SIXTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE OHIO STATE
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
[It has been usual heretofore to delay the printing of
the proceedings
of the annual meeting for the yearly report of the
secretary to the Gover-
nor and the Society, made at the end of the calendar
year. But hereafter
the report of the annual meeting will appear in the
succeeding issue of the
QUARTERLY.- SEC'Y.]
The Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the Ohio State Archaeo-
logical and Historical Society was held in the parlors
of the Y.
M. C. A. Building, Columbus, Ohio, at 2:30 P. M., April
26,
1901. The
following members were present:
Prof. C. E. Albright . Columbus.
Judge J. H. Anderson . .
. Columbus.
E. H. Archer .. Columbus.
Gen. John Beatty . Columbus.
Geo. F. Bareis
.. Canal Winchester.
Gen. R. Brinkerhoff .. Mansfield.
Prof. Geo. A. Chambers . . Columbus.
Judge M. D. Follett . Marietta.
Hon. C. B. Galbreath . Columbus.
Hon. Stephen R. Harris . . . Bucyrus.
Hon. R. E. Hills . . . Delaware.
Hon. Geo. U. Harn . . . Columbus.
Gen. Warren Keifer . Springfield.
Rev. I. F. King . Columbus.
Rev. N. B. C. Love . Deshler.
Hon. A. R. McIntire . . . Mt. Vernon.
Prof. C. F. Martzolff . . . New Lexington.
W. A. Mahoney . Columbus.
W. H. Miars .. Wilmington.
Dr. D. L. Moore . Columbus.
Prof. Warren K. Moorehead . . Saranac Lake, N. Y.
Prof. B. F. Prince . . . . Springfield.
E. O. Randall .. Columbus.
Dr. J. C. Reeve .. Dayton.
Dr. W. H. Scott . . .
. . Columbus.
Col. W. A. Taylor . Columbus.
Rev. H. A. Thompson . . . Dayton.
Hon. E. E. White . Columbus.
Edwin F. Wood
. Columbus.
Prof. G. Frederick Wright . . Oberlin.
Gen. George B. Wright . . . Columbus.
72
Sixteenth Annual Meeting. 73
Gen. Brinkerhoff presided. E. O.
Randall, Secretary, was
called upon for the minutes of the
previous annual (Fifteenth)
meeting. The Secretary explained that
the minutes of that
meeting, held on February 1, 1900, were
inscribed in full in his
minute book, and would require lengthy
reading if given in de-
tail.
A synopsis of the material part was incorporated in his
Sixteenth Annual Report of the Society
to the Governor, made
January 1, 1901, and printed
in the Society's Quarterly for Jan-
uary, 1901, page 383, et seq. The Secretary then read that con-
densed report. This report of the
proceedings of the previous
annual meeting was received and
approved. The Secretary then
supplemented his report by extended
remarks upon the more im-
portant features of the past year's
work. He reminded the So-
ciety that we still do not own the Ridge
Tract comprising some
twenty acres at the northern end of Ft.
Ancient. He hoped that
would be secured at the proper figure at
the earliest possible mo-
ment. The Society had in its Quarterly
for April, 1901, com-
pleted the ninth volume of its
publications. It was probably the
best volume yet issued. The last
legislature (74th) had appro-
priated the sum of $5,600 for the
reprinting of the annual vol-
umes, 1 to 8 inclusive - each member of
the General Assembly
to receive ten complete sets for their
personal disposal. Those
books had been printed and sent to the
respective legislative
members. Circulars had been sent at the
same time to the mem-
bers, requesting that as far as possible
they distribute these vol-
umes to the libraries, schools and
colleges. This many of the
members reported they had done,
returning to the Secretary lists
of the recipients. This output meant the
distribution of 1,500
sets or 12,000 books of the Society throughout the state. It
would be a great educational feature and
a great impetus to the
work of the Society.
In the Summer of 1900 the Secretary made a tour of visita-
tion to the State Historical Societies
of the eastern, middle and
middle western states. A full account of
this tour was given in
the October Quarterly of 1900, page 243.
The finding of that
trip is that nearly all of the states
visited have provided, in some
way, spacious and costly buildings or
suitable quarters for their
societies. In that feature most of those
states surpass us. Our
74 Ohio Arch. and His. Society Publications.
Ohio Society, however, is superior to
any other in the country in
the archaeological line of work, and in
the extent and value of
its museum collection. We have long ago
outgrown our quar-
ters. But no state, excepting possibly
Wisconsin, is so generous
in its appropriations, as is Ohio to our
Society. Our Legislature
is prepared to grant us almost any
reasonable request. Probably
no State Society in the Union, however,
is doing as much prac-
tical work as ours, and certainly no one
is disseminating his-
torical, archaeological and biographical
literature in the quarters
where it will be appreciated and felt to
the extent that we are
now doing. Our literature is not
confined to our book shelves,
but is going broadcast among the readers
and scholars throughout
the state and indeed more or less
throughout the country.
The last Legislature also appropriated a
certain sum to de-
fray the cost of publication of an
"Archaeological History of
Ohio." This had been prepared by
Mr. Gerard Fowke, and was
now in the hands of the printers and
will appear some time in
July or August. It will consist of two
volumes, some 400 pages
each, and be elaborately illustrated.
The charge for this book
will be $5.00. In this connection the
Secretary stated that there
was a great demand for a complete
subject index of our published
nine volumes. He hoped the Trustees
would see their way clear
to engage a competent person to prepare
this index.
It is probably known to all that the
Trustees of Harvard Uni-
versity had passed the title of Serpent
Mound to our Society.
