Ohio History Journal

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NOTES

NOTES

 

VALLANDIGHAM AS AN EXILE

 

1. Daily Globe (Toronto), May 7, 26, 1863; Daily Leader (Toronto), May 15, 19, 27,

1863; Quebec Morning Chronicle, July 11, 1863.

The author wishes to extend his thanks to the American Philosophical Society for a

grant-in-aid which subsidized a research trip to Windsor, Toronto, and Ottawa in

Canada as well as to a score of United States libraries. This article dealing with Vallan-

digham's stay in Canada is a companion to one entitled "Clement L. Vallandigham's

Exile in the Confederacy, May 15-June 17, 1863" which appeared in the Journal of

Southern History, XXXI (1965), 149-163.

2. The Novascotian (Halifax), July 1, 3, 1863; Montreal Gazette, July 21, 1863.

3. Clement L. Vallandigham to H. M. Philips, October 24, 1863, Simon Gratz Papers,

Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; The Novascotian, July 13, 1863; Mon-

treal Gazette, July 21, 1863.

4. Melville M. Jackson to William H. Seward, July 7, 1863. Consulate Files, State

Department Records, National Archives.

5. The Novascotian, July 13, 1863.

6. Telegram, Charles S. Ogden to Seward, July 13, 1863. William H. Seward Papers,

Rush Rhees Library, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.

7. Edward W. Watkin, Canada and Her States: Recollections, 1851-1866 (London,

1887), 454-455; Quebec Mercury, July 13, 1863 (clipping), attached to letter, Ogden to

Seward, July 15, 1863, Seward Papers; Montreal Gazette, July 16, 1863.

8. Watkin, Canada and Her States, 455; Ogden to Seward, July 15, 1863, Seward

Papers.

9. Quoted in Watkin, Canada and Her States, 455.

10. The Quebec Mercury (July 13, 1863) and Ogden, the United States consul, both

reported that Vallandigham left Quebec via a special train, a favor of Brydges and

Watkin. On the other hand, Watkin later wrote that Vallandigham "accepted a free pass

to Niagara." He should know. Another passenger, who accompanied Vallandigham part

of the way on the cars (reported in the Buffalo Commercial Advertiser, July 14, 1863),

would seem to support Watkin's contention. Ogden was a most inept reporter. He even

credited William Walker, who had died two months earlier, with being at the dinner

for Vallandigham given at the Stadacona clubhouse. Robin W. Winks, Canada and the

United States: The Civil War Years (Baltimore, 1960), 143, stated that Vallandigham

traveled to Niagara Falls in "a special coach" rather than a special train. Winks also

had the deceased Walker attending the dinner.

11. The Witness (Montreal), December 30, 1861.

12. Report, Joshua R. Giddings to Seward, October 13, 1863. Consulate Files, State

Department Records.

13. Quebec Morning Chronicle, July 11, 1863; Le Journal de Quebec, July 16, 1863.

14. Daily Globe, July 15, 1863.

15. Hamilton Times, July 13, 1863, quoted in Sarnia Observer, July 17, 1863.

16. Daily Globe, November 20, 27, 1862; Harry C. Allen, Great Britain and the United

States (New York, 1955), 483; Ephraim D. Adams, Great Britain and the American

Civil War (Gloucester, Mass., 1957), II, 114-115; Winks, Canada and the United States:

The Civil War Years, 125.

17. John Sandfield Macdonald formed a Liberal administration, which took office on

May 24, 1862. Louis V. Sicotte led the moderate Liberals as attorney general, holding

a post in the cabinet and having Thomas D'Arcy McGee (of Montreal West) as an

associate. Near the close of the session of the seventh parliament, after the Macdonald

government failed to get a majority vote on the second reading of the militia bill, G. E.

Cartier and John A. Macdonald introduced a "no confidence" motion in the legislative

assembly, and the motion carried by a 64 to 59 vote.

18. Many historians (e.g., Winks, 143) have stated that Vallandigham also received

a public reception in Montreal, but the evidence fails to substantiate that contention.

Even James L. Vallandigham, A Life of Clement L. Vallandigham (Baltimore, 1872),

316, credits the Stadacona Club dinner to Montreal rather than Quebec. The American

consul general in Montreal made no mention of Vallandigham stopping over in the

city--had Vallandigham been given a public dinner the consul would have known it.

Nor do the Montreal newspapers bear out the story that Montreal citizens feted

Vallandigham.

19. St. Catharines Evening Journal, July 15, 1863; Daily Leader, July 16, 17, 1863;

Buffalo Morning Courier, July 10, 17, 1863; Buffalo Commercial Advertiser, July 16,

1863.

20. Buffalo Morning Courier, July 17, 1863; Anson Stager to Edwin M. Stanton,

July 15, 1863, in The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the