THE WRITING OF HISTORY IN OHIO,
1935-1945
By FRANCIS P. WEISENBURGER
Ten years ago, in recognition of the
50th anniversary of the
organization of the Ohio State
Archaeological and Historical So-
ciety, an endeavor was made by the
present writer to summarize
what had been accomplished in Ohio in
the field of historical
writing during that half century of the
life of the Society (1885-
1935).1 Now, at the end of another
decade, it seems fitting to
carry through the past ten years the
account of the contributions
to the work of the historical profession
by Ohioans residing in
the State.
The publications of the Ohio State
Archaeological and His-
torical Society continue to be of
primary importance. The Quar-
terly under the editorship of Harlow Lindley has maintained
un-
usually high standards in its field.
Articles by Henry C. Shet-
rone, Emerson F. Greenman, Richard G.
Morgan, H. Holmes
Ellis, and George W. Brainerd have
contributed to an under-
standing of the archaeological
background of the State's history.
Other contributors have naturally
included those of persons with
a special interest and knowledge
relating to particular localities.
Among these may be mentioned a study by
Helen M. Dudley of
the controversial question, "The
Origin of the Name of the Town
of Worthington,"2 one by Francis P.
Weisenburger on "Defiance
in History,"3 and that by William
J. McNiff of Miami University
on "The Kirtland Phase of
Mormonism."4 An informative study
of "The People of Ohio's First
County [Washington]"5 is con-
tributed by Wayne Jordan, a graduate of
Marietta College. Mrs.
Alta Harvey Heiser is the author of
"A Printer's Troubles: Ox-
ford, Ohio, during the Eighteen
Thirties."6
Articles in the Quarterly of
interest to the student of biog-
raphy include: "General Simon
Kenton";7 "Joseph Hough, an
1 Francis P. Weisenburger, "A Half
Century of the Writing of History in Ohio,"
The Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Quarterly,
XLIV (1935), 326-52.
2 Ibid., LII (1943), 248-59.
3 Ibid., L (1941), 65-70.
4 Ibid., L (1941), 261-8.
5 Ibid., XLIX (1940), 326-52.
6 Ibid., XLVII (1938),
40-58.
7 Albert L. Slager in ibid., XLV
(1936), 46-67.
230
HISTORY WRITING IN OHIO 231
Early Miami Merchant";8 "Major
George W. Rue, the Captor of
General John Morgan";9 "Joseph
Ray";10 "Samuel Medary, Jour-
nalist and Politician,
1801-1864";11 "William Dean Howells and
the Ashtabula Sentinel";12
"America's First Woman Mayor";13
"Reminiscences of a Surveyor";14 "Summary
of the Manuscript
Recollections of Milo G. Williams";15 "Captain
Hyatt: Being
Letters Written During the Years
1863-1864 to His Wife";16
and "The Roush Family in the Making
of America."17
Persons now or formerly on the staff of
the Society who
have presented articles relating to
research and bibliographical
matters include: Bertha E. Josephson;18 K. William McKinley;19
Clarence L. Weaver and Helen M. Mills;20 and William D.
Over-
man.21 Other articles by those now of
the personnel of the So-
ciety include those by Harlow Lindley,
"John Lewis Roth,"
"Friends and the Shawnee Indians at
Wapakoneta," "Thomas
Beals, First Friends Minister in
Ohio" and "A State Motto";22
those by Henry C. Shetrone, "The
Grant Cabin," and "Caleb
Atwater";23 and two by James H.
Rodabaugh, "Miami Univer-
sity, Calvinism and the Anti-Slavery
Movement" and "The Re-
form
Movement in Ohio at the Turn of the Century."24 A his-
tory of "The Historical and
Philosophical Society of Ohio"25 was
contributed by Lee Shepard of that
Cincinnati society and a his-
tory of "The Western Reserve
Historical Society"26 by Elbert
J. Benton, secretary of the latter
organization.
Faculty members of the various colleges
and universities in
the State have been the authors of many
other articles in the
8 Rev.
P. Pierce Beaver in ibid., XLV (1936), 37-45.
9 William Marion Miller in ibid., L
(1941), 130-4.
10 Jerry Dennis in ibid., XLVI
(1937), 42-50.
11 Helen P. Dorn in ibid., LIII
(1944), 14-38.
12 Edwin H. Cady in ibid., LIII
(1944), 39-51.
13 Alfred H. Mitchell
in ibid., LIII (1944), 52-3.
14 James T. Weed in ibid., XLV
(1936), 151-60.
15 Florence Murdoch in ibid., LIV
(1945), 113-26.
16 Edited by Hudson Hyatt in ibid., LIII
(1944), 166-183.
17 Rev. Lester Le Roy Roush in ibid.,
XLV (1936), 197-239.
18 "Critical Investigation versus
Careless Presentation," in ibid., XLVII (1938),
243-6, and other articles on
"Documentary Data," as e.g. LIV (1945), 56-62, 328-30.
19 Ibid., XLVI (1937), 1-15.
20 Ibid., XLV (1936), 95-150.
21 XLVIII (1939), 329-337.
22 XLIV (1935), 250-7; LIV (1945), 33-9; LIII (1944),
55-60; LIII (1944), 160-5.