A custodian, Mr. Daniel Wallace of
Sinking Springs, had been
selected, and was now residing at, and
overseeing the Mound and
Park, which are being renovated and
placed in cleanly and attrac-
tive condition. Arrangements were being
made to erect a tablet
somewhere in the Park, which will
publicly acknowledge the
transfer of the property. The Society is
indebted to Prof. F. W.
Putnam, of Harvard University, for the
successful accomplish-
ment of this transfer.
Prof. W. C. Mills, our Curator, is not
present, and will make
a report later of his year's work in
archaeological exhumations.*
*This report of Mr. Mills follows
these proceedings of the annual
meeting. See page 78 seq.
Sixteenth Annual Meeting. 75
He is at present in Buffalo putting in
place our Society's exhibit,
in the building devoted to Ethnology and
Archaeology. He is
being assisted by Mr. A. B. Coover, one
of our members. The
Pan-American Exposition authorities were
so solicitous for our
exhibit, that Dr. A. L. Benedict,
Superintendent of the Archaeo-
logical and Ethnological department,
came to Columbus to per-
sonally negotiate for our exhibit at the
exposition. The exposi-
tion managers meet the expense to our
Society for this exhibition.
The failure of the Ohio Centennial at
Toledo, cut off the hope
of our Society for a building in that
direction. Advices were
were coming in on all sides that we go
before the Legislature next
winter and ask for an appropriation for
a building for our So-
ciety. The time seems to be ripe for
this result. The Ohio State
University needs a library building, and
the State Library Com-
mission, also need, and will probably
ask for a building. It is
wise that we "get together"
and avoid such conflicting interests
as would likely lead to failure by all
parties.
This suggestion of the Secretary was
discussed by President
Brinkerhoff and others. It resulted in
the appointment of E. O.
Randall, Dr. W. H. Scott, Hon. C. B.
Galbreath, Gen. J. Warren
Keifer and Prof. G. Frederick Wright, as
a Committee of five on
Permanent Building. Said Committee to
confer with the other
parties desirous of a building and
outline the proper policy for the
Society to pursue before the coming
legislature.
Secretary called the attention of the
members to the progress
of the Society in its increase of
membership. At the last Annual
Meeting, ten life members were elected,
and since that time, up
to the present date, the Executive
Committee had received 35
more life members.
The Secretary reported that on March 1,
1901, Governor
Nash appointed Gen. George B. Wright of
Columbus and Hon.
Israel Williams of Hamilton as Trustees
of the Society, to serve
until 1904. They succeeded themselves. The
Trustees, elected
by the Society, whose terms expire at
this time, are Gen. Brin-
kerhoff, Hon. M. D. Follett, Hon. D. J.
Ryan, Rev. H. A. Thomp-
son and Hon. R. E. Hills. The Chair
appointed a Committee of
five on nomination. This Committee
reported in favor of Gen.
Brinkerhoff, Hon. M. D. Follett, Hon. D.
I. Ryan, Rev. H. A.
76 Ohio Arch. and His.
Society Publications.
Thompson and W. H. Hunter. These to
serve until the Annual
Meeting in 1904. (Mr. Hills declined
re-election.) The nominees
of the Committee were elected. Prof. J.
P. MacLean, Ph. D., of
Franklin, was elected to fill the
vacancy caused by the death of
the Hon. John Sherman, whose term would
have extended to the
Annual Meeting in 1902.
Mr. Bareis, Chairman of the Ft. Ancient
Committee, made
a verbal report concerning their work
during the year. The
Committee or its members had made
several trips to the Fort to
supervise the work being done by Mr.
Warren Cowen, the cus-
todian. They had been much pleased with
his services; the
embankments and park enclosure were
never in better condition
or more attractive appearance. Thousands
of persons have vis-
ited the Fort during the year. Under the
instructions of the
Committee Mr. Cowen was now graveling
the road through the
Fort; setting out an orchard; and taking
special pains to beau-
tify the Park for the coming season.
Messrs. Moorehead, White, Keifer,
Anderson, Wright, Love,
Reeve and others expressed their
satisfaction over the work of
the Society during the year just closed,
and over the bright prom-
ise of its still greater progress in the
future.
The Secretary thanked the trustees and
members for their
courtesy and assistance accorded him,
and emphasized the desire
that any of the members at any time make
any suggestions occur-
ring to them or confer with him
concerning the work and welfare
of the Society:
ANNUAL MEETING OF THE TRUSTEES.
At the conclusion of the meeting of the
Society the Trustees
held their Annual Meeting. The following
were present:
Gen. R. Brinkerhoff, Hon. M. D. Follett,
Hon. R. E. Hills,
Rev. H. A. Thompson, E. O. Randall,
George F. Bareis, Judge
James H. Anderson, Gen. George B.
Wright, Prof. G. Frederick
Wright, Prof. B. F. Prince, Hon. A. R.
McIntire, Rev. N. B. C.
Love. Gen. G. B. Wright acted as
Chairman, E. O. Randall as
Secretary. The following officers were
elected for the ensuing
year: Gen. R. Brinkerhoff, President;
Gen. G. B. Wright- Ist
Vice-President; George F. Bareis, 2d
Vice-President; E. G.
Sixteenth Annual Meeting. 77
Randall, Secretary; Hon. S. S. Rickly,
Treasurer; Edwin F.
Wood, Assistant Treasurer; W. C. Mills,
Curator and Librarian.
The following were selected as members
of the Executive
Committee (in addition to the officers)
: J. H. Anderson, G.
