COLONEL JAMES KILBOURNE
BY C. B. GALBREATH
Colonel James Kilbourne, one of the
founders of
Bucyrus, was a prominent pioneer of
Ohio. He was
born at New Britain, Connecticut,
October 19, 1770. He
was descended from an ancient Scottish
family, but his
ancestors for many years had lived in
England before
emigrating to America. His father, who
was a farmer,
encouraged his son to make his home
with Mr. Griswold,
the father of Bishop Griswold, of the
Protestant Epis-
copal Church, in order that he might
study Greek, Latin
and other of the higher branches of
learning. He must
have devoted some attention to applied
mathematics and
theology, as he afterwards became an
expert surveyor
and was ordained to the ministry. While
pursuing his
studies, he spent his evenings in the
establishment of a
clothier and thus acquired a practical
business education
that had much to do with enterprises
undertaken by him
in subsequent years.
At the age of nineteen years, he
married Miss Lucy
Fitch, daughter of John Fitch, the
builder of the first
steam boat - a model of the engine of
which, through
the interest of Colonel Kilbourne's
descendants, is now
in the possession of the Ohio State
Archaeological and
Historical Society. After the death of
his first wife he
married Cynthia, the sister of Dr.
Lincoln Goodall.
At the age of thirty his attention was
attracted to
the opportunities afforded by
emigration to what was
then the far West. He became active in
the organiza-
(22)
Colonel James Kilbourne 23
tion of emigrant companies and was
planning a settle-
ment in the Northwest Territory as soon
as it should
be determined that the state of Ohio,
recently formed,
should be admitted into the Union
without slavery. At
the head of the Scioto Company of forty
members, he
set out for Worthington, the site of
which he had chosen
the previous year. He made the journey
by way of
Pittsburgh, where he purchased
"mill-stones, iron and
other supplies which he sent down the
Ohio to the mouth
of the Scioto River," from which
point they were after-
wards transported by boat to their
destination. He him-
self proceeded overland with a
blacksmith, a millwright
and a few laborers to the site of his
purchase on the
Scioto. By the end of the year the new
settlement had
grown to one hundred persons.
A church was at once organized with
Colonel Kil-
bourne as rector. He entered upon his
ministerial duties
with enthusiasm, serving not only the
little congregation
at Worthington, but preaching in other
settlements and
laying the foundations of what
afterwards became per-
manent church organizations. In 1804 he
retired from
the ministry, but for many years
afterward delivered
occasional sermons.
In 1804 he became a captain of the
frontier militia.
The following year he surveyed the
southern shore of
Lake Erie from Erie County to the
Maumee Rapids and
laid out the town of Sandusky,
believing that it would
become the great port on the southern
border of the
Lake.
He continued his activity in the
organization of
other companies for settlement in Ohio.
From Gran-
ville, Massachusetts, he brought the
colony which settled
at Granville, Ohio.
24
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications
He was, in 1806, made trustee of the
Ohio Univer-
sity at Athens. His interest in the
educational and
moral progress of the communities that
he did so much
to found was further recognized by his
election, in 1807,
to the presidency of St. James
Episcopal Church and
Worthington Academy, both of
Worthington, and his
appointment in the year following as
one of the com-
missioners to select a site for Miami
University.
He was appointed United States
government sur-
veyor of public lands in 1805, a
position which he held
nine years. In 1812 he was appointed by
President
Madison as one of the three
commissioners to establish
the boundary line between the Virginia
Northwestern
Reservation and the United States
public lands. He was
later elected a member of Congress and,
after serving a
term of two years, was re-elected. He
subsequently
served two terms in the General
Assembly of Ohio, one
in 1824 and the other fourteen years
later.
He was famous as a surveyor in the
early history
of the state. It is said that he
surveyed and laid out
fourteen town sites in Ohio. It is
rather remarkable
that none of the biographies that have
come to our
attention, with the exception of the
one published in the
History of Crawford County, makes prominent mention
of him as one of the founders of
Bucyrus.
At the outbreak of the War of 1812,
yielding to the
urgent request of the United States
government, he
undertook to manufacture clothing to
supply the
Western Army. He reminded the President
of the
United States, cabinet officers,
members of Congress
and others who urged him to venture
upon this enter-
prise that men who had undertaken to
supply the sol-
diers in the Revolution by similar
investments of capital
Colonel James Kilbourne 25
were ruined in the undertaking, because
of the failure
of the government to keep its promises.
He was assured
that the result of his effort would be
very different and
that the government would continue a
high protective
tariff on his manufactured goods after
the close of the
war.
