has been a copy of a letter
which was in the Cleveland Leader
circulating around the camp. 'Twill
raise a breeze. I have written a full
account of my trial in the book which
I used to have in the Univ[ersity of
Rochester].48
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 109
Saturday, June 20, 1863. As heretofore. Jolly times these. Lt. Rooney49 of
the 11th Ohio was over here to see me
today. There are a great many friends
near here whom I would visit if I could
leave camp. I think strongly of
going into a negro regt. Anything to get
out of this. Another letter from
Emma, also one from Libbie W.50
Sunday, June 21, 1863. A letter from Johnny Clague[?]. I am glad to hear
that the little hero has got home safe
and sound. He thinks of marrying
too, he says. I wonder if it is that
long inammorata [sic] of his? Happiness
to him. Wrote to J. T. Clague[?], Emma,
Nora, Libbie, Dr. Webster.51
Monday, June 22, 1863. Another day of supineness and inaction. One good
thing. I have a good opportunity to
become acclimated. I am much better
in health than when first placed under
arrest. No letter today. I have an
idea of offering my name for a position
in a negro regt. I know there is
little hope of any mercy being shown any
one who may be in any way
connected with the colored troops but
why not play with large stakes as
well as small ones? I know I owe a duty
to Emma but a little more danger
cannot make much difference. Besides,
anything rather than this.
Tuesday, June 23, 1863. Capt. Crowell and I sent in our requests to the
War Dept for appointments in negro regts
this morning. We may or I
may regret the step but hope not. It is
certainly the place for men who
would serve the country best and at the
same time save valuable lives.52
No letters today either.
Wednesday, June 24, 1863. This morning at 2 o'clock we were awakened
for a march. We had been expecting to go
for some time, but the orders
came only yesterday late in the
afternoon. We were ready however, and
found that it was a general movement. We
went on the Manchester pike,
our division in advance. Just as we were
going into bivouac for the night
Wilder's Brigade,53 which was in
advance, became engaged near Beech
Grove and were driven back through the
gap. As the pursuit seemed to
be very brisk we were ordered up to
support them and hold the position. We
were under arms all night, though the
firing ceased about 9 oc. It was a
terrible night. There was a constant
rain and the hard march of the day
left us in bad condition for a rainy
night, especially as few of us had any
blankets.
I am yet under arrest though it was
promised that I should be released
today.
Thursday, June 25, 1863. This morning the battle opened early despite
the rain.54 There has yet (4 P.M.) been only
some pretty lively skirmishing
and some pretty earnest artillery practice. We hold the
main position and
are backed by the regular Brigade. Two of the 75th
Ind[iana] have been
wounded, none of ours. The shot have
been flying over us all day and it
seems wonderful that so few of us have been hurt. Thank
God for his
goodness. [several lines illegible].
Friday, June 26, 1863. 6 A. M. There have been a few guns fired this
morning and some little skirmishing. It is a very strong position which we are before. We must dislodge them today I suppose. The weather is cloudy and murky. We are having rain every few hours. We were relieved from picket or at least advance duty last night, after 36 hours of constant and arduous duty. About 7 oc we changed our bivouac being formed on a hill on the east side of the pike. About 10:30 we were sent forward. The troops on the right were sharply engaged. McCook could be heard at work away at the S[outh] W[est]. We were deployed into our place on the extreme left. Co[mpanie]s "A" and "G" were sent forward as skirmishers. We were the left of the entire line. Although under arrest, Capt Crowell insisted on my taking command of the Co. He had both Cos. We had a sharp skirmish for an hour or so. No one hurt on our side.
Saturday, June 27, 1863. Encamped last night about 10 miles beyond Beech Grove where we had the skirmish yesterday. We had no more resistance. Had a hard march. We broke camp about 9 oc this morning, being rear guard of the Div. Train. We reached Manchester [Tennessee] about 12 M. Our advance had been in possession since early morning. There was no |
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 111
enemy found here and our cavalry went
within 4 miles of Tullahoma.
Manchester looks more pleasant and
cheerful than when I passed through
it last winter. I must try to send a
letter to Emma by some returning
ambulance as soon as possible.*
Sunday, June 28, 1863. We camped last night just on the northwestern
outskirts of Manchester. Today we remain
at the same position. It is
Sunday and of course the thought of
every soldier is at home. What
would we not give for a few hours there.
I especially have reason to desire
even to hear from home. I was
accordingly not a little disappointed when
today there came a mail and no letter
for me. It is marvellous too. Emma
must have written before the 24th and
there were several of that date.
Remained in camp all day. Sent back our
extra baggage to Murfreesboro
last night. Wrote to Emma.
Monday, June 29, 1863. Manchester, Tenn. There is a report that the
enemy have evacuated Tullahoma and are
retreating to the south of the
Tenn. river. If it be true we have a
long march before us which must be
performed in double quick.
About 11 A.M. We broke camp and marched down
the R.R. track towards
Tullahoma. It rained constantly after
starting. We made six or seven miles
over very heavy road, and then
bivouacked in the woods, all in a heap. There
was skirmishing along the front
yesterday, and a few shots were fired by
our batteries. The [railroad] cars were
heard running all night.
Tuesday, June 30, 1863. Dawn came quietly this morning though we rather
expected to have a rough awakening. Many
expect a battle today. I don't
know whether to look for one or not. I
expect to have heavy skirmishing
at least. It seems to me that the place
can hardly be tenable or even
defensible after we have been allowed to
make the movements and prep-
arations of the last week. It is said
that the enemy are busy throwing up
earthworks at Tull[ahoma]. We may fight
there. I gave Joe a letter for
Emma as he may have an opportunity for
sending it before I can.
Wednesday, July 1, 1863. On the march near Elk River Tenn. Under arms
at 9 A.M. and moved a short distance to
the rear to clear the road for
other regts and also to get a better
bivouac. Two regts of the brigade were
sent forward on a reconnaisance. About
noon we started on towards
Tullahoma. Other regts had been before
us, so we met no resistance. We
came into T[ullahoma] about 5 P.M. There was no
fighting at all. All the
works were abandoned and some of the
seige [sic] guns were even left
unspiked. Thousands of tents were left
standing or just rolled up and
carried a mile of two. Wilder is in
after them, trying to catch a wagon
or a mule.
Thursday, July 2, 1863. On march near Elk River. We left T[ullahoma]
* At this point Tourgee went back to the
blank pages in the front of the diary and
there made his entries for the next six
days, from June 28 through July 3. He also
made entries for July 2 and 3 in their regular places
in the diary. The latter appear
below following the entries made in the
forward part. They are set off by light rules.
-- EDITOR.
112 OHIO HISTORY
early this morning for the front, in
pursuit of Bragg.55 It is now nearly
3 P.M. We have followed the [road] way
at a leisurely gait not having
got more than 7 or 8 miles during the
day. We are in hearing of a sharp
cannonading which is going on at the
crossing of the Elk. I suppose
Crittenden's Corps56 and perhaps part of
ours, as only our Div, sent to
T[ullahoma], are there. [sic]. We
left the pike and crossed the Elk near the
junction of one of its branches, near
Allisona [Tennessee]. Marched about
10 miles. Our pickets were within 1/2
mile of those of Crittenden's Corps
on the left.