Fred Wright, A. R. McIntire, B. F.
Prince, D. J. Ryan and H.
A. Thompson. Gen. Brinkerhoff assumed
the Chair and made a
fitting speech on his re-election. He
felt honored at being again
chosen. The Society has rapidly advanced
the past few years.
It was now an established power in its
line of work, and the
State should be proud of it. He thought
greater things were
in store. The meeting adjourned.
In the evening, in the auditorium of the
Columbus Board of
Trade, Prof. G. Frederick Wright
delivered a lecture to the
members of the Society, and their
invited guests. Probably no
finer audience ever gathered upon a
similar occasion in the city.
The large hall was completely filled by
the most cultured people
of the Capital City. Prof. Wright's
subject was "The Heart of
Asia, Past and Present, including new
geological evidences of
the Flood." Prof. Wright had just
returned from a year's
journey in Asia and other portions of
the Orient. He had much
to say that was new and interesting
concerning the prehistoric
mounds and other archaeological remains
of the regions through
which he traveled. His trip had
attracted the attention of the
leading scientists of the world. His
lecture was illustrated by
a large number of stereopticon views,
the photos of which were
taken by his party. Prof. Wright's
lecture was an event quite
unique in the history of the Society,
and afforded an evening of
great pleasure and profit to his
auditors. Thus closed the six-
teenth annual meeting of the Society.
REPORT OF THE CURATOR OF THE OHIO STATE
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
BY W. C. MILLS, B. SC.
[This report covers the period of the
work of the Society in the
Archaeological Department and the Museum
from January, 1900, to the
last Annual meeting of the Society, held
April 26, 1901.]
To the President and Trustees of the
Society.
GENTLEMEN:-It gives me pleasure to make
my annual
report upon our archaeological
explorations and the condition
of the museum and library of the Society.
FIELD WORK.
My own field work during the last two
seasons was con-
fined to the well known Baum Village
site, which is situated in
Ross county, Ohio, just across the river
from the small village
of Bourneville, and is located upon the
first gravel terrace of the
Paint Creek valley. This village site
embraces a very large
pyramidal mound, which was examined a
number of years ago
under the direction of the Smithsonian
Institution at Washing-
ton. A complete report of these
explorations is found in the
twelfth annual report of the Bureau of
Ethnology, 1890-'91.
At that time the village site was not
explored but was known
to exist, as the following extract from
the twelfth annual report
will show:
"This mound is situated upon the
edge of the first general
bottom of Paint Creek, which, though
protected by huge levees,
is annually inundated. In overflow time
the smaller circle of
the adjoining enclosure is almost
entirely submerged and the
summit of the mound is the only land
visible above a broad
expanse of water. Around the mound upon
all sides, particu-
larly to the east, are traces of former
Indian occupation, nu-
merous fragments of pottery similar in
texture, fabrication and
ornamental feature to those found in the
mound, bestrewed the
plowed ground. These were intermingled
with the valves of
mussel shells, pitted stones, shell
disks, human bones, arrow
heads, perforated stone gorgets, and a
large quantity of chipped
flint." 78
Sixteenth Annual Meeting 79
This village site was first made known
by several local col-
lectors who lived in the immediate
vicinity, i. e. Mr. W. R.
Keran and Mr. A. W. Stretcher. Both of
these gentlemen have
private collections which were secured,
in the immediate vicinity.
In 1897 Mr. Moorehead did some work in
this village and in
the same year Mr. Coover, of Roxabell,
also did some exploring
in this place. During the summer of 1899
I carefully exam-
ined the section of the village which
lies directly south of this
mound; then a portion lying directly
north of the mound. Dur-
ing this season I had five men at work.
During the season
of 1900 the work was carried on directly
east of the mound, and
here our greatest finds were made. The
village site probably
extends over ten or more acres of
extensive bottom land, which
at one time was covered with a growth of
large trees of various
kinds. The land is now owned by Mr. J.
E. Baum, who kindly
granted us the privilege of working in
this village. He not only
granted us the privilege, but has in
very many ways aided us
in the work.
About three-fourths of a century ago Mr.
Baum's grand-
father cleared this land and it has been
practically in cultivation
ever since. From twelve to thirty-six
inches of leaf-mold and
alluvial deposit overlie the thin
stratum of hardpan; directly
beneath this hardpan is found gravel.
Less than two acres
of this village site has been dug over
inch by inch. Many objects
have been discovered. Some with the
skeletons, which are
usually found at a depth of from two to
two and one-half feet;
seventy-three skeletons have thus far
been discovered. These
have been carefully removed and brought
to the museum, to
increase our valuable pathological
collection. There have been
found with the skeletons a number of
bone implements, celts,
drinking vessels, ornaments, but so far
no vessels of pottery have
been found in these mounds. In several
instances broken
pieces of a large size were found buried
near the skeleton. Pipes
of various shapes and celts from various
kinds of stone have
been found near the skeletons,
associated with various imple-
ments such as knives, drills, celts,
stone hammers, grooved
axes, etc.
80 Ohio Archi. and His. Society Publications.
It is, however, to the singular
"Ash Pits" which have been
discovered in great numbers in this
village, that I wish to call
particular attention. These ash pits, as
they have been well
named, are circular excavations, from
three to four feet in
diameter and from four to seven feet
deep. Most of these pits
have a greater diameter at the bottom,
though a few have been
found that have the same diameter from
top to bottom. The
object for which they were made, I
think, was for the purpose
of getting rid of the refuse of the
village, for here are thrown
animal bones, broken pottery, perfect
and broken implements,
ashes from their little homes. These
pits are in a number of
cases in close proximity to each other.