23 XLVII (1937), 103-4; LIV (1945), 79-88.
24 XLVIII (1937), 66-73; LIV (1945), 46-55.
25 LIV (1945), 89-95.
26 LIV (1945), 96-103.
232
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
Quarterly. Thus, Harold J. Grimm, Charles M. Thomas, Walter
L. Dorn, and Francis P. Weisenburger of
Ohio State University;
Harold E. Davis of Hiram College; Harvey
A. DeWeerd, then
of Denison University; Paul F.
Bloomhardt of Wittenberg Col-
lege; Thomas N. Hoover of Ohio
University; K. C. Leebrick,
then president of Kent State University;
and Raymond D. Cahall
of Kenyon College, all have presented
papers that were originally
given at the annual meetings of the Ohio
Academy of History.
Other articles by faculty members
include: Carl Wittke of Oberlin
College, "The Ohio-Michigan
Boundary Dispute Re-examined,"
and "Good Will on Ancient
Battlegrounds";27 Harlan H.
Hatcher
of Ohio State University, "The
Historical Opportunities Offered
through the Writers' Project";28
Robert S. Fletcher of Oberlin
College, "Oberlin and
Co-education" and "Bread and Doctrine at
Oberlin;"29 Fred B. Joyner of
Miami University, "William
Cortenus Schenck, Pioneer and Statesman
of Ohio";30 Philip
D. Jordan of Miami University and
Charles M. Thomas of Ohio
State University, editors,
"Reminiscences of an Ohio Volun-
teer";31 Harold E. Davis
of Hiram College, "Economic Basis of
Ohio Politics, 1820-1840";32
Benjamin H. Pershing of Witten-
berg College, "A Surveyor on the Seven Ranges";33 the late
Henry F. Walradt of Ohio State
University, "The Debt of Ohio
from 1900 to 1938 Inclusive";34 Frederick C.
Waite of Western
Reserve University, "Sources of the
Names of the Counties of
the Western Reserve";35 William M.
Miller of Miami University,
"An Unrecorded Incident of Morgan's
Raid";36 Edward C.
Reilley of John Carroll University,
"Politico-Economic Considera-
tions in the Western Reserve's Early
Slavery Controversy";37
Robert L. Jones of Marietta College,
"A History of Local Agri-
cultural Societies in Ohio to
1865," and "Special Crops in Ohio
27 Ibid., XLV (1936), 299-319; L (1941), 15-26.
28 XLVII (1938), 246-247.
29 XLVII (1938), 1-19; XLIX (1940), 58-67.
30 XLVII (1938), 363-71.
31 XLVIII (1939), 304-23.
32 XLVII (1938), 288-318.
33 XLVI (1937), 257-70.
34 LI (1942), 219-32.
35 XLVIII (1939), 58-65.
36 LIV (1945), 169-170.
37 LII (1943), 141-57.
HISTORY WRITING IN OHIO 233
before 1850";38 six
articles, by Robert Price of Ohio State
University, including "The Ohio
Anti-Slavery Convention of
1836" and "Further Notes on
Granville's Anti-Abolition Dis-
turbances of 1836";39 and William
H. Hildreth also of Ohio State
University, "Timothy Flint and
James Flint."40
Contributions of former faculty members
to the Quarterly
include: George W. Rightmire, former
president of Ohio State
University, "Ohio in McGuffey's
Time";41 Caroline M. Zimmer-
man, formerly of Wittenberg
College, "Echoes out of the
Past";42 and John H. Cramer, previously
of Western Reserve
University, "Lincoln in
Ohio."43
Wives of college faculty members have
also been active con-
tributors. Mrs. Josephine E. Phillips, wife of a professor at
Marietta College, is the author of four
articles, including "James
Backus: Citizen of Marietta,
1788-1791" and "Ohio's Deep Roots
in Connecticut."44 Mrs.
Ophia D. Smith, wife of Professor
William E. Smith of Miami University, is
the author of "Edgar
Stillman-Kelley, Ohio Composer" and
"Adam Hurdus and the
Swedenborgians in Early
Cincinnati."45
Other articles in the Quarterly are
the result of research,
which was part of the requirement for
the Ph.D. degree at Ohio
State University. These include: Edgar B. Nixon, "The
Zoar
Society: Applicants for
Membership";46 Clarence H. Cramer,
"Duncan McArthur: First Phase,
1772-1812" and "Duncan Mc-
Arthur, The Military Phase";47 Alfred B.
Sears, "The Political
Philosophy of Arthur St. Clair";48 and W. Sherman
Savage, "The
Origin of the Giddings
Resolutions."49
Other articles in the Quarterly are
by former students in Ohio
colleges and universities and include:
Russel B. Nye ( a graduate
38 LII (1943), 120-40; LIV (1945),
127-42.
39 XLV (1936), 173-188; XLV (1936),
365-8; Price's other articles are in ibid.,
XLV (1936), 265-72; XLVIII (1939),
20-21; LI (1942), 195-202; LIV (1945), 40-5.