We left Tullahoma early this morning to
go to the front in pursuit of
Bragg. It is now nearly 3 P.M. We have
advanced very leisurely on account
of the difficulty of getting the
Artillery and trains along over these heavy
roads. We are now in hearing of a sharp
cannonading which is going on
near the crossing of the Elk. I suppose
Crittenden's and perhaps a part
of our corps is there as one Div of ours
went into Tullahoma. We turned
to the left from the pike and struck the
Elk at the ford three or four miles
above the bridge at the junction of one
of its northern branches. Our
pickets were within 1/2 mile of
Crittenden's. It has been excessively hot
today.
Friday, July 3, 1863. Broke camp on Elk River about 8 oc A.M. Went back
to where we left the pike yesterday.
Stopped here at 11:30 and have been
here about half an hour. It has been
raining all the morning. It is [now]
much pleasanter.
11:30 A.M. Broke camp on the Elk River
near the junction of its northern
branch, about 8 oc this A.M. We marched
back along the road we passed
over yesterday P.M. until we
struck the pike again. After staying here
about two hours we marched on to the
bridge across the Elk which was
built by Gen. Buell last year. The
wagons came up at night and I wrote
to Emma and A. L. [?] Foster who [word
illegible] written to me in rela-
tion to my meeting with P. Hornebaugh
[?]. It rained furiously all the
early part of the day.
Saturday, July 4, 1863. In camp near Elk River, 4 P.M. We crossed
the
Elk this morning. The "Rebs"
burned the bridge though fortunately for
us, the center span, reaching across the
stream proper, was almost entirely
uninjured. Our Infantry crosses here
easily, the teams and Artillery cross
below at a ford. We have marched but a
short distance today, and are to
wait here until tomorrow for the teams
to cross and come up. How differ-
ently I have passed this fete de joie
from the same one of last year. Dear
Sister Anna, I would give much to see
her today. Now I am on the very
ground which 48 hours ago was red with
blood. The ground is cut and
torn up with the conflict.57
Sunday, July 5, 1863. Old Rosey [Rosecrans] keeps the Sabbath whenever
he can do so. We therefore lay still
today. Our train has come up and pork
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 113
and hard tack are plenty once more. We
got a mail today but nothing for me.
Well no wonder, for Emma has gone on a
spree, and cannot stop to write
to me. She is a regular war widow I
find. I do hope the darling is happy.
I have written to her, father, and Anna
and [word illegible] today.
Monday, July 6, 1863. We marched a mile or so to the southward today
and made our camp upon a pleasant
elevated spot upon the left of the
road leading from Manchester to
Winchester [Tennessee]. It is possible
that we shall stay here several days at
least, perhaps some weeks. On our
left is the northern spur of the
Southern Cumberland Mts. We are three
miles from Decherd [Tennessee] and 6 or
7 miles from Winchester.
Tuesday, July 7, 1863. As anticipated we are lying in the same position
as yesterday. Today the report has come
of a victory on the Potomac.
Meade has whipped Lee. A National Salute
was fired this evening in honor
of the event.58 There is good news from
Vicksburg too but not official yet.
Everyone is busy at Muster rolls and
Returns just now. I do nothing and
have a grand time of it.
Wednesday, July 8, 1863. Another National Salute this morning. Vicksburg
is taken! 20,000 prisoners! &c.
&c. Truly these are days of rejoicing!
Our flag is triumphant everywhere. God
grant it may continue. A few
more such successes and Rebellion will
be a forgotten thing. Its new banner
has not yet known success. Heaven grant
it never may.
Thursday, July 9, 1863. Still quiet. The camps have been regularly laid out
and we are likely to stay here some time
[word illegible]. The enemy
have retreated beyond the Tenn. [River]
and have burned the bridge at
Bridgeport [Alabama]. [half page
illegible].
Friday, July 10, 1863. There are lots of blackberries about the camp and
the men are allowed to go out and pick
them every day. They make our
rations relish [sic] a heap
better. I went out today with [name illegible],
Capt. Spalding's cook. We went toward
Winchester, got about 16 qts.
of berries. Afterwards I went to Decherd
where [two words illegible] is
encamped and saw Lt. Hall, 11th
Mich[igan], an old prison chum.
Saturday, July 11, 1863. We received information of the death of Col.
Hall.59 He was left sick at
M[urfreesboro, Tennessee] when we started out
and the brigade has been under command
of Col. Robinson60 of the 75th
Ind[iana] Vols. Hall died last night as
we were informed by telegraph.
Col. Tolles is at home sick, and it is
not probable that he will ever enter
the service again.
Sunday, July 12, 1863. Today I sent a letter to Father and another to
Emma. I reed one this morning from the
latter. She has been in Canada
and has had a pleasant time. Somehow she
does not seem as contented and
easy as I could wish. I must try some
way to get her over this [word
illegible] as it seems to oppress her. A
letter has just been reed saying
that Col. Tolles is not expected to
live. Lt. [name illegible] got hold of a
114 OHIO HISTORY
Sunday Press of today. It was a great
treat I assure you. The details
of Vicksburg and Gettysburg were in it.
Monday, July 13, 1863. I had quite an adventure today. I went out with a
squad of men, berrying, and on trying to
return found we were lost.
Being well convinced of this I called a
counsel [sic] of war, waited until I
could get a glimpse of the sun and then
struck a course which I was sure
would bring us out somewhere near camp.
The boys would not believe [me]
but I stuck to my point, and we came out
within 200 yds of camp.
Tuesday, July 14, 1863. Staid in camp and wrote letters today. Surely my
friends must be satisfied or else bored,
probably the latter, as I get very
few answers to my many letters. If it were not for my dear
faithful wife I
don't know as I should have anyone in
the civilized world to remind me of
former affection. I think I have written
to every person whose name I
could remember but somehow I don't get
replies as I expected.
Wednesday, July 15, 1863. And so I am to be released tomorrow. About
time I should say. It seems that the
papers were mislaid and could not be
found and hence the delay. Victory seems
to be with the "Stars & Stripes"
everywhere. Lee routed and flying,
Vicksburg ours, and Port Hudson
fallen. Glorious news truly! How contemptible was the
conduct of Pember-
ton toward Grant after the
capitulation.61 Morgan62 is still kicking
around in Ind[iana] and Ohio. He will be
"nabbed" yet.
Thursday, July 16, 1863. I went to Winchester today to see L. C. Geaves [?],
pres[ident] of the Female Coll[ege] at
that place. He could not recollect
me at all. I had a good opportunity to
rake him and guess I did it pretty
thoroughly. He is a mean dirty sneak,
and has not manhood enough to
save him from -- from being classified
with apes.