The average pit may
be said to contain ashes in more or less
definite layers. With
these ashes near the top, bones and
pottery fragments can be
found. After removing the contents of
the upper third of the
pit a stratum of fine white ashes is
found, which in some cases
is only a few inches in thickness, while
in others it is more
than two feet, sometimes this mass of
ashes will contain a thin
stratum of sand or clay, and sometimes
the bones of animals
and turtles will be completely mixed
with these ashes. Very
frequently below the mass of ashes are
found burnt stones, and
very frequently burned bones of various
animals. Through the
whole mass in these ash pits, from the
top to the bottom, are
found bones of fishes, mammals,
reptiles, and birds, and imple-
ments and ornaments of bone, stone and
shell. The bones of
the larger species of mammals, such as
the elk, bear and deer,
are usually broken into small fragments.
In one pit fifty-nine
carapace of the small land turtle,
cestudo Virginea, were re-
moved. A careful memoranda of all the
bones taken from one
pit was made. This pit measured three
feet seven inches in
diameter by five feet ten inches in
depth and contained 375
bones. Of these bones thirty-five per
cent. were of the Vir-
ginia deer (ocloloileus Virginianus);
ten per cent. were of the
wild turkey (meleagris gallopayo); ten
per cent. of fresh unios,
two species represented (unio plicatus),
and (unio alatus); five
per cent. of the raccoon (procyon
lotor); five per cent. of the
black bear (ursus Americanus); five per
cent. of the box turtle
(cestudo Virginea), the remainder of the
bones in this pit were
Sixteenth Annual Meeting. 81
divided about equally between the
groundhog, wildcat, opossum,
beaver, rabbit, wild goose and great
horned owl. As a rule
shells of the unioniadae are found in
great numbers. From one
pit alone, 170 shells were taken, many
of these valves have a
large circular hole cut near the center.
These are mostly unio
placitus. These were no doubt used for
hoes. In one pit fif-
teen of these perforated valves were
taken out. Some of them
were in a perfect condition, others with
their edges almost worn
down, to the hole and others broken,
still others show that they
have not been used at all. Among the
animals so far found and
positively identified are the Virginia
deer (ocloloileus Virgin-
ianus), raccoon (procyon lotor), black
bear (ursus Americanus),
wolf (canis occidentalis), beaver
(castor Canadensis), wild goose
(branta Canadensis), wildcat (lynx
ruffus), (sic.), musk rat
(fiber zibethicus), mink (putiorious
vison), grey fox (urocyn Vir-
ginianus), opossum (didelphys
Virginianus), wild turkey (me-
leagris galloparo), trumpeter swan (olor
buccinator), bald eagle
(haliantus leucocephalus), box turtle
(cestudo Virginea), elk
(cervus Canadensis), great horned owl
(bubo Virginianus), otter
(lutra Canadensis), rabbit, barred owl,
and the Indian dog.
The bones of the old Indian dog were
found in great numbers,
and there is no doubt but that this dog
was one of their do-
mestic animals, for it is known that
dogs were domesticated
long before the earliest records of
history, their remains being
found in connection with the rude
implements of the ancient
cave and lake dwellers all through
Europe. However, the his-
tory and description of the Indian dog,
in the ancient times,
is yet a subject far from solution. The
remains of the dog
found in this village site are described
by Professor Lucas, of
the Smithsonian Institution at
Washington, as being a short
faced dog, much of the size and
proportions of a bull terrier,
though probably not short haired.
Professor Lucas says he
has obtained specimens apparently of the
same breed from the
village sites in Texas and from old
Pueblos. Professor Putnam,
of Harvard University, for more than
twenty years has been
collecting bones of dogs in connection
with pre-historic burials
in various parts of America, and a study
of the skulls of these
Vol. x-6
82 Ohio Arch. and His. Society Publications.
dogs found in the mounds and burial
places in Florida, Georgia,
South Carolina, Ohio, Kentucky and New
York, and from the
great shell heaps of Maine, show that a
distinct variety or
species of dog was distributed over
North America in pre-
Columbian times. Apparently the same
variety of dog is found
in the ancient site of the Swiss Lake
dwellers at Neufchatel,
also in the ancient tombs of Thebes in
Egypt. Professor Put-
nam further says: "This variety of
dog is apparently identical
with the pure bred Scotch Collie of
to-day. If this is the case
the pre-historic dog in America, Europe
and Egypt and its per-
sistence to the present time as a
thoroughbred is suggestive of
a distinct species of the genus canis,
which was domesticated
several thousand years ago, and also
that the pre-historic dog
in America was brought to this continent
by very early emi-
grants from the old world."
He further states: "That
comparisons have not been made
with dogs that have been found in the
tribes of the Southwest,
the ancient Mexicans, and with the
Eskimo."
According to Professor Lucas'
observations the dog found
in the Baum village site would differ
somewhat from the dog
found in other parts of Ohio, and would
resemble those found in
the Southwest.
In the pits are also found many, and
often very large pieces
of pottery, but so far not a single
whole vessel has been found,
although in several instances pieces of
pottery from the same
pit were carefully boxed and brought to
the museum and in a
few instances I have been able to place
the pieces together so
as to fully restore the vessel. However,
a few small cups made
of the pottery clay, apparently moulded
in the hand, have been
found. These are in a perfect state. In
several instances large
lumps of clay bearing marks of the
basket in which they were
carried to the village were found. These
have been carefully
brought to the museum and are now placed
on exhibition.