40 LIII (1944), 390.
41 L (1941), 115-129.
42 LIV (1945), 143-48.
43 LIV (1945), 149-68.
44 XLV (1936), 161-72; XLVIII (1939), 74-82. Mrs. Phillips' other articles are in
XLVI (1937), 16-24 and XLVII (1938), 59-68.
45 XLIX (1940), 68-77; LIII (1944),
106-134.
46 XLV (1936), 341-50.
47 XLV (1936), 27-36; XLVI (1937), 128-47.
48 XLIX (1940), 41-57.
49 XLVII (1938), 20-39.
234 OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
of Oberlin), "Mark Twain in
Oberlin" and "Judge Tourgee and
Reconstruction";50 Elmer E. Noyes
(graduate student at Ohio
State), "Columbus: Ohio's
Capital";51 Paul R. Grim (graduate
student at Ohio State), "The Rev.
John Rankin, Early Abolition-
ist";52 Lee Newcomer (graduate
student at Ohio State), "Con-
struction of the Wabash and Erie
Canal";53 Edward W. Shunk
(graduate student at Ohio State),
"Ohio in Africa";54 W. Edson
Richmond (assistant in English at Ohio
State), "Place-Names in
Franklin County, Ohio";55 two by
Harry R. Stevens (graduate
student at the University of
Cincinnati), "A Study of Notable
Ohioans" and "The Haydn
Society of Cincinnati";56 and Ran-
dolph C. Downes (Ph.D. from Ohio State),
"Ohio Population
Trends, 1920-1940."57
The Quarterly has also made
important contributions to an
understanding of immigrant groups in
Ohio. John I. Kolehmainen
(Ph.D. from Western Reserve University)
is the author of two
articles, "Finnish Newspapers in
Ohio" and "The Founding of the
Finnish Settlements in
Ohio."58 Wellington G. Fordyce
(M.A.
from Ohio State) is the author of four
articles on immigrant
colonies, nationality groups, immigrant
institutions, and attempts
to preserve national cultures in
Cleveland.59
Wilber Stout, State Geologist, has
continued his studies of the
iron industry with an article,
"Early Forges in Ohio."60 Some
very neglected phases of Ohio's social
history, moreover, are dis-
cussed in many articles dealing with the
history of medicine, den-
tistry, and nursing in the State.61
To this series Philip D. Jordan
of Miami University has contributed five
articles; Jonathan For-
man of the College of Medicine of Ohio
State University, five
50 XLVII (1938), 69-73; L (1940), 101-14.
51 LII (1943), 72-94.
52 XLVI (1937) 215-56.
53 XLVI (1937), 199-207.
54 LI (1942), 79-88.
55 LIII (1944), 135-159.
56 XLVII (1938), 159-67; LII (1943),
120-40.
57 LI (1942), 219-32.
58 XLVII (1938), 123-8; XLIX (1940), 150-9. Mr.
Kolehmainen also wrote "The
Finnish Pioneers of Minnesota," for Minnesota
History (XXV, 1945), 317-28.
59 XLV (1936), 320-40; XLVI (1937), 109-27;
XLVII (1938), 87-103; XLIX
(1940), 128-49.
60 XLVI (1937), 25-41.
61 XLVIII (1939), 181-256; XLIX (1940), 315-397; L
(1941), 305-387;
LI (1942), 250-340; LII (1943), 307-372; LIII (1944),
303-389.
HISTORY WRITING IN OHIO 235
articles; Robert G. Paterson, Director
of the Ohio Public Health
Association, five articles; Edward C.
Mills, Editor of the Journal
of the Ohio State Dental Society, four
articles; Donald D. Shira,
Assistant Director of the Ohio Public
Health Association, three
articles; Howard Dittrick, Curator of
the Museum of Historical
and Cultural Medicine (at Cleveland),
three articles; David A.
Tucker, Jr., Professor at the University
of Cincinnati School of
Medicine, three articles; Adolph E.
Waller of the botany depart-
ment of Ohio State University, three
articles; Frederick C. Waite,
formerly Professor at the Western
Reserve University School of
Medicine, two articles; and single
articles by Dr. Leon Goldman,
Dr. Russell L. Haden, Dr. Ralph Taylor,
Dr. E. W. Mitchell, Dr.
George M. Curtis, James J. Tyler, John
F. Cunningham, Dr.
Chester S. Szubiski, Miss Anne L.
Austin, and Dr. Lucy Stone
Hertzog.
Additional articles in the Quarterly include:
Hermina Sugar,
"The Role of Women in the
Settlement of the Western Re-
serve";62 Alice M. Ruggles,
"Unpublished Letters of Dr. Daniel
Drake,"63 and "A Buckeye
Boarding-School in 1821";64 George
Nelson Hinds, "Squaw Trail";65
Mary M. Jones, "The Order of
the Purple Heart";66 and Lucille B.
Emch, "Ohio in Short Stories,
1824-1839."67
Other periodicals, of course, have also
benefitted by the con-
tributions of Ohio historians. Thus, the
American Historical
Review has contained "The Clayton-Bulwer Treaty"68
by George
F. Howe of the University of Cincinnati;
"The American
Churches and the Mexican War"69 by
Clayton S. Ellsworth of
the College of Wooster; and "Why
the March to Concord?"70 by
John R. Alden of Bowling Green State
University.