Today I am released from arrest. About
sundown Maj. Perkins63 called
the commissioned officers of the regt
together and the adjt read the findings
of the C[ourt] M[artial]. I was
sentenced to be reprimanded by the
commanding off[icer] of Regt.
Friday, July 17, 1863. I am officer of Day and Guard today, a sort of
double duty, with nothing to do at that.
I have written to Father and told
him about the result of my trial.64
It is getting to be very bad weather
here. Hot during the day and cold at
night, very unhealthy. We have begun
again the routine of camp. Company drill
from 7 1/2 to 9 1/2 A.M. Battalion
or Brigade drill from 3 1/2 to 5 1/2
P.M.
Saturday, July 18, 1863. Today there is no drill except company. The men
wash and make themselves comfortable. I
am as usual lying around
writing or reading. I am pretty nearly
sick today. A fortnight's diarrhea
is an ugly customer. A letter from
Father and another one from wife
tonight. How delicious the pleasure of
getting letters here.
Sunday, July 19, 1863. Lying around camp and writing letters to Emma
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 115
and Coon. Sunday is a tiresome day in
camp, no drill, no duty at all, just
lying around and groaning.
Monday, July 20, 1863. Still in camp. Drill today. I commanded a company
on battalion Drill. The Maj. said I must
blunder into the drill, and in faith I
made good progress enough, for I think I
must have made a score or
two of blunders.
Tuesday, July 21, 1863. Today is just a reflection or reitteration [sic] of
yesterday. One has nothing to mark the
days for nothing is done. Along
in the afternoon we get the papers and
for a few minutes we have some
excitement, then back we go into our
monotony. Such times as this make
me wish for the old office and my
profession and a home. I do wish the
war would come to an end. It cannot be
too soon.
Wednesday, July 22, 1863. On picket today. I have the main post on the
road toward Decherd. I have 52 men and 8
non-com-officers under me.
A very quiet, lazy position, nothing to
do and lots of time and men to do
it. One of the Sergts was the one who
swore so steadily against me in
my recent trial. I got a letter from
Emma. A very cheerful and [three
words illegible] one.
Thursday, July 23, 1863. Nothing to do today as I was on duty last night.
I have written to Emma and read an old
Lady's[?] Book which I found
in Capt Braden's65 quarters.
Today is one of the regular inspection
days. I was not relieved from
picket then so I escaped one torture.
Friday, July 24, 1863. Drilling again today.
Saturday, July 25, 1863. Broke camp at 2 P.M. and marched about one
mile beyond Decherd. This seems to be a
very pleasant place for a camp.
The water is fine and plenty of it, which
is the first desideratum of a camp.
It is a very pleasant place just on the
northeast side of a fine grove. The
boys have set about making themselves
comfortable.
Sunday, July 26, 1863. I spent the forenoon in fixing up to be homelike,
built a nice cot and prepared various
other conveniences. In the afternoon
I wrote to Emma (a miserable letter) and
to Father to induce him to
send me a box of necessaries. If I get
it I shall be more comfortable for
a time at least.
Monday, July 27, 1863. We have just finished up our preparations to stay
and are ordered to leave. How provoking.
Sure enough, why did I enlist?
It is my fate or fortune and must be
submitted to with all the patience
that can be mustered. Well there are
some pleasures about this uncertain
rambling life and it must be a grand
thing for the cultivation of resignation.
Tuesday, July 28, 1863. Today I went over to see Westcott at Winchester.
116 OHIO HISTORY
I had a very pleasant visit there and
procured besides a likeness which
I shall send home and have some photos
printed from. Westcott has been
promoted to the grade of 1st. Lt. and
has distinguished himself for
gallantry at Liberty Gap66 since
we last met.
Wednesday, July 29, 1863. This morning orders came to move, and off we
started up the mountains. On, on, up,
up, above the low hotness of the
valley, on above the camps and town and
up among the rocks and woods.
How I love mountains. My heart grows
lighter as my steps climb higher,
so that I suppose the highest accessible
point would be the height of my
happiness.
Thursday, July 30, 1863. Camp University, Tenn. Up here at University
place where according to the scheme of
the Rev. Leonidas Polk67 was to
be built the most [word illegible] and
splendid of American educational
institutions. It is a splendid place for
a camp. High, having good water
and plenty of splendid scenery, chiggers
and rattlesnakes.
Thursday, August 6, 1863. Received an order detailing me as Judge
Advocate [of the] Genl Court Martial, to
meet the 8th. It is rather
strange as Col Robinson has always been
J[udge] A[dvocate] for this
Brig. I hope some good may come out of
it, something that will take me
out from under control of one man.68
Saturday, August 8, 1863. The court met at 8 this A.M. I had just rec'd a
bundle of cases for trial. Did nothing
but prepare for work today.
Sunday, August 9, 1863. For any information concerning my whereabouts
or whatabouts see Records [of the] Gen'l
Court Martial, 4th Div 14th A.C.
of which Lt. Col. O'Brien 75th Ind[iana]
Vols. was president.
Sunday, August 16, 1863. Camp University. I wrote today nearly all day
on the Records of the Court Martial of
which I am Judge Advocate. In
the afternoon [name illegible] came up
and popped his good natured phiz
into the window. I was something more
than glad to see him. In the later
part of the evening he and I went down
to the bathing place in the glen
and had an awful time in getting out.
[several lines illegible].
Monday, August 17, 1863. On the move again. Orders came yesterday
evening to be ready for a move at 7 A.M. today, and
sure enough off we
go. Mainly to the eastward and a little
south. I guess we are for Jasper
[Tennessee]. The way upon the hill was
tolerably good, but down the
mountain, Oh! horror! A snake path down
a perpendicular precipice were
preferable. We camped in a beautiful
little valley at the head of Battle
Creek or near there. Probably its right
main tributary. I do not wonder
at the[ir] calling this place the
Switzerland of America.
Tuesday, August 18, 1863. Started out this morning in company with Capt
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 117
Spalding and Surgeon Turnbull,69 for the
top of a mountain to see "the
sights." And well were we paid for
our trouble. Such a spring as we found
on that mountain is worth going for to
see. We got back just after noon
and found the regt under arms ready for
a move. We were just in time
to miss our dinner and join the march to
Battle Creek where we arrived
about sundown. And here we are in the
same spot in which Buell was
outflanked last year.70
Wednesday, August 19, 1863. Lay at Battle
Creek.
Thursday, August 20, 1863. Lay at Battle Creek.
Friday, August 21, 1863. Moved to Jasper.
Saturday, August 22, 1863. Brigade in camp at Jasper.
Sunday, August 23, 1863. 101st and 75th Ind[iana] Vols. move to Shell
Mound [Tennessee]. 68th Ind[iana] and
105 Ohio remain in camp at
Jasper.
On picket at night guarding a cow ford
of the Sequatchie [River]. [word
illegible] Inspector Mozer [?], had a
twinge of Coward, and wanted to
show his folly.
Monday, August 24, 1863. Still in camp at Jasper. Hats came for the regt.