A large number of implements made of
bones and of deer
and elk antlers have been found. Those
made from the elk
antlers were no doubt used for digging
and for agricultural pur-
poses. Some of these are quite large,
being three inches broad
and ten inches long, and having a sharp
cutting edge resembling
Sixteenth Annual Meeting. 83
very much the stone celt which is found
in the same village.
Another form of implement made from the
antlers is the arrow
point. These are made by drilling a hole
for the entrance of
the shaft and for attachment, the other
end being worked to
a sharp point. Some of the larger ones
had an extra hole drilled
in the side; these were no doubt used
for harpoons in catching
the large freshwater drum, and other
fishes whose bones are
found in the ash pits. Another form of
implement which was
found in great numbers in this village,
is the scraper, made
from the leg bone of the deer and elk.
These singular, longi-
tudinally grooved bones, have very sharp
edges, beveled on the
inside, and were no doubt used in
preparing the skins of ani-
mals for use in making clothing, etc. By
constant use these
bones became worn down and would break
in the center at the
thinnest point. The broken halves of
these implements have
been found in great numbers. In one ash
pit twenty-seven of
these broken scrapers were removed. We
also found a number
of the bones showing the stages of
manufacture through which
the implement passed before it became
fit for use as a scraper.
The most common bone implement found in
this village is the
awl. These are of all sizes, ranging in
length from two to nine
inches. A number of the largest and most
elegantly made awls
were manufactured from the bones of the
deer and elk. The
largest were usually ornamented and had
but one point, while
some of the smaller awls were double
pointed. These awls may
have been used for various purposes. One
of the most common
bone awls is the one made from the
tarso-metatarsus of the wild
turkey. During the summer more than 200
of the perfect speci-
mens were taken from these ash pits.
Some of these awls are
decorated with notches, others with
incised lines, and all are
highly polished. Another favorite bone
used for making these
awls was the fibula of the raccoon. A
great many awls were
also made from the shoulder blade of the
deer and elk, but
very few of the awls of any kind had
perforations for attach-
ment. The bone needles found in this
village site are usually
about six inches in length. They are
made from the rib bones
of various animals, usually the deer and
elk, as a number of
ribs from these animals showing the
various stages of manu-
84 Ohio Arch. and His. Society Publications.
facture of the needle, have been found.
This needle is per-
forated at one end. Among the other
objects made of bone
is the bead. These are made from the
hollow bones of birds,
especially the wing bones of the great
horned owl and wild
turkey. Some of the beads are made of
cylindrical bones and
these are usually marked with notches
and with incised lines.
Great numbers of beads were found upon
the skeletons of chil-
dren, varying in ages from two to ten
years. Some of the pits
would contain from fifty to one hundred
of these beads. The
fish hooks found in this village are of
great interest, for a full
description of the fish hook I refer you
to volume 9, page 520,
of the Society's publications.
Arrow and spear points, some five inches
in length, drills,
scrapers, and other chipped implements
of stone are very com-
mon, and are usually made of flint
obtained from the flint quar-
ries at Flint Ridge, Licking county,
Ohio, although a few speci-
mens of the Kentucky flint have been
taken from the pits, yet
we could practically say that all the
flint used in this village
was obtained from the Ohio quarries. The
most abundant kind
of arrow point is the small triangular
point not over one and
one-half inches in length. These were
most abundant in the
pits. Two varieties of grooved axes were
found. The greatest
number found were of the variety having
the groove entirely
around the pole, the other kind is known
as the ax, grooved
on both faces with the back hollowed and
usually in a straight
line. The celts were more abundant than
the grooved axes, and
a great many very beautifully formed and
polished ones were
found. The hammer stones were found in
great numbers. The
largest number taken from one pit was
fifteen, some of these
hammer stones were pitted, while others
were perfectly round.
A number of very large stone mortars
were procured. One of
these taken from an ash pit is quite
large, the bowl being eight
inches in diameter. I wish to call your
attention to the discov-
ery of a large amount of corn and nuts
that were found in these
pits. Some of this corn was still
attached to the cob, but in
no instance did we find any great
quantity of it in one place. In
one pit about a peck of corn was found,
which had evidently been
covered by a woven fabric, as small
particles of this fabric were
Sixteenth Annual Meeting. 85
intermingled with the corn. I submitted
the grains and seeds
to Prof. J. H. Schaffner, of the Ohio
State University, Depart-
ment of Botany, for identification. The
following is the list;
Corn, Zea mays L.
Great quantities of the eight-rowed
variety were found.
The cobs were usually about one-half
inch in diameter. An-
other variety was also discovered which
had ten rows and a very
much thicker cob. The grains and cobs
were in a good state
of preservation, having been charred. In
several instances grain
and seeds were found in large pieces of
broken pottery and were
well preserved. Finding the corn in so
many of the pits shows
that it largely produced the food of the
camp.
Quantities of charred papaw seeds (asimina
triloba L)
Dunal, and the wild hazelnut (corylus
Americana) Walt, were
secured from a number of pits, showing
that these were largely
used for food.
Quite a quantity of the seeds of the
wild red plum (prunis
Americana) Marsh, were also taken from
the pits. These were
in a number of cases, associated with
papaw seeds and the shells
of the chestnut (castanea dentata)
Marsh, Borkh.
Great quantites of the shells of the
butternuts (juglans cine-
rea) L., and the black walnut (juglans
nigra) L., were discovered.
These were usually found associated
together, but in several in-
stances they were found separated, the
butternuts being more
abundant than the walnuts.