The Mississippi Valley Historical
Review has published the
following from the pens of Ohioans:
Francis P. Weisenburger,
62 XLVI (1937), 51-67.
63 XLIX (1940), 191-212.
64 LIII (1944), 251-68.
65 XLIX (1940), 78-83.
66 LII (1943), 65-71.
67 LIII (1944), 209-50.
68 XLII (1936-7), 484-90.
69 XLV (1939-40), 301-26.
70 XLIX (1943-4), 446-54.
236 OHIO
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
"The Middle Western Antecedents of
Woodrow Wilson";71
Clarence E. Carter (on leave from Miami
University), "The
United States and Documentary Historical
Publications" and
"William Henry Harrison and the
Mexican Appointment, 1823-
1824";72 Philip D. Jordan of Miami University, "Humor of
the
Backwoods, 1820-1840";73 Eugene H.
Roseboom of the Ohio
State University, "Salmon P. Chase
and the Know Nothings";74
Clarence P. Gould, then of Kenyon
College, "Trade between the
Windward Islands and the Continental
Colonies of the French
Empire, 1683-1763";75 Henry M.
Dater of Kent State College,
"Albert Gallatin--Land
Speculator";76 Carl Wittke of Oberlin,
"The American Theme in Continental
European Literature";77
Arthur C. Cole, then of Western Reserve
University, "The Puritan
and Fair Terpsichore";78 and Norval N.
Luxon of the School of
Journalism at Ohio State, "H.
Niles, The Man and the Editor."79
Curtis W. Garrison of the Hayes Memorial
edited, "Conversations
with Hayes: A Biographer's Notes."80 Contributions
to the
Review by Paul I. Miller, "Lincoln and the Governorship
of
Oregon,"81 and by George W. Auxier,
"Middle Western News-
papers and the Spanish-American War,
1895-1898,"82 were
products of research done at the Ohio
State University. Philip D.
Jordan (of Miami) and Clayton S.
Ellsworth (of the College of
Wooster) also contributed to the
Teachers' Section of the Review,
and Francis P. Weisenburger, George F.
Howe, and Philip D.
Jordan presented articles on the annual
meetings of the
Association.
In the Journal of Modern History the
following contributions
by Ohioans appeared: Frederick B. Artz
of Oberlin College,
"European Civilization, 1815-1850:
Some Unfinished Business";83
71 XXIII (1936-7), 375-90.
72 XXV (1938-9), 3-24 and 251-62.
73 XXV (1938-9), 25-38.
74 XXV (1938-9), 335-50.
75 XXV (1938-9), 473-90.
76 XXVI (1939-40), 21-38.
77 XXVIII
(1941-2), 3-26.
78 XXIX (1942-3), 3-24.
79 XXVIII (1941-2), 27-40.
80 XXV (1938-9), 369-80.
81 XXIII (1936-7), 391-4.
82 XXVI
(1939-40), 523-4.
83 IX (1937), 304-13.
HISTORY WRITING IN OHIO 237
Harry Jewell Sarkiss of Findlay College,
"The Armenian Renais-
sance, 1500-1863";84 Harold W. Landin of Ohio State University,
ed., "Some Letters of Thomas Paine
and William Short on the
Nootka Sound Crisis";85 Sydney N. Fisher of Ohio State, "Civil
Strife in the Ottoman Empire, 1481-1503";86 Harold E. Davis of
Hiram College, ed., "The
Citizenship of Jon Perdicaris";87 C.
William Vogel of the University of
Cincinnati, "The Holstein
Enigma: A Reappraisal of Its Origins";88 Anatole G.
Mazour,
then of Miami University, "Modern
Russian Historiography";89
and J. H. Hexter of the University of
Cincinnati, "The Protestant
Pevival and the Catholic Question in
England, 1778-1829."90
During this period the Bulletin of
the Historical Society of
Northwestern Ohio was greatly improved
under the managing
editorship (1942-45) of Curtis W.
Garrison, and after January,
1944, appeared
under the title, Northwest Ohio Quarterly: A
Journal of History and Civilization. Among the more important
articles by Ohioans appearing in it
during this time were: Francis
P. Weisenburger, "General Isaac
Sherwood";91 Edward F.
Mohler, "Vignette of a Pioneer, the
Reverend Edward Hannin";92
Russell S. McClure, "The Natural
Gas Era in Northwestern
Ohio";93 James H. Rodabaugh,
"Samuel M. Jones--Evangel of
Equality";94 Silas E. Hurin,
"The Old Central High School of
Toledo";95 Kathryn M. Keller,
"A Tavern Every Mile";96 Howard
C. Perkins, ed., "Northern Ohio
Scene, 1839";97 Harold E. Davis,
"Elisha Whittlesey and Maumee Land
Speculation, 1834-1840";98
Maurer Maurer, "Navigation at the
Foot of the Maumee Rapids,
1815-1845";99 Francis P.
Weisenburger, "Charles Sumner Van
84 IX (1937), 433-8.
85 XIII
(1941), 357-74.
86 XIII (1941), 449-466.
87 XIII
(1941), 517-526.