Tuesday, August 25, 1863. Court Martial ordered to meet again on the
28th inst.
Wednesday, August 26, 1863. Finishing up C[ourt] M[artial] Records.
Joe assisting.
Rosecrans brings us news of the fall of
Gregg and Wagner and orders
34 cheers. Given.
Thursday, August 27, 1863. Preparing for tomorrow's Court. Joe still with
me writing all day.
Had some likenesses taken this P.M. for
Father and Emma.
Friday, August 28, 1863. Early this morning I procured a horse of
Q.M. Smith,71 "The same pale horse
John saw in revelation," and in
company with Capts Riker72 and
Mason[?]73 went down to Shell Mound
to attend Court Martial. What a jolly
ride we had back and forth! Finished
the trial of Lt Ellis and adjourned to
meet again when it may be more
convenient.
Saturday, August 29, 1863. Preparing C[ourt] M[artial] Records.
Sunday, August 30, 1863. An awful cold night last night was. I have slept
in the open air in the snow with only
one half the blanketing over me that
I had last night and not suffered half
so much.
118 OHIO HISTORY
Monday, August 31, 1863. Lucius Gage formerly of Kingsville was brought
into the lines today a prisoner. He has
been in the Confederate service but
has resigned. He has just as much brass
and impudence as ever. The
devil must envy him his face.
Tuesday, September 1, 1863. The remainder of the brigade moved to Shell
Mound today.
Wednesday, September 2, 1863. Made an exploring tour in Nicko-Jack [sic]
cave in company with Dr. Turnbull and
Sergt Thompson.
Friday, September 4, 1863. Left Shell Mound today for, somewhere else,
at 2:30 P.M. There is a general advance
of the Army of the Cumberland.
They are crossing the river [Tennessee]
at three different points.75 A part
of Crittenden's Corps crossed here last
night.
Saturday, September 5, 1863. At the Nickojack coal mine on the top of
the mountain. We have been for two days
past with the teams, pushing
and hauling by day and guarding by night
along the roughest, sorriest
path man ever clomb, I am sure.
P.M. The same as for the past two days,
"B" and "G" are guard of ammu-
nition train. Our brigade is going to
Trenton [Georgia] where the rest of
the division is now. The train will not
start for several hours, probably,
though there is now firing in that
direction. I should not wonder if we had
a fight here abouts. It may be that the
"rebs" have attacked our division
at Trenton. If so, I am afraid we shall fare
but illy. It may be however
that we have ample support at hand.
Heaven grant it be so.
Trenton. All safe here. The firing was
somewhere in the vicinity of
Chattanooga.
Sunday, September 6, 1863. As usual we rest today. We lie and doze and
swelter here in our tents, and wish for
the evening. There is a splendid
blast-furnace here, just built. It could
not have cost less than $200,000.
Monday, September 7, 1863. Left Trenton and went on four or five miles
into Lookout Valley, so called because
one can only see out of it by looking
directly upwards. There is only our
Brigade here. More Iron works. This
valley was fast becoming a point of
great importance to the enemy.
Immense preparations for iron manufacture
were in progress here.
Tuesday, September 8, 1863. Lay still today and I improve the time by
writing to Nora and Emma. I am off[icer]
of day and have nothing else
to do. I am getting anxious about a place on
Reynold's76 staff. If I cannot get
it I must certainly resign when the Capt
comes back. I cannot live longer
in this way.
Wednesday, September 9, 1863. Another day in camp. Joe has been over
and I have learned a little more of my
prospects at Hdqtrs. I have some
hope that I may be successful there.
Wallace has received his commission as
Capt. I am again left out in
120 OHIO HISTORY
the Cold. Eh! bien. "Time at
last sets all things even." He is a good man
and I feel no envy toward him, though he
has shown no such stirring merit
as to entitle him to jump all the Lt's
in the regt.
Thursday, September 10, 1863. On the march again, and a hard time we
had of it this morning. About ten miles
were conquered without a halt.
Tired enough when we did stop. All the
mountains we have passed are
but ragged molehills to those around us.
These too are put so close together
that there is not room to camp between
them. We have bivouacked today
on an almost perpendicular hillside.
Waiting for the Corps van to get up
a mountain ahead of us.
Friday, September 11, 1863. [whole page illegible].
Saturday, September 12, 1863. How soon the hour of reveille came this
morning. Only three or four hours of
sleep and now for a march, perhaps
a fight. Down the mountain by a road
which crooks and turns in and out
steep stark[?] and rocky to a narrow
valley on the other side. We lay
in line of battle all day but had no
fighting.
Sunday, September 13, 1863. Lay in the same place as yesterday and fed
off the country until nearly night and
then marched a few miles and
bivouacked in the bushes. The wagons
came up tonight and we had a
chance for a change of clothes and a new
supply of rations.
Monday, September 14, 1863. Came on to Pond Spring [Georgia] and
bivouacked in line again. Corps and Divn
Headqtrs are near us again. It is
a pretty place and if we should stay
here a few days I know of no one
who would complain.
At 8 oc. P.M. the Sergt Maj. came and
notified me to report for duty as
officer of the pickets. Inspector
Mozer[?] set me to establishing a line of
pickets between two indefinite points in
a region of which I know nothing
nor he either. I did the best I could.
Tuesday, September 15, 1863. Was on picket all day today. Went out on a
scout 1 1/2 or two miles to the front. I
saw a rebel picket which left [let]
nothing move. [sic].
Toward night we were relieved, the line
placed farther out [several words
illegible]. There has been skirmishing
along the front for the past two
days. Many think we will have a very
severe engagement here. It does
not seem so to me.
Wednesday, September 16, 1863. Staid in Camp all day. [name illegible]
was with us, also [name illegible] an
old crony of Eph Kee.77 I liked him
much and hope to know him better
hereafter. We have had two mails today
but no letters for me, only some papers.
It is very strange. I have had
none since we left Shell Mound on the
4th inst. I went over to see Maj
Herrick this evening. I am very anxious
to secure the vacancy on Gen
Reynolds staff and he is working for me.
Thursday, September 17, 1863. Skirmishing began quite briskly just at
daylight this morning and we were
ordered up and into line ready for
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 121
moving out in a moment. We remained thus
until about 11:30 A.M., when
we were marched out at almost a double
quick. We went out on the
Chattanooga road toward Lafayette
[Georgia] and took position on the
left of the road in the woods. While I
write the round shot are tearing
through the trees a few rods to the left
of us, and Wilder's men are
charging and cheering in front. There is
a smart skirmish going on.
Really I don't know but we shall have a
fight here yet.78
Friday, September 18, 1863. Moved still farther to the front and Cos
B and G were thrown forward to act as
pickets and skirmishers. 25 men
under Capt Braden composed the first Relief, Co
"G," myself, the Second,
and Lt Morgaridge with 25 other men,
composed the Third. On account of
the darkness and the roughness of the
ground the reliefs were to stand four
hours instead of two. I went on at 10,
Lt M[orgaridge] came down about
12 oc to inspect the ground before
posting his relief, and with him Sergt
Olds.79 In going back to the station
they were lost, as was every man whom
I sent to inquire after the relief, so
we staid on till 5 A.M. today. Daylight.