According to his own statement, he invested
$10,000 and incurred additional
liabilities amounting to
more than $57,000. The result of his venture
is thus
recorded in his own language:
"Peace came in 1815--no protection
to woolens until
1824-5. I sustained the whole concern,
as did Mr. Wells at
Steubenville, amid enormous losses by
those who owed us and
otherwise, until 1820, when all hope
from government failing,
Steubenville and Worthington factories
were crushed; and your
friend at fifty years of age, with a
family of eight daughters
and four sons, half of them still small
and unprovided for, was
stripped of the last cent he had
accumulated, with tremendous
sacrifices, by the vigorous coercion of
creditors."
While Colonel Kilbourne lost his
fortune in the
manufacturing business, he did not
despair. In his
effort to accumulate a competence for
advancing age,
in his fifty-first year he selected the
site of the city of
Bucyrus and urged Samuel Norton to join
him in laying
out the new town to which he gave the
name whose
origin, even to this day, has puzzled
the etymologist and
historian.
The articles of agreement between
Colonel Kil-
bourne and Samuel Norton for laying out
the town of
Bucyrus bear date of October 4, 1821.
They are pub-
lished in full in the History of
Crawford County, 1881,
in the very satisfactory chapter on
Bucyrus, contributed
by Thomas P. Hopley. These articles of
agreement,
with supplements bearing date of
December 15, 1821,
and February 12, 1822, describe briefly
but clearly the
26
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications
extent of the town and the obligations
of the founders.
Incidentally they show that sometime
between October
6 and December 15, 1821, the town
acquired the name
of Bucyrus.
Colonel Kilbourne was a man of varied
accomplish-
ments for his day. He was soldier,
minister, educator,
congressman and, we are told, a
musician whose songs
delighted companions and audiences.
Someone has said,
half in jest, half in earnest: "Poetry is lies; and it
follows that poets are liars." We
have ample evidence
that Colonel Kilbourne was something of
a poet, but the
famous poem with which he celebrated
Bucyrus, its ad-
vantages and prospects, cannot be thus
criticised. Fol-
lowing is the text of the poem:
BUCYRUS SONG
Ye men of spirit, ardent souls,
Whose hearts are firm and hands are
strong,
Whom generous enterprise controls,
Attend! and truth shall guide my song.
I'll tell you how Bucyrus, now
Just rising, like the star of morn,
Surrounded stands by fertile lands,
On clear Sandusky's rural bourn.
In these wide regions, known to fame,
Which freedom proudly calls her own;
Where free-born men the heathen tame,
And spurning kings-despise a throne.
No lands more blest, in all the West,
Are seen whichever way you turn,
Than those around Bucyrus, found
On clear Sandusky's rural bourn.
The river valley, rich and green,
Far as the power of sight extends,
Presents a splendid rural scene,
Which not the distant landscape ends.
Colonel James Kilbourne 27
The bordering plain spreads like the
main,
Where native fruits its sides adorn,
And nearly join the margin line
Along Sandusky's rural bourn.
First, Norton and the Beadles came,
With friends (an enterprising band);
Young and McMichael, men of fame,
Soon joined the others, hand in hand;
By various plans t' improve the lands,
They early rise with every morn,
Near where the town Bucyrus sands,
All on Sandusky's rural bourn.
There teams of oxen move with pride,
Obedient to their driver's word;
There the strong yeomen firmly guide
The ploughs which cleave and turn the
sward,
The dales around, with herds abound,
The fields luxuriant are with corn,
Near where the town Bucyrus stands,
All on Sandusky's rural bourn.
Rich meadows there, extending far,
By nature for the scythe prepared,
And boundless pasture everywhere,
Is free for all and ev'ry herd.
The deep'ning mold, some hundred fold,
Rewards with flax and wheat and corn,
Those who with toil excite the soil,
Along Sandusky's rural bourn.
In seasons mild their forests wild,
Through hills and valleys widely spread,
The streamlets glide from ev'ry side,
Concent'ring to their common bed;
Thence, fed by springs which nature
brings,
O'erhung by plum-tree, elm and thorn,
Winds on the stream, with dazzling
gleam,
Along Sandusky's rural bourn.
When gath'ring vapors dim the sky,
And clouds condensed, their treasures
pour;
When show'rs descend, and lightnings
rend
The heavens above, and thunders roar;
28
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications
When growing rills the valley fills;
When gentle brooks to rivers turn;
Then moves with pride, the swelling
tide,
Along Sandusky's rural bourn.