88 XIV
(1942), 46-63.
89 IX (1937), 169-202.
90 VIII (1936), 297-319.
91 XIV (1942), 42-54.
92 XIV (1942), 70-82.
93 XIV (1942), 83-105.
94 XV (1943), 17-46.
95 XV (1943), 71-6.
96 XV (1943), 195-208.
97 XXV (1943), 209-223.
98 XV
(1943), 139-158.
99 XV (1943), 159-173.
238 OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL
QUARTERLY
Tassell" and "Northwestern
Ohio a Hundred Years Ago";100
Carl B. Spitzer, "Construction and
Physical Appearance of Fort
Miami";101 F. M. Setzler,
"Samuel Crowell's Account of a Seneca
Dog Sacrifice: An Introduction";102 Curtis W.
Garrison, "Presi-
dent Hayes, Opponent of
Prohibition";103 Ethel L. Pound, "Where
Our Heroes Are Buried";104 John Keller, "Findlay's
Interurban
Golden Spike Ceremony";105 and Helen A. McClintock, "Lucy
Elliot Keeler."106
Philip D. Jordan of Miami University
contributed numerous
articles and edited manuscript material
dealing with the activities
of William Salter and the Andover
Missionary group, local West-
ern history, and the work of the
Hutchinson Singers, to the Iowa
Journal of History,l07 the Annals of Iowa,108 the Palimpsest,109
and The Bulletin of the New York
Public Library.110
The Indiana Magazine of History published "The Death of
Nancy Hanks Lincoln,"111 by Philip
D. Jordan, and "The Urbani-
zation of the Middle West,"112 by Francis P.
Weisenburger.
The Journal of Southern History presented the following
articles by Ohioans: Joseph C. Robert
(while an instructor at
Ohio State), "Lee the Farmer";113 Curtis W.
Garrison, ed.,
"Slater Fund Beginnings: Letters
from General Agent Atticus G.
Haygood to Rutherford B. Hayes";114 Randolph C.
Downes
(while associated with the Ohio Writers'
Project), "Creek-Ameri-
can Relations 1790-1795";115 and
Henry H. Simms of Ohio State,
"A Critical Analysis of Abolition
Literature, 1830-1840."116
Robert S. Fletcher of Oberlin College is
the author of "The
First Coeds" in the American
Scholar117 and (with Ernest H.
100 XV (1943), 5-7;
XVI (1944), 12-21.
101 XVI (1944), 112-6.
102 XVI
(1944), 144-6.
103 XVI (1944), 164-177.
104 XVI (1944), 178-86.
105 XVI (1944), 137-43.
106 XVII (1945), 9-37.
107 XXXIII, 99-122, 123-154.
108 Third Series, XIX, 243-266, 363-383,
448-469, 539-553, 592-613; XX, 26-49.
109 XVI, 211-225; XVII, 49-66; XVIII,
145-159.
110 (New York, 1935.)
111 XL, (June, 1944), 103-110.
112 XLI (March, 1945), 19-30.
113 III (1937), 422-40.
114 V (1939), 223-44.
115 VIII (1942), 350-73.
116 VI (1940), 368-82.
117 VII (1938), 78-93.
HISTORY WRITING IN OHIO 239
Wilkins, president of Oberlin College)
"The Beginnings of College
Education for Women and of Co-education
on the College Level"
in the Bulletin of Oberlin College.118
Carl Wittke of Oberlin College has
contributed to other
journals a number of articles dealing
with the foreign-born in
American history. Among such are:
"Freiligrath and Heinzen"
and "Karl Heinzen's Literary
Ambitions";119 and "American
Germans in Two World
Wars,"120 as well as
"German
Immigrants and Their Children";121 and "The German Ameri-
cans."122
Harvey A. DeWeerd (of Denison University
until he as-
sumed other duties at Princeton and in
connection with the
armed services) did much to stimulate an
interest in military
history as editor of the Journal of
the American Military Institute.
To this periodical John S. Hare of Ohio
State University con-
tributed "Military
Punishments in the War of 1812."123
DeWeerd himself wrote ably on matters of
a military nature,
including the volume Great Soldiers
of the Two World Wars
(New York, 1941).
Ohioans have also made numerous
contributions to the later
volumes of the Dictionary of American
Biography, edited by
Dumas Malone and Harris E. Starr. To
volumes XV to XX,
published in 1935-6 and the
supplementary volume (1944), the
following contributors from Ohio may be
noted: Gilbert H.
Barnes, Elbert J. Benton, Beverley W.
Bond, Jr., Henry E.
Bourne, Arthur C. Cole, Randolph C.
Downes, John I. Falconer,
Vergelius Ferm, Robert Fletcher, Curtis
W. Garrison, Charles B.
Galbreath, Walter M. Horton, Philip D.
Jordan, Rhea Mansfield
Knittle, Harlow Lindley, Reginald
McGrane, Benjamin H.
Pershing, Charles S. Plumb, James H.
Rodabaugh, Eugene H.
Roseboom, Henry C. Shetrone, Wilbur H.
Siebert, William E.
Smith, Charles M. Thomas, Alonzo H.