Rebels in plain sight evidently
preparing for a dash on our lines. That
[the line] is played out.
Saturday, September 19, 1863. Left pond Spring at dusk last evening on
the Chattanooga road and marched toward
the left where there has been
heavy firing nearly all day. We moved
slowly on account of the [word
illegible] of troops before us and the
difficulty of getting the artillery
along. About 2 A.M. we bivouacked
by the road and were moving again
by five A.M. Spring Place [several words
illegible] opening upon our right
and there is every prospect [several
words illegible] battle. 10 A.M. We
are moving toward the left where the
engagement is growing hot. 10:15.
We returned the [several words
illegible]. It has grown quiet for a moment.
We will soon have more.*
10:55 Sept. 19. In the woods in line of
battle. [several words illegible]
105th in second line. Heavy fighting in
front. Heavy artillery active and
then sharp musketry. Wood's80 and
Palmer's81 Divn's are doing splendid
fighting. The artillery is not so heavy
as I have heard but the musketry is
sharp. There must be heavy charging on
one side or the other. The noise
is receding showing that the enemy is
retiring. They are evidently making
a desperate attempt to get and hold the
Chattanooga road. If they succeed
it will make our task difficult and
endanger Burnside.82 I think we shall
soon be ordered up to take the place of
some tired brigade.
11. Attack on the right, [word
illegible] still on the left.
11:15 A.M. We have moved our lines again
toward the front and left.
The attack on the left has been renewed
but apparently with no better
success. For ten minutes it was
desperate indeed. The musketry was as
fierce as Perryville.83
* Here again Tourgee turned back to the
blank pages in the front of the diary and
for nearly a week kept up a running
account of the battle of Chickamauga and its
aftermath. He also made brief regular
entries. As they were above, both sets are
printed, in this instance the regular
entries appearing first.--EDITOR.
122 OHIO HISTORY
Sunday, September 20, 1863. Fought near Crawfish Spring. Came into
Chattanooga at night with Capt. Spalding
wounded. Brought him on a
stretcher from the field ten miles and
left him at Officer's Hospital.
Staid with 16 men on a little green in
Chattanooga.
2:30 A.M. Sept. 20. The brigade became
engaged yesterday at about
11:30 A.M. The enemy's line by much
outflanked us and the cut out line
was brought up to prevent this and thus
the line of two ranks was left
without support. After driving in the
enemy skirmishers we lay in line for
some minutes. Then came enfilading
shots. [three words illegible] our flanks
were driven back and we retired to the
same line with them. After that the
enemy again advanced. We were again
outflanked and after a volley or
two we turned and left. Of course a
retreat, after turning with a charging
enemy in front, became a perfect rout. I
do not know how far we ran
but I know that running along in the
rear, crying and shouting to the men
to stand, I became completely tired out
and was only aroused to further
exertion by the fear of being gobbled.
When I overtook the rest of the
fugitives I tried to halt them at every
favorable spot. At length I found
the colors and three or four men. I at
once rallied all I could there and
soon had acquired company. Still going
to the rear we found more and at
length a good share of the battalion
were collected around the flag. After
a time we were marched into position on
a hillside farther to the left.
Stragglers came in and we had quite a
presentable battalion. From Co
"G" Benjamin,84 Corp
Crater,85 Corp Reeves,86 Christie,87 and Stoll.88
Corp Glancy89 was slightly
wounded. It was now about 4 oc P.M. We lay on
the hill until about sunset when we took
a new position in the line.
The night has thus far been quiet but
very cold. We cannot of course
build many fires while so close to the
enemy and we suffer greatly.
4 A.M. Sunday, Sept. 20. All is yet
quiet in our front though the day is
now breaking. When the call comes is
impossible to say, sure must be
fighting, however. The troops we met
yesterday were not the old troops
of this dept. Prisoners say they were
reinforced but a few days since by
a large force from Virginia (some
30,000) under Longstreet.90 They fought
splendidly, and charged in fine style.
6 A.M. All is yet quiet. Both sides are
evidently gathering strength for
a great effort. Let it come.
7 A.M. Called into line. Light picket
firing on the left. It is thought that
we will not make an attack today. If the
enemy attack us we think things
are sufficiently prepared to give them a
quietus. The morning is clear and
pleasant, but the smoke of battle and
the burning of piney camp fires
renders the sunshine dim.
Every now and then the pickets fire upon
each other. There must I think
be some sharp dodging [word illegible]
the outpost line. If the battle
opens again today it will be another
[word illegible] day kept upon the
battlefield.
Thank God for my wife Emma. It is
strange how very sweet and tender
thoughts of home and loved ones rise
before the mind on the field of
conflict. I am grateful too.
8 A.M. The action has begun. The enemy
seems to be feeling our line
[word illegible] its full extent,
probably in order to enable them to guess
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 123
at the weakest point. Our brigade is in
double line. The 168th and 101st
in advance and the 75th and 105th in rear. The 101, in
front of us, is ranged
behind a fence which they have converted
into a breastwork by piling
in bushes and stones against it.
9:05 A.M.
The Brigade has changed position again.
The 75th is now
in front of the 105th. We are a few
yards North of our former position.
Both Artillery and musketry have opened
sharply on the left. The Company
are all safely accounted for this far
except Corp Craytor [Crater] who
is probably wounded. God help the rest
of us. We fight in His Cause.
10:50 A.M. The enemy made a furious
assault at 9:10 this A.M. supported
by Artillery, which has just failed of
success. It was fierce and stubbornly
kept up.
There is a lull just now. We have been
shelled pretty hard as the
battery (Harris')91 is just in front of
us. No one injured in the regt as
yet though several shells have exploded
over and near us. I never before
heard such a terriffic [sic] chorus
of infantry and musketry.
Monday, September 21, 1863. Was put on Provost Duty in the city and
remained until 6 P.M. when I
started for the regt with 60 men.
Camped out two or three miles but was
ordered back about 11 P.M.
Came back and camped on a hill on the
right of the road near the depot
and staid during the rest of the night.
Tuesday, September 22, 1863. Started again, early this morning for the
regt which we found about 1 1/2 miles out in the
fortifications.
The whole army was pouring in from the
front. The works are being
increased and strengthened with
wonderful rapidity. Unless we are
attacked soon, we can bid defiance to
almost any force. The army will
soon bury itself. We dig all the time.
All that is lacking is a sufficiency of
tools for entrenching.