There youths and maids along the glades,
Are often seen in walks around,
Where flowers in prime, in vernal time,
And where, in Autumn, fruits are found,
With manly face, with dimpling grace,
Give, and receive kind words in turn -
In roseate bowers, where fragrant
flowers,
O'erspread Sandusky's rural bourn.
Then, here, my friend, your search may
end,
For here's a country to your mind,
And here's a town your hopes may crown,
As those who try it soon shall find.
Here fountains flow, mild zephyrs blow,
While health and pleasure smile each
morn
For all, around Bucyrus found,
On fair Sandusky's rural bourn.
Colonel Kilbourne knew how to make his
poetry
subserve practical business purposes.
When he had
platted the town and offered the lots
for sale at public
auction he read this song. Some say he
sang it, which is
more than probable. The poem is a
complete refutation
of the charge that all poets are
prevaricators; for what-
ever else may be said of the old
ballad, it does include
much truthful description of Bucyrus
and the surround-
ing country. After the rendition of the
song, we are
told, the sale of lots was lively. Here
we certainly have
a unique instance of the use of poetry
in the promotion
of real estate enterprise.
Colonel Kilbourne's relation to the
founding of
Bucyrus was an altogether fortunate and
happy one.
No disagreements are reported between
him and his
partner, Samuel Norton. His business transactions
Colonel James Kilbourne 29
were honorable and satisfactory in
every way, and he
managed, partly through this
enterprise, to regain a
modest fortune. While he did not make
his permanent
home in the new town, he was a frequent
visitor there
while he lived and was always greeted
with manifesta-
tions of appreciation.
Many of Colonel Kilbourne's descendants
are living
in Ohio, and through the past century
they have fully
sustained the high reputation of this
pioneer ancestor.
They have attained prominence in civic
and industrial
affairs and in all our wars have
followed the flag of the
Republic.
Perhaps the most prominently known of
his de-
scendants was his grandson and
namesake, Colonel
James Kilbourne, a graduate from Kenyon
College, who
served with distinction through the
Civil War, after-
ward graduating from the law school of
Harvard Uni-
versity and later founding the
Kilbourne and Jacobs
Manufacturing Company, one of the
largest concerns
of its kind in the entire country and
at present one of the
chief industrial establishments of our
capital city. Since
his death his son, James R. Kilbourne,
has directed the
affairs of this company.
Colonel Kilbourne, the founder of
Worthington and
joint founder of Bucyrus, when he
reached manhood's
estate became an ardent Whig and was
identified with
that party until the time of his death.
In 1840, at
Columbus, he presided over the famous
Whig conven-
tion which nominated William Henry
Harrison for the
presidency.
Colonel Kilbourne had hoped that Worthington
might be chosen as the seat of
government for Ohio.
He worked industriously to accomplish
this desire but
30 Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications was disappointed, the Legislature deciding by a single vote in favor of Columbus. He was also disappointed, as we have seen, in the failure of the government to extend to his manufacturing interests the protection that had been assured him when, at great sacrifice he manufactured clothing for the Western Army in the War of 1812. These disappointments, however, did not chill the fervor of his attachment to the state and nation. In spite of financial reverses he regained a respectable fortune, lived to see a number of the towns that he had platted develop with the growth of the state and died full of honors and respected by all who knew him, April 9, 1850. |
|
COLONEL JAMES KILBOURNE
BY C. B. GALBREATH
Colonel James Kilbourne, one of the
founders of
Bucyrus, was a prominent pioneer of
Ohio. He was
born at New Britain, Connecticut,
October 19, 1770. He
was descended from an ancient Scottish
family, but his
ancestors for many years had lived in
England before
emigrating to America. His father, who
was a farmer,
encouraged his son to make his home
with Mr. Griswold,
the father of Bishop Griswold, of the
Protestant Epis-
copal Church, in order that he might
study Greek, Latin
and other of the higher branches of
learning. He must
have devoted some attention to applied
mathematics and
theology, as he afterwards became an
expert surveyor
and was ordained to the ministry. While
pursuing his
studies, he spent his evenings in the
establishment of a
clothier and thus acquired a practical
business education
that had much to do with enterprises
undertaken by him
in subsequent years.
At the age of nineteen years, he
married Miss Lucy
Fitch, daughter of John Fitch, the
builder of the first
steam boat - a model of the engine of
which, through
the interest of Colonel Kilbourne's
descendants, is now
in the possession of the Ohio State
Archaeological and
Historical Society. After the death of
his first wife he
married Cynthia, the sister of Dr.
Lincoln Goodall.
At the age of thirty his attention was
attracted to
the opportunities afforded by
emigration to what was
then the far West. He became active in
the organiza-
(22)