Tuttle, William T. Utter,
118 New Series, 343f.
119 In Monatshefte fur Deutschen Unterricht, XXXIV,
425-35; XXXVII (Feb.,
1945).
120 Wisconsin Magazine of History, XXVII
(1943-4), 6-16.
121 Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science, 223 (1942),
85-91.
122 Common Ground, I (1941), 8-17.
123 IV (1940), 225-39.
240
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
Albert T. Volwiler, Francis P.
Weisenburger, and Carl Wittke.
Similarly scholars in Ohio have done
their part in pre-
paring articles for the Dictionary of
American History, edited
by James Truslow Adams (5 vols., New
York, 1940). Ohioans
contributing to this work include:
Francis R. Aumann, Gilbert
H. Barnes, Elbert J. Benton, Wilfred E.
Binkley, Beverley W.
Bond, Jr., Henry G. Bourne,
Arthur C. Cole, Harold E. Davis,
Harvey A. DeWeerd, Randolph C. Downes,
Foster Rhea Dulles,
Clayton S. Ellsworth, Lawrence F. Hill,
Theodore N. Hoover,
Fred B. Joyner, Harlow Lindley, Arthur
E. Morgan, A. Sellew
Roberts, Eugene H. Roseboom, Henry C.
Shetrone, Wilbur H.
Siebert, Charles M. Thomas, Harvey
Walker, and Albert T.
Volwiler.
Francis P. Weisenburger also helped in
the preparing of
historical data for the maps in the Atlas
of American History,
James Truslow Adams, editor (New York,
1943).
The Federal Writers' Program in Ohio
(1936-1939; then
Ohio Writers' Program, 1940-1943) compiled
indexes for Akron,
Cleveland, Cincinnati and Dayton
newspapers and produced
almost a score of guides for various
parts of the State. Among
the latter may be noted: The Ohio
Guide (New York, 1940);
Chillicothe, Ohio's First Capital (Chillicothe, 1941); Cincinnati:
A Guide to the Queen City and Its
Neighbors (Cincinnati, 1943);
Lake County History (Mentor, 1941); Westerville in the Ameri-
can Tradition (Columbus, 1940); Bryan and Williams County
(Gallipolis, 1941); Fremont and
Sandusky County (1940);
Gallipolis (Gallipolis, 1940); Urbana and Champaign County
(Urbana, 1942); and Warren and
Trumbull County (1938)
Publications of the Historical Records
Survey in Ohio include.
A Check List of Ohio Imprints,
1796-1820 (Columbus, 1941);
Historic Sites of Cleveland: Hotels and Taverns (Columbus,
1942); Inventory of
Business Records. The D. Connelly Boiler
Company. The J. B. Savage Company (Cleveland, 1941); Inven-
tory of the County Archives of Ohio (Columbus, 1937-, for 28
counties); Inventory of the Municipal Archives of Ohio
(Columbus, 1939-, 3 volumes on
Cleveland); Inventory of the
HISTORY WRITING IN OHIO 241
State Archives of Ohio (Columbus, 1940-, 1 volume on Secretary
of State); and Inventory of Federal
Archives in the States
(Columbus, 1937-, 8 volumes on Ohio of
17 proposed).
The late Senator Simeon D. Fess edited a
publication en-
titled Ohio: A Four-Volume Reference
Library (Chicago, 1937),
and two popular one-volume accounts of
the State's history
were issued: David E. Crouse, The
Ohio Gateway (New York,
1938) and David W. Bowman, Pathway of
Progress: A Short
History of Ohio (Cincinnati, 1943). Harlan H. Hatcher wrote
The Buckeye Country: A Pageant of
Ohio (New York, 1940).
Two volumes telling the story of the
Great Lakes contain
material relating to northern Ohio:
Walter Havighurst (of
Miami University, The Long Ships
Passing: the Story of the
Great Lakes (New York, 1942), and Hatcher, The Great Lakes
(New York, 1944).
A number of volumes of local history
were published. One
of the best is Stories of Guernsey
County, Ohio: History of an
Average Ohio County (Cambridge, Ohio, 1943), by William G.
Wolfe, superintendent of the Guernsey
County schools, 1914-35.
A member of the noted Longworth family
wrote an account
of the city of her girlhood, Clara
Longworth DeChambrun,
Cincinnati: Story of the Queen City (New York, 1939), and
Burton P. Porter wrote of the "Old
Canal Days" especially around
Canal Fulton (1942). Mrs. Ophia D. Smith
has written Old
Oxford Houses (Oxford, Ohio, 1941).
But, incomparably the outstanding work
in relation to the
history of Ohio has been the publication
of the monumental six-
volume, History of the State of Ohio,
edited by Carl Wittke,
(Columbus, 1941-44). The series consists
of Volume I, The
Foundations of Ohio, by Beverley W. Bond, Jr., University of
Cincinnati; Volume II, The Frontier
State, 1800-1825, by
William
T. Utter, Denison University; Volume
III, The Passing of the
Frontier, 1825-1850, by Francis P. Weisenburger, Ohio State
University; Volume IV, The Civil War
Era, 1850-1873, by
Eugene H. Roseboom, Ohio State
University; Volume V, Ohio
Comes of Age: 1873-1900, by Philip D.