11:15 A.M. 22nd Sept. It is two days
since I wrote here. Immediately
after the date of my last note we
charged on a brigade of the enemy who
had advanced too far on our right. We
easily drove them for half a mile
or more losing however many men in the
advance. We took Brig Gen
Adams92 [two words illegible]
and 40 or 50 other prisoners. Capt Spalding
and Sergt Cushing were wounded here. The
former in the right knee, the
latter in the left ankle. Capt
S[paulding]'s wound was a severe, even a
dangerous, one. Having pierced the line
so far we were enfiladed on both
flanks and compelled to fall back. For a
second time I came off the
field with the colors of the 105th,
almost deserted save by myself and
two or three faithful fellows beside. We
rallied a few men near the
hospital and continued our retreat.
I came in with Capt Spalding and at 10
oc P.M. placed him in the
officer's hospital. Yesterday (21st) I
was put on provost duty in town.
This morning I rejoined the regt with
about 60 men. We were in line
of battle in the trenches in front of
Chattanooga. Our troops at the
front are all falling back before the
enemy's advance almost without
firing a shot. We are sitting on the
brink of the rifle pits waiting it seems
for the coming enemy. A few straggling
shots of artillery have spun
124 OHIO HISTORY
over and among us and a few shots have
been fired by the skirmishers, but
we are waiting, waiting to die rather
than abandon a position of such
vital importance to our cause. We, or I,
believe that God's hand will aid
us in the coming terrible struggle, more
terrible, more bloody than any
other battle of the war has been thus
far. It may be that I may be
numbered with the slain but God grant
that I may do my duty well and
feel the consciousness that God sustains
and cares for me. Oh Father!
strengthen me, strengthen all those who
sustain our holy cause with
consciousness that thy strength is
aiding us.
We need it, for it would seem that man
has deserted us. For three
days we have fought the overpowering
forces of the enemy yielding inch
by inch and leaving the ground strewn
with noble dead, and now, Oh!
I cannot believe it but it is said that
Burnside is lying at Cleveland [Ten-
nessee] only a two days' march with
20,000 men and will not come to
our assistance because he is the senior
officer! But it must be false! It
cannot be true.93
God has kept me thus far in the midst of
great dangers, and I almost
hope, I almost expect to live to see
another day. But whether I live or
die I commend my darling wife to the
kind care of a protecting God.
May her life be rewarded with happiness,
and sorrow sit light upon her
brow, and when the dawning of Eternity
shall call us to endless life,
may we meet to know the bliss of never
dying love and eternal marriage.
Albion W. Tourgee
Trenches before Chattanooga. 7:30 P.M. Sept. 22. The
hum of prepara-
tion for the expected struggle of
tomorrow fills the air. The forts which
the enemy commenced at leisure are being
finished by us in haste. The
ditches which they dug to stop us are
being got in readiness for them to
die in. If they attempt to carry the
place by assault as it is thought
they will tomorrow after shelling us a while,
they will have a hard job
on hand. Thousands on both sides must
die before we are driven from
this. The importance of this movement
has been greatly underrated by
our authorities and we have been left to
struggle single handed against
the combined forces of the Confederacy.
We had no poet [several words
illegible] to sing our praises and of
course, died in the public mind. We
had no Mississippi reopened to commerce
&c &c to spur the sluggish fancy
of lady[?] eloquence. No boundless field
for cotton speculation to secure
the cooperation of disinterested
politicians and therefore our claims are
not properly represented at the seat of
power, but we know that this
is the Crisis of the war and I think the
Army of the Cumberland will
show itself fit for the emergency and
worthy of the trust imposed.94
We have had some shelling and some
picket firing. Wilder[?] took six
pieces of artillery with considerable
loss. On the left front Forrest95 is
said to have reached the rear. God bless
the loved ones at home. May their
rest be sweet and their dreams
undisturbed by thought of shot or shell.
Wednesday, September 23, 1863. We are just at the right of the center--
Ft. Negley -- McCook's96 lines
stretch away to the right and Crittenden's
to the left.
Still working on entrenchments.
8 oc. A.M. Sept. 23d. It is all quiet along the line this morning with the exception of a little picket firing. We are just at the right of a fort which the "rebs" had commenced in the center of the lines. The fort has been greatly strengthened since we occupied the lines, and miles of rifle pits were thrown up last night. We can hold our lines against any assault from the front. [word illegible]. 7 P.M. Sept. 23d. The soft serene September evening has come again and has closed in quiet over our lines. Not a shot has been fired at us today, save a few at our pickets with no effect. Yesterday morning a defeated but desperate army fell back to this position from a field of blood. Now the autumn moon looks down on the camp filled with elated and confident troops. The half completed forts are now mounds of earth, frowning with guns and hourly growing thicker and higher. Beside the long red lines of rifle pits which wind here and there in and out over hill and valley field and forest for miles, glisten the stacked arms, and behind them glow the blazing campfires around which through the foggy air the forms of the soldiers stand out with grotesque hugeness. The sound of axe and spade are yet heard and yonder on the walls of the fort between me and the moonlit horizon I can see the shovels full of dirt fly up and then fall upon the parapet. Off to the right may be heard the clatter of hammers and saws as some doomed house totters to its ruin. It is a most peculiar succession of sounds. First comes the clatter of hammers, and cracking of windows, then the sound of ripping clap- boards, then interspersed with these comes the grating of saws. There |
126 OHIO HISTORY
is a pause a silence of a minute, then a
sharp rattle as of distant and
fierce musketry, and the once princely
house sinks in a heap of ruins.
Away up to the right on Look Out Point
is a signal station in active opera-
tion. Below it along the mountain side,
far up on the rugged side too,
are the camp fires of McCook's Corps.
And the steep hill on the left is
crowned with the fires of Crittenden.
From end to end of our lines must
be at least seven miles. The left rests
on the river above the City and is
strengthened by a very fine earth work
erected by the rebs during the
summer [several lines illegible]. The
right really rests on Lookout
Mountain but its picket line extends to
the river below the town. The
outer line of works is about 2 1/2 or 3 miles from
the river. Our picket line
is about three fourths of a mile further
out and still beyond on a range
of hill[s] which curve around us. To the
eastward are the rebels. They
have a full view of our operations and
much good may it do them. The
old blood-stained and the torn colors
which wave over the work which
they began for us must have a rather
stubborn aspect.
Thursday, September 24, 1863. Our rifle pits are now nearly completed.
The enemy must now loose [sic] as
many men as we have here or move
-- if they take us by storm.
There was an attack on the left tonight
and we had a chance to witness
a night cannonading.
Sept. 24th 1863. 5 A.M. We were
called into line a few minutes after
four oc this A.M. Our batteries
opened on the enemy at 4:50 and have
kept up a constant stream of fire on
them. It is supposed that they are
preparing for an assault. The morning is
foggy and cool and our Artillery
awakes the echoes grandly among these
hills and cliffs of eastern Tenn.
There was evidently some preparation
being made last night by the
enemy but what we do not know as yet. If
they have sufficient men they
can take the place but they must have in
the charge as many men as we
have in the works. If they can afford
this they can have the point. The
firing thus far has been entirely from
the middle fort. The enemy have
not replied and there are various
surmises as to the cause of this strange
silence on their part.