Three species of hickory nut were
procured, but none of
these were in such quantities as the
butternuts and black wal-
nuts. The three species found were as
follows: Hicora minima
(Marsh), Britt., hicora ovata (Mill.),
Britt., hicora laciniosa
(Mx.), Britt.
Several specimens of beans, phaseolus
(sp.), and also a
specimen of the grape, vitis (sp.), were
found in the material,
but it was not possible to tell whether
the beans were one of
our wild species or cultivated.
The list of objects taken from these
pits, which is far from
being complete, is sufficient to show
that anything used by the
people who lived in this village is
liable to be discovered in the
86 Ohio Arch. and His.
Society Publications.
pits during future explorations. We hope
to continue the work
until the village is thoroughly
examined.
At the bottom of three of the pits and
under the usual mass
of animal remains, broken pottery,
shells and the usual mass
of ashes, were found perfect human
skeletons. But these pits
containing the human skeletons were not
as deep on the aver-
age as those containing nothing but the
refuse. Yet in some
of the very deep pits the skeletons of
very young infants have
been found. The pits revealed, in all,
seventeen of these very
small baby skeletons, and in every case
these were perfectly pre-
served when imbedded in the ashes. A few
were found that
were buried in the soil outside of the
pits, but these were so much
decayed that not a single bone could be
saved, while near by
would be the skeleton of an adult
perfectly preserved. The
thousands of specimens procured by the
field work have not
as yet been placed on display, on
account of the crowded con-
dition of the museum.
THE MUSEUM.
During the past year much has been done
in the internal
work of the museum. Room number 7, which
is adjacent to
the main gallery of the museum, was set
aside by the trustees
of the university for our use and this
room has been devoted to
the display of historical relics,
photographs, drawings, paintings,
etc., and many of the historical
specimens that we exhibited in
the library and office have been removed
to this room.
The number of visitors to the museum is
steadily increasing
as its character is becoming better
known. Hardly a day passes
that I am not called upon to answer
questions of visitors from
various parts of the State. Many schools
and classes, and espe-
cially those of Columbus, also visit the
museum, and when pre-
viously notified of such visits, I have
endeavored to make them
profitable to scholars. Also various
organizations that have
met in the Capital City have visited the
museum in a body, and
in a number of instances I have called
upon students, who have
aided me in the field, to act as ushers
and they have gladly
assisted me in the work of conducting
parties through the
museum.
Sixteenth Annual Meeting. 87
We contemplate the purchase of new cases
for the west
side of the museum, and hope to have
every available space
occupied by new cases to accommodate as
much of the material
as is possible. The museum work is
naturally very slow and
exceedingly tedious. Every specimen is
carefully examined and
studied and only the very best material
can be placed on exhi-
bition on account of our cramped
condition.
It is my intention during the coming
year to make a new
catalogue of the entire collection and
this, as you are well aware,
will require a great deal of careful
work.
LECTURES ON ANTHROPOLOGY.
The great interest in Ohio archaeology
manifested by the
students of our university induced me to
offer, the past winter,
a free course of "Lecture
Studies" in anthropology, and more
than one hundred students of the
university and teachers in the
high schools of the city have availed
themselves of this oppor-
tunity. The subjects discussed in this
course of twelve lectures
were:
1. Fire; Discovery and making of fire; Condition of man
without fire.
2. Uses of fire, heat,
canoe-making, cooking, etc. Influence
of fire socially. The hearth locates the
home.
3. Food; How obtained and eaten;
Examples of people who
eat raw food; Storing of food, cooking
and pre-
serving.
4. Cannibalism; Cause of; Cannibals
surpass their neigh-
bors in civilization.
5. Agriculture; Its beginning and
influence.
6. Domestication; Origin and influence
upon mankind.
7. The Stone Age. The meaning of the
term. Divisions
in Ohio.
8. Modes of making the stone tools.
Influence of stone
working upon society.
9. Use of metals. Its beginning
as shown in America,
mines, etc. Bronze Age; Where did it
prevail?
The Iron age in Africa.
88 Ohio Arch. and His. Society Publications.
10. Dress
and adornment. Origin of dress. Origin of orna-
ment.
11. Mounds and
their builders. Description of all the great
mounds in Ohio.
12. Village
Sites; Refuse Heaps, and Ash Pits.
This course of lectures and the personal
attention given to
visitors has naturally taken much of my
time. I cannot but be-
lieve that they are such as you would
wish to have continued
with such limits as will prevent neglect
to the duties of the
Museum and arrangement and care of the
collection. In the
last named duties I have been ably
assisted by Miss Lane and
Miss Coutellier. While in my office much
of the time has to be
spent in routine work, in correspondence
and in making out de-
scriptive labels, and in giving my
attention to so many minor
details that I find it impossible to
mention everything in this
connection.
DONATIONS TO THE MUSEUM.
As is well known to you the explorations
which have been
successfully prosecuted by the Society
have naturally caused a
large increase in the number of
specimens received at the Museum
during the past year, to which are to be
added a great number of
donations which come from various parts
of the State and from
people who are interested in the building
up of our Museum.
To Mr. Wilbur Stout whose home is in
Sciotoville, Scioto
County, Ohio, but who is now a student
at the Ohio State Uni-
versity, we are indebted for a valuable
series of objects, obtained
from near his home in Sciotoville. Among
the most interesting
of these objects are large hoes, made
from a ferruginous sand-
stone which is obtained in the
neighborhood. Mr. Stout says that
these hoes are found in great numbers in
his vicinity. The splen-
did collection he has so kindly donated
makes a very valuable
addition.