Jordan, Miami Univer-
sity; and Volume VI, Ohio in the
Twentieth Century, planned
242 OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL
QUARTERLY
and edited by Harlow Lindley, and
including contributions by
Harlan H. Hatcher, James E. Pollard,
Mrs. J. E. Clark, Mrs.
Raymond Osburn, B. H. Pershing, John M.
Weed, J. I. Falconer,
Francis R. Aumann, Frank T. Carlton,
Virgil Willit, H. Clyde
Hubbart, Paul B. Sears, J. Otis Garber,
William D. Overman,
and Harlow Lindley.
To the Ohio Historical Collections series,
published from
time to time by the Ohio State
Archaeological and Historical So-
ciety, a number of volumes have been
added, including the follow-
ing by these Ohio residents: Volume V.
Carl Wittke, German-
Americans in the World War, with
Special Emphasis on Ohio's
German-Language Press (Columbus, 1936); Volume VI, Mrs.
Ophia D. Smith, The Life and Times
of Giles Richards (1820-
60) (Columbus,
1936); Volume VIII,
Allen E. Ragan
(Ph. D. from Ohio State University), Chief
Justice Taft
(Columbus, 1938); Volume X, Frank H.
Rowe, History of the
Iron and Steel Industry in Scioto
County, Ohio (Columbus,
1938); and Volume XI, Harlow Lindley,
ed., Captain Cushing
in the War of 1812 (Columbus, 1944).
For the Ohio State University
Studies, Graduate School
Series, Contributions in History and
Political Science, Francis P.
Weisenburger wrote The Life of John
McLean, A Politician on
the United States Supreme Court (Columbus, 1937) and Francis
R. Aumann, Changing American Legal
System (Columbus, 1940).
For the Ohio State University,
Journalism Series, Jesse J. Cur-
rier wrote The Beginnings of Ohio
Journalism: Newspapers of
the Territorial Period (Columbus, 1942).
Among publications from the Mississippi
Valley Press at
Oxford, Ohio, under the editorship of
Philip D. Jordan of Miami
University and Charles M. Thomas of
Ohio State University are
the following: Jordan, William Salter: Western Torchbearer
(Men of America Series, 1939); Thomas, Thomas Riley Mar-
shall: Hoosier Statesman (Men of
America Series, 1939); Wil-
liam J. McNiff of Miami University, Heaven
on Earth, A Planned
Mormon Society (Annals of America, 1940); Huntley Dupre
(Ph.D. from Ohio State), Lazare Carnot: Republican Patriot
HISTORY WRITING IN OHIO 243
(Foundation Studies in Culture, 1940); Alta Harvey Heiser,
Quaker Lady: The Story of Charity
Lynch (Annals of America,
1941), and Hamilton in the Making (Annals of America, 1941);
and Frank H. Heck of Miami University, The
Civil War Veteran
in Minnesota Life and Politics
(Annals of America, 1941).
To the important scholarly series
covering the field of Euro-
pean history, The Rise of Modern
Europe (edited by William L.
Langer), Walter L. Dorn of Ohio State
University contributed
the volume Competition for Empire,
1740-1763 (New York, 1940)
and the late Robert C. Binkley of
Western Reserve University, the
volume Realism and Nationalism,
1852-1871 (New York, 1935).
Much progress has been made during the
past ten years in
the writing of the history of Ohio
colleges and universities. Among
the noteworthy volumes are: Lucy
Notestein, Wooster of the
Middle West (New Haven, I937); Frederick Clayton Waite,
Western Reserve University: The
Hudson Era (Cleveland, 1943) ;
H. Clyde Hubbart, Ohio Wesleyan's
First Hundred Years (Dela-
ware, 1943); and the excellent two
volumes, Robert S. Fletcher,
A History of Oberlin College from
Its Foundations through the
Civil War (Oberlin, 1943). Additional portions of the History
of Ohio State University have also been issued: Volume IV,
part 2, by Wilbur H. Siebert (1938) and Volume V, edited by
William McPherson and Harold K.
Schellenger.
Other volumes by professional Ohio scholars
include: Fred-
erick Artz of Oberlin College, The
Intellectual History of Europe
from Saint Augustine to Marx (New York, 1941), and 1917 and
1941 (New York, 1941); Donald
G. Barnes of Western Reserve
University, George III and William
Pitt, 1783-1806: A New
Interpretation Based on a Study of
Their Unpublished Corre-
spondence (Stanford University, 1939); Wilfred E. Binkley of
Ohio Northern University, American
Political Parties (New
York, 1943); Beverley W. Bond, Jr.,
ed., The Courses of the
Ohio River Taken by Lt. T. Hutchins
Anno 1766 (Cincinnati,
1942);