11 P.M. We sent out a couple of brigades
this evening about 6 oc this P.M.
to feel the enemy's lines. They had
quite a smart skirmish but returned
without any material results. At 10 this
P.M. the enemy returned the
compliment by driving in our pickets in
front of Brannan's97 Div'n and
making quite a heavy assault on our
outer line. We were sleeping
soundly in the trenches and were called
into line to repel the attack.
Friday, September 25, 1863. On picket. Shelled.
Sept. 25th 1863. On picket.
Saturday, September 26, 1863. Capt Spalding died of hemorrhage after
amputation this morning at four oclock.
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 127
Sept. 26th 1868 [sic]. Saturday
Capt E. A. Spalding died at the officer's
Hospital in Chattanooga Tenn. this A.M. at 4 o.c.
Sunday, September 27, 1863. Went to town to get Capt Spalding's effects
and place a head board at his grave.
Wrote to his sister.
Monday, September 28, 1863. In camp improving our rifle pit. Appointed
to the Command of Co "E."98
Tuesday, September 29, 1863. In camp. Went over to see Lt. Westcott now
Adjt. of the 38th Ill[inois]. Had a
pleasant chat with him and brought
him home with me to tea.
Wednesday, September 30, 1863. Went on picket this morning at 8 oclock.
About 2 P.M. it began to rain and kept
it up all day. All quiet on the picket
line in front. We exchanged papers with
the "rebs" and passed several
jokes and salutations.
Thursday, October 1, 1863. Were relieved from picket duty this morning
by the 89th Ohio. They have had a hard
time today for it has rained
incessantly and fiercely. Have been busy
making out reports and returns
for the end of the month and quarter.
Two letters from Emma. Oh how
[word illegible] of strength there is in
noble woman. [several words
illegible].
Friday, October 2, 1863. Have been writing almost all day on official
documents. There have been strange
movements among the enemy in
front. There is evidently something on
foot there. Most persons whom I
have spoken with think it means a speedy
and vigorous assault. 200 of
our wagons are said to have been cut off
today and burned. If so we shall
be short for rations very soon. Whatever
the enemy does here must be
done soon for help is not far off I am
sure. God is just and if we do
our duty as soldiers we shall hold the
place I do not doubt.
Monday, October 5, 1863. 11 A.M. The enemy have just opened upon the
left from a heavy gun (probably a 32
pounder) on Mission Ridge. They
have thrown four [or] five shells and
two or three solid shot. They seem
to be firing chiefly at the fort on the
left.
3:50 P.M. The enemy have kept up the
firing pretty briskly since 11 oc.
They have got the range of our works
pretty well and "skit" the shells and
shot over us all too close to be
comfortable. 5 P.M. After about six hours
active shelling the rebels have become
quiet again. They will probably
resume operations again just at dark.
Tuesday, October 6, 1863. The enemy opened upon us three times during
the night, at 9:20, 11:30 and 3 A.M. They had the
range of our regt ex-
ceedingly well but struck no one.
8:25 A.M. There has been a dense fog since 4 oclock. It is rising
now
and we expect to have shells whistling
around us soon. The enemy used
128 OHIO HISTORY
a novel missle yesterday, novel to me at
least, being nothing less than a
double-headed shot like a dumb-bell.
Several of these were thrown over us.
3:30 P.M. The enemy have been very quiet
today. Nothing is visible on
Lookout Point and deserters claim that
they have fallen back, i.e. the main
body. Report not credited. [several
lines illegible].
Wednesday, October 7, 1863. All quiet today. We lay in Camp and the
other brigade picketed. Nothing to be
seen on Lookout Mountain. Harris
threw a shell or two just at right.
Thursday, October 8, 1863. On picket today. Just as my relief went on
post this P.M. movements were visible among
the enemy's forces just in
our front. Soon after our artillery
began to shell Lookout Mountain from
the [word illegible] fort. No replies.
Gen. Rosecrans sent out that he
expected the enemy would try and make a
lodgement on the east bank
of Chattanooga Creek during the night.
After dark we heard rattling
of arms and commands but were not
attacked. There was a fog so dense
that you could not see a large fire ten
yards. Never saw anything like it.
Friday, October 9, 1863. Slept almost all day to make up for last night's
watching.
Am arranging affairs to take permanent
command of Co "E."
Wish I would hear from Emma. I hope she
is not fretting about me.
Saturday, October 10, 1863. Busy, busy! Been writing all day but not
letters. Well, I don't get any either.
Sunday, October 11, 1863. Joe has been here and we have been out to
see Capt Bates of the 125 Ohio. I have
not seen Joe looking so well since
before we came into the service. I do
hope he will continue well and come
out all right. He well deserves it.
Monday, October 12, 1863. Busy all day fixing up the Company papers
which I found in a very bad state of
confusion. It has taken me several
days to accomplish it.
Tuesday, October 13, 1863. Election Day! Not so much of a day here as
at home, but yet something of an event.
As usual at home it is marked by
a tremendous rain, which has now lasted
24 hours and no likelihood of its
ceasing. Half of our regt was on picket
and was not relieved until after-
noon. Every man almost in the regt
entitled to vote has voted. We have
polled 284 votes. All Republican, Union,
I mean. One had Brough's99
name scratched off but no one inserted.
I guess we are the "Banner
Township."100 Today is Rosetta's
birthday. I wish I were home to flay her.
Wednesday, October 14, 1863. Still raining! Sent off the election Returns
and got some "grub" from down
town. We are not quite starved out,
and shall not be so long as we can get Hard
Bread and plenty of pickled
pork. We have now quite a large Mess.
Capt Braden, Lt. Morgaridge,
myself, the Orderlies of "B" "G"
and "E," Latimer101 and Kelly,102 cooks.
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 129
If we could only get flour and fruit we
would live high. Well, we get along
very well as it is. We have a rule which
gives us considerable fun. Whoever
uses any vulgar language at table must
pay 25 cts for luxuries for the
Mess, for every offense.
Thursday, October 15, 1863. And it is still raining!! Oh accursed land!
There is only one thing to compensate us
for sleeping under wet blankets,
living in a dripping, leaky tent, and
almost dying of cold in this forsaken
and "uttermost part" of the
earth and that is to see the clouds rise from
the valley and heaven to break about the
ragged summits of the mountains.
It is really splendid sometimes. I wrote
to father and Emma today. I
have not felt like writing before since
the fight. I am so anxious to get
Emma's picture. Bless the Darling! What
a world of happiness she gives
me!
Friday, October 16, 1863. Have been busy writing almost all day. I am
preparing something for Reed of the
Telegraph. I think I have something
almost bitter
enough. I will see if any such craven harpy is to pick away
at me at his pleasure while I am absent.
If I don't give him an ulcer that
will always smart, I certainly mistake
my own powers. I have a letter
from Rosetta and another from Emma. The
darling, she had just heard
of my safety and was just ready to die
of joy. God bless her loving heart.