From Mr. C. R. Wilson, Circleville,
Ohio, we have received
a collection of implements such as
celts, arrow and spear points,
etc., which were obtained from the site
of an old Indian village
near that city.
Mr. A. B. Coover of Roxabell, Ohio, a
life member of the
Society, has continued to send to the
Museum from time to time,
Sixteenth Annual Meeting. 89
such specimens as he could secure in the
vicinity of his home.
He also obtained a very interesting
skeleton near the western bor-
der of the county, which was removed by
himself and at his own
expense. The skeleton was covered with
red ochre. With the
skeleton was found a fine grooved ax.
Mr. Coover also collected
several fine pipes from the vicinity of
Frankfort. Mr. Coover
has shown a continual interest in the
Museum and a desire to do
all in his power in furtherance of its
objects and purposes. I
must further say that all his labors
have been gratuitous.
Mr. James Scott of Portsmouth, Ohio,
presented a Spanish
coin which was found along the Little
Scioto at Wheelers Mill,
near Sciotoville.
Hon. N. W. Swayne, of Toledo, a
prominent attorney of
that place, and a life member of the
Society, presented a unique
pipe which was found in Central
Michigan. Pipes and other
implements and ornaments of this
character have brought forth
a flood of discussion, as a few years
ago according to Prof. Kel-
sey, a number of specimens which he had
obtained from Wyman,
Michigan, were pronounced frauds. Yet I
am inclined to think
that the pipe procured by Mr. Swayne is
not one of the modern
manufacture.
To Mr. Almer Hegler of Washington C. H.,
we are in-
debted for a number of specimens
procured from a gravel bank
not far from his country residence,
which is about eight miles
from Washington C. H. The skeletons
removed by Mr. Hegler
were covered with a red paint, similar
to those found by Mr.
Coover. With the skeletons were found
two large grooved axes
made of diorite. These were also coated
with this red paint,
also two large tubes made from fire
clay, one of which in a per-
fect state is five and one-half inches
in length, one and one-fourth
inches in diameter at the larger end,
and three-fourths of an inch
at the smaller end, with a hole having a
diameter of one inch
tapering at the small end to one-fourth
of an inch in diameter.
The other one which is somewhat larger
was broken when it was
removed from the grave. A number of
arrow and spear points
were also taken out, all in a perfect
state. All implements taken
from this gravel bank are coated with
this red paint.
Among other gifts I take pleasure in
mentioning those by
90 Ohio
Arch. and His. Society Publications.
Mr. W. D. Beaumont of Alexandria,
Licking County, Ohio, who
sends several specimens from the Rowe
Farm which is about
one-half mile from Alexandria. A few
years ago Mr. Beaumont
lost his collection by fire. This was
one of the largest collections
in Licking County, and had been
preserved with great care, the
locality of all the finds being
accurately noted. This collection
was on exhibition in the window of one
of the business houses
of Alexandria, when the building took
fire and the collection
mainly burned. Mr. Beaumont gathered up
the few remnants
and sent them to our Museum for
safekeeping. Since that time
he has been adding to the collection,
which has now grown to
several hundred specimens.
Mr. E. F. Preston of Alexandria,
presented a number of
specimens taken from the Colville mound,
located on the out-
skirts of the village. From this mound
was taken a number of
very fine specimens of slate ornaments,
celts, arrow and spear
points.
From Mr. Jacob L. Bowsher, Adelphi, Ross
County, Ohio,
we received a collection of fifteen
skeletons, taken from a gravel
bank, which is located near his home,
and from which he was
removing gravel. Mr. Bowsher obtained a
number of very fine
specimens from these burials. I was
notified of the finds, and
visited the gravel bank and with the aid
of Mr. Bowsher and his
two sons removed several skeletons. With
one of the skeletons
a very fine awl made from the metacarpal
bone of the deer, was
found. Mr. Bowsher also found some very
interesting speci-
mens of pottery resembling those taken
from the Baum village,
near Bourneville, Ross County, Ohio.
Prof. Samuel W. Collett, who has a very
interesting and
valuable collection from Indiana, also a
number of very fine speci-
mens taken from Sioux Indian graves in
Dakota, has deposited
his collection for safekeeping in the
Museum. The specimens
taken from the Sioux graves were
procured near Chamberland,
South Dakota, and were taken from an old
Sioux Indian burying
ground, and consist of a number of
bracelets, made of heavy
copper wire one-eighth of an inch in
diameter, also a number of
bracelets varying in width from one-half
to one inch, and orna-
mented with incised lines and scrolls.
Some are made of copper
Sixteenth Annual Meeting. 91
and some are made of silver. A large
number of copper and
silver disks two and one-fourth inches
in diameter were found.
Great quantities of beads made of bones,
shell, glass and copper;
the old hunting knife; the flint and
steel which was used in mak-
ing fire in those early days; these are
all in a good state of pre-
servation, and the collection is very
valuable and complete.
To Mr. Joseph Balo, Virginia Township,
Coshocton Co.,
Ohio, we are indebted for a very large
stone pestle, 15 inches in
length, and made from variegated slate.
This is the largest
specimen made from that material that we
have in the Museum.
From Mrs. Honor Runyon, 88 West Woodruff
Ave., Colum-
bus, we have received on deposit a very
old copper teapot, brought
to Ohio in 1806, from Trenton, New
Jersey, by Mr. Jonathan
Hunt of Mt. Vernon, Ohio.
We have received from Mr. Day of Xenia,
Ohio, a number
of very good skeletons. They were
procured from a mound near
the city of Xenia. They are quite an
addition to our large col-
lection of skeletons.
