154 OHIO
HISTORY
44. Quoted by Shannon, Socialist
Party of America, 115.
45. Ginger, Bending Cross, 360.
46. "Eugene V. Debs, the Gentle
Hoosier Socialist," Literary Digest, November 13, 1926,
p.42.
47. Ohio Socialist, October 9,
1918.
48. Alfred H. Kelly and Winifred A.
Harbison, The American Constitution: Its Origins
and Development (New York, 1948), 667.
49. Ohio Socialist, July 17,
1918.
50. Ibid., August 21, December 4,
25, 1918.
51. Ibid., August 7, 1918.
52. Ibid., August 14, 1918.
53. Ibid.
CLEVELAND'S NEW
STOCK LAWMAKERS
AND PROGRESSIVE
REFORM
1. Richard Hofstadter, The Age of
Reform (New York, 1955), 131-186
and George
Mowry, The California Progressives (Chicago,
1963), 86-105.
2. See Arthur Link, "What Happened
to the Progressive Movement in the 1920's?"
American Historical Review, LXIV (July 1959), 833-851; Samuel Hays, Response to
In-
dustrialism (Chicago, 1957), J.
Joseph Huthmacher, Massachusetts People and Politics
(Cambridge, 1959).
3. Hofstadter, Age of Reform, 131-174;
Mowry, California Progressives, 86-105.
4. J. Joseph Huthmacher, Massachusetts
People and Politics, 60-71; see also J. Joseph
Huthmacher, "Charles Francis Murphy
and Charles Evans Hughes: The Metamorphosis
of Progressivism," New York
History, LXVI (January 1965), 25-40; Oscar Handlin, The
Uprooted (Boston, 1951), 201-226; and J. Joseph Huthmacher,
"Urban Liberalism and
the Age of Reform," Mississippi
Valley Historical Review, XLIX
(September 1962),
231-241.
5. Hoyt Landon Warner, Progressivism
in Ohio, 1897-1917 (Columbus, 1964), 54-87.
6. U. S. Bureau of the Census, Thirteenth
Census of the United States, 1910, I, 177-
178, 912.
7. Warner, Progressivism in Ohio, 23-41,
54-56, 128, 165, 191-192, 250-251; Frederic
C. Howe, The Confessions of a
Reformer (New York, 1925), 91-99, 100-140; Wellington
G. Fordyce, "Nationality Groups in
Cleveland Politics," The Ohio State Archaeological
and Historical Quarterly, XLVI (1937), 125.
8. Warner, Progressivism in Ohio, 69-70;
Howe, Confessions, 56-61, 100-140; Carl
Lorenz, Tom L. Johnson (New York,
1911), 46-47; Charles Glaab and Theodore Brown,
History of Urban Amercia (New York, 1967), 213-215.
9. For a general study of the period see
Warner, Progressivism in Ohio.
10. The backgrounds and contributions of
these new stock leaders which are discussed
can be found in James K. Mercer, Ohio
Legislative History, 1909-1913 (Columbus, 1913),
442, 504, 511, 513, 554, 580, 635 and
Mercer, Ohio Legislative History, 1913-1917 (Colum-
bus, 1917), 467, 552-553, 627, 639-640. See
also Legislative Manual of the State of Ohio,
1912, Floyd Atwill and Harry R. Young, comp. (Springfield,
1912), 41, 112, 116, 126 and
Warner's Progressivism in Ohio, 199,
266-267, 388, 396-397, 403-404, 428.
11. Legislative Manual, 1912, 40,
41, 117, 118, 123, 124, 129, 142.
12. Mercer, Ohio Legislative History,
1909-1913, 519, 532, 575, 597, 601-602, 605, 610,
621, 630, 631, 637, 646. In 1915 only
nine of the eighteen Cleveland members were of
new stock origins. In 1917 the number
was thirteen and in 1919, twelve. See personal
biographies in Mercer, Ohio
Legislative History, 1913-1917, 1919-1920. Biographical in-
formation is not readily available
indicating how many generations Kilrain's and Terrell's
ancestors had resided in America, but
their names and education backgrounds clearly
indicate that they were Irish Catholic,
and hence more identified with the new stock
than the old, for, as political
scientist Duane Lockard has said, "the political implications
of ethnic associations do not end with
the second generation." See Duane Lockard, New
England State Politics (Princeton, 1959), 240 n.7.
13. Warner, Progressivism in Ohio, 199,
282-283, 402-403, 487.