Saturday, October 17, 1863. I have written to Mary Baldrie today. I do
feel as if I did not do right in my
acquaintance last winter with her and
I am bound to make up for it in some
manner if I can. Somehow, I am
impressed with the idea that she but
needs a little direction to become a
very noble woman. I think I can gain
sufficient influence over her to induce
her to listen to my counsel. I have not
told her that I am married and
do not intend to do so yet.
Sunday, October 18, 1863. I wrote to father today and sent him the letter
to Reed and also one for the Reporter. I
sent a letter of instructions with
them telling him just how I desired him
to proceed with them. Wrote a
letter to Nora also.
Monday, October 19, 1863. A brigade moved in behind us this forenoon.
In the afternoon we broke up and moved a
short distance to the [rear?]
where we bivouacked for the night each
man sleeping on his traps and
keeping his traps and calamities as best
he might. We had everything but
our chimney, that was left behind. We
are going to bring it up if we stop
near it. [sic]. Called on
Westcott and had a pleasant chat with him. He
loaned me his "Atlantic" for
September. It is an oasis in this intellectual
desert.
Tuesday, October 20, 1863. Today we moved into our new position. We are
some distance to the right of our former
position on the northwestern
side of the Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad.
I have been on detail again today. I
went with a detachment of 30 to
work on fort Reynolds, which crowns the
crest of Moccasin Point. I hurt
my back in trying to jump a ditch.103
130 OHIO HISTORY
Wednesday, October 21, 1863. Orderly and I have been doing all we can
on account of rain, to make our abode comfortable. We
cannot make
much headway and were glad to give it up
and go to bed early to keep
warm. Received a likeness, a picture, of Emma today.
Very fine indeed.
No boy with a pair of new boots ever
went to bed more rapturously happy
than I tonight. Heaven bless my Darling. May she never
have to sleep in
an old cold tent in a hard cold rain
away down in Dixie.
Thursday, October 22, 1863. A fair day. The regt went on picket. I went out
and nearly gave out, after the walk to
the lines. Had to come in on
account of illness. I fear my back is
going to trouble me. I am very weak
and have been in bed almost all day.
Lat[imer] and the orderly have
built the new double-fireplace chimney and it works
like a charm. If we can
only stay here and can get wood we shall
be very comfortable indeed,
for soldiers. Rations are getting
terribly scarce though.
Friday, October 23, 1863. Lat[imer] and Ellis have been to the Commis-
sary's for Rations and came back empty
handed. We have a few pounds
of Hard Bread and a very few of
"Sowbelly." What we are to do I know
not. We have been short ever since we
fell back here. The roads are
perfectly awful. We shall not leave nor
starve however so long as there
are horses and mules here.
Saturday, October 24, 1863. The great event of today is the fact that
Williams, an American citizen of African
descent came into the pay and
employ of the Comdg off[icer] of Co
"E" 105th Ohio Vols. Said individual,
not knowing his "uder" name,
was immediately Christened Nimbus, by
which ancient and honorable appellation
he is hereafter to be known.104
He seems to be a very docile specimen of
the sons of Ham and when we
once get him new coated may be useful if
not thoroughly ornamental. We
have been finishing our "fixing up
today." Are very comfortable now.
Sunday, October 25, 1863. Sunday in camp! Rosecrans deserves the prayers
of all soldiers for his religious regard
of that day. He is our general no
more. Grant is here.105 I
have washed, shaved and spent the greater part
of the day writing to Emma. Her likeness
is almost a companion to me
so lifelike and natural. Bless the dear
heart. She has no idea what a
treasure she was giving me when she gave
me the original. Heard a
church bell today, i.e. an article used
in some country's [sic] to call people
to public worship.
Monday, October 26, 1863. The regiment went on picket this morning. I
remained in camp being afflicted with a
very lame back. Dr. Turnbull
came to see me during the day and
prescribed a blister. It has been on
now two or three hours and strange
enough I feel no inconvenience from it.
I never did from any blister. [name
illegible] has been here. He has been
ordered back to his company through the
intrigues of that knave Tuttle.106
Heaven make his days long enough to
repent his evil deeds, and no longer.
I wonder if he would not furnish a fine
sample for a death bed repentance.
A DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE 131
Monday, November 2, 1863. Applied today for leave of absence for twenty
days. Lt. Wrightl07 is going home in a
day or two and I wish to go at the
same time as I need assistance. Was
examined by brigade and division
surgeons and my application approved.
Tuesday, November 3, 1863. Went up and was examined by the Corps
Med. Director. He said he would approve
my application and advised me
to resign when it ran out.
I sent Greenough up to department Hdqtrs
to inquire as to my papers.
Not arrived. He then went to see Gen
Baird who sent them up without
approval but recommending Resignation.
Wednesday, November 4, 1863. Papers are not yet arrived. The circum-
locution office is a big thing! Lt.
Wright starts for home today. I have to
stay and go when I can or not at all. I
hate to think of leaving the
service and think that if I am not
granted leave I will stay where I
am until I am better or worse.
Thursday, November 5, 1863. Am yet lying around waiting. I am worse
today. It is the same old dull dead pain
and numbness.
Friday, November 6, 1863. The same as yesterday, plus "the blues."
Saturday, November 7, 1863. Ditto.
Sunday, November 8, 1863. Joe has been over. I have got a novel and some
papers and, as my back is comparatively
easy, feel more comfortable and
contented.
Monday, November 9, 1863. I feel rather better now. I have given up all
hope of ever hearing from my
application. So I have settled down to stay
here till I recover or die.
Tuesday, November 10, 1863. I am still a little better. I walk more easily
and feel more cheerful and natural. I
don't know but I shall get well.
I hope I shall and then get leave
of absence. Would I not have a time! But
the hopes of the wicked are bound to
perish and so are mine I suppose.
THE EDITOR: Dean H. Keller is
head of the humanities division of the
Kent State University Library and edits
the library's quarterly journal The
Serif.
|
A CIVIL WAR DIARY OF ALBION W. TOURGEE
edited by DEAN H. KELLER |
Albion W. Tourgee's Civil War diary, which covers a period of six months in 1863, is an important document in the author's biography and in the literature of the Civil War. It reveals Tourgee in many lights -- from the thoughtful, loving husband to the stern, high-minded Unionist, and from the dedicated military man to the impatient individualist. All of these traits were present to some extent in Tourgee's character, and evidence of them may be seen throughout his varied and colorful career.1 Tourgee was a careful observer, and in his diary he presents a vivid picture of army life. His descriptions of engagements in which he took part are incisive, and his comments on their larger importance are always interest- ing. It is probable that Tourgee relied on the diary for some details that he incorporated in the history of his regiment, the One Hundred and Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry.2 Thus we have in this diary a personal revelation of an extraordinary character who later became famous and a vivid first-hand account of events of some historical importance. Tourgee was born in Williamsfield, Ohio, in 1838. Nine years later his family moved to a farm near Kingsville, Ohio, and there he received his
NOTES ARE ON PAGES 146-148 |