Arthur C. Cole (while at Western Reserve University),
A Hundred Years of Mt. Holyoke
College: The Evolution of an
Educational Ideal (New Haven, 1940); Randolph C. Downes,
244
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
Council Fires on the Upper Ohio: A
Narrative of Indian Affairs
in the Upper Ohio Valley until 1795 (Pittsburgh, 1940); Foster
Rhea Dulles (after coming to Ohio State
University in 1941),
Behind the Open Door: The Story of
American Far Eastern
Relations, and The Road to Teheran: The Story of Russia and
America (Princeton, 1944) and Twentieth Century America
(Boston, 1945); Chester F. Dunham (a
Toledo clergyman), The
Attitude of the Northern Clergy
toward the South (Toledo,
1942); Hasting Eells of Ohio Wesleyan
University, Writing a
Thesis (Fostoria, Ohio, 1939) Harold J. Grimm of Ohio State
University with two collaborators, Western
Civilization: The
Decline of Rome to 1660 and Western Civilization: Since 1660
(Chicago, 1942) ; Lawrence F. Hill of
Ohio State University, The
Confederate Exodus to Latin America124
(Austin, 1936) and "Our
Present Peril in Historical
Perspective" in Hispanic American
Essays in Commemoration of James
Alexander Robertson, ed. by
A. Curtis Wilgus (Chapel Hill, 1942) ; Homer C.
Hockett of Ohio
State University, Constitutional
History of the United States,
1776-1876 (2 vols., New
York, 1939), and a revised edition of his
general American history, the new
volume being entitled Political
and Social Growth of the American
People, 1492-1865 (New
York, 1940), and a one-volume American
history (with Arthur M.
Schlesinger), Land of the Free (New
York, 1944); Harry N.
Howard of Miami University with R. J.
Kerner, The Balkan
Conferences and the Balkan Entente,
1930-1935 (Berkeley, 1936);
George F. Howe of the University of
Cincinnati, A General His-
tory of the United States since 1865 (New York, 1939); Henry
C. Hubbart of Ohio Wesleyan University,
The Older Middle
West, 1840-1880 (New York, 1936); Bertha E. Josephson of the
Ohio State Archaeological and
Historical Society, Manual of Style
for Publications of the Beveridge
Memorial Fund (New York,
1940), comp., Index to Volumes
XVI-XXV (1930-1939) of the
Mississippi Valley Historical Review (Cedar Rapids, 1940), editor
and part author, Local History: How
to Gather It, Write It, and
Publish It, with Donald D. Parker et al. (New York, 1944);
124 Originally published in The
Southwestern Historical Review.
HISTORY WRITING IN OHIO 245
Reginald McGrane of the University of
Cincinnati, Foreign Bond-
holders and American State Debts (New York, 1935) and The
Economic Development of the American
Nation (New York,
1942); Arthur Mink of the Ohio State
Archaeological and Histori-
cal Society, comp., Title List of
Ohio Newspapers (Columbus,
1945); David R. Moore of Oberlin
College, A History of Latin
America (New York, 1938); Harvey Rice (then of Ohio State
University), Life of Jonathan M.
Bennett (Chapel Hill, 1943);
Howard Robinson and others of Oberlin
College, Toward Interna-
tional Organization (New York, 1942) ; Henry H. Simms of Ohio
State University, Life of Robert M.
T. Hunter: A Study in Sec-
tionalism and Secession (Richmond, Virginia, 1935), and A Dec-
ade of Sectional Controversy,
1851-1861 (Chapel Hill, 1942);
Wilbur H. Siebert of Ohio State
University, Vermont's Anti-
Slavery and Underground Railroad
Record (Columbus, 1937);
Albert T. Volwiler of Ohio University,
ed., The Correspondence
between Benjamin Harrison and James
G. Blaine, 1882-1893
(Philadelphia, 1940); Carl Wittke of
Oberlin College, We Who
Built America: The Saga of the
Immigrant (New York, 1941),
and Against the Current: The Life of Karl Heinzen 1809-80)
(Chicago, 1945), as well as an expanded
edition (New York,
1941) of his History of Canada.
Additional volumes by a local historian
of Greenville, Ohio,
Frazer E. Wilson, are: an edition of Journal
of Daniel Bradley
(Greenville, 1935); Advancing the
Ohio Frontier: A Saga of the
Old Northwest (Greenville, 1937); and Arthur St. Clair: Rugged
Ruler of the Old Northwest (Richmond, Virginia, I944).
In the field of architectural history,
Frank John Roos, Jr., of
Ohio State University has contributed An
Illustrated Handbook of
Art History (New York, 1937) and Writings on Early American
Architecture (Columbus, I943). Ihna Thayer Frary of the Cleve-
land Museum of Art has published Early
Homes of Ohio (Rich-
mond, Virginia, 1936); Early
American Doorways (Richmond,
1937); They Built the Capitol (Richmond,
1940); and Ohio in
Homespun and
Calico (1942).
Fred C. Kelley has written a biography
of The Wright
246
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL
QUARTERLY
Brothers (New York, 1943), and Philip D. Jordan and Lillian
Kessler have compiled Songs of
Yesterday: A Song Anthology of
American Life (Garden City, 1941).
All in all, the past decade has been a
fruitful one in the pub-
lication of historical writings of
Ohioans. Naturally, during the
past four or five years, the war effort
has taken precedence over
many peacetime activities including much
historical research, but
happily Ohio now looks forward to days
of peace - not too far
distant -and to a
continuance of the State's important position in
the field of historiography.