To Mr. J. M. Swank, General Manager of
the American Iron
and Steel Association, we are indebted
for a fine collection of
knives made from the first steel ever
manufactured in the United
States, and this comes from Cincinnati,
Ohio. A full and inter-
esting history of these knives will be
found in chapter XLIV of
Mr. Swank's history of the
"Manufacture of Iron in all Ages."
To Mr. F. M. Benner, Lisbon, Ohio, we
are indebted for
the lower mandible of the fossil
Peccary, and the metacarpal bone
of the deer. These were found in
connection with a large mas-
todon that was discovered while making
excavations for the
erection of a bridge. These specimens
are interesting in two
ways, first that they were found
associated with the bones of
the mastodon, and second that the fossil
Peccary is the second
found and recorded in the State, the
first having been found near
Chillicothe.
From Mr. B. F. Smith of Stewart, Ohio,
was received
samples of some noted wood from every
state in the union. From
these pieces he made the gavel used at
the Republican National
Convention, at Philadelphia, June 19th,
1900.
92 Ohio Arch. and His. Society Publications.
We are greatly indebted to Hon. Emil
Schlup of Lowell,
Wyandot Co., Ohio, for a section of a
log taken from the cabin
of Chief Crane, the chief Indian of the
Wyandot tribe. He was
born in 1742, near Detroit, and died in
1818 near Cranetown,
Crane Township, Wyandot Co., Ohio. He
was Grand Sachem
of his tribe and the most influential in
securing the ratification of
the Greeneville treaty which he ever
after observed.
From Hon. Eugene Lane, Columbus, Ohio,
we have received
a very large collection of shells,
fossils, and various historical
relics. The shells were mostly collected
along the Pacific sea-
board, the historical relics were
collected from all over the United
States. These will soon be arranged in
cases.
LIBRARY.
During the year many books and pamphlets
have been re-
ceived, both in exchange and as
donations. The number of bound
volumes received was 1,202, the number of
pamphlets received
1500, atlasses 3, maps 3. Of these 588
bound volumes were gifts,
614 were received in exchange. The
Societies and Institutions
contributing were 126 in number,
individuals 42.
I have been ably assisted in the work of
the library by Miss
Pearl Coutellier, who has been looking
after the accessions. One
can see an appreciable increase in the
volumes, during the year,
when it is taken into consideration that
not a single cent has been
used in the purchase of volumes and all
have either been donated
us or received in exchange.
The Society is indebted to Baker's Art
Gallery, Columbus,
Ohio, for the following large
photographs, size 22 by 28 inches:
President William McKinley; Hon. Allen G. Thurman (life
member and first President of the
Society); Hon. John Sherman
(life member and Trustee); Hon. Joseph
B. Foraker (life mem-
ber); President R. B. Hayes (life member
and President) ; Rev.
Dr. William E. Moore (life member,
Trustee and Vice-Presi-
dent); Ex-senator Calvin S. Brice (life
member and trustee);
Ex-governor Charles Foster (life
member); Ex-governor George
Hoadley; Ex-governor James E. Campbell;
Ex-governor Asa S.
Bushnell (life member); Dr. Edward Orton
(life member);
Rev. Dr. Washington Gladden (honorary and life member); Dr.
Sixteenth Annual
Meeting. 93
Thomas Mendenhall;
Dr. James H. Canfield; Gov. George K.
Nash (life member); Gen. R. Brinkerhoff (life
member and
President); E. O.
Randall (life member, Trustee and Secretary).
These are all hung on
the east wall of the library.
Prof. J. A.
Bownocker, Ph. D., has presented the Society
with a plaster bust
of Dr. Edward Orton.
During the year more
than 200 students of the University
have availed
themselves of the use of this library.
The heirs of the late
Mrs. A. A. Graham, have deposited
with the Society
their library, which is composed of 91 volumes.
A list of these
volumes has been made but not accessioned.
The following is a
list of the persons who have made dona-
tions to the library,
since my last report, with the number of vol-
umes each gave:
BOUND
VOLUMES
Fred. J. Heer
...................
................................. 38
Thos. W. Kinney ................... ........... .................. 1
Prof. Herbert
Osborn
............................................ 3
W. C. Mills . .................
................................... 50
Prof. Stephen D. Peet
.........
................................. 1
Prof. John B. Peaslee
............................................ 1
Bishop B. W.
Arnett............................................ 4
Chas. Geo. Carnegys
............................................. 1
Isreal Williams
................................................. 1
Clarence B. Moore
............................................... 7
R. A. Smith
.................................................... 1
E. O. Randall
.........
........................................... 60
Chas. Wm. Burkett
.............................................. 1
E. F. Wood
.................................................... 11
Col. Wm. A.
Taylor
............................................ 1
Clark Bell
...................................................... 10
Gen. Henry A. Axline,
Adj. Gen. of State ........................ 23
Hon. Chas. Kinney,
Secretary of State ........................... 8
Hon. W. W. Miller,
Secretary State Board of Agriculture ......... 26
Hon. W. S. Matthews,
Insurance Commissioner .................. 15
Hon. Frank S.
Monnett, Attorney-General of Ohio ............... 9
Hon. W. D. Guilbert,
Auditor of State ........................... 20
Prof. C. O. Probst,
Secretary State Board of Health. .............. 12
Gen. Geo. B. Wright
............................................ 50
J. W. Tweed
..................................................... 15
Prof. Lewis D.
Bonebrake, Commissioner of Common Schools ...... 15
Gen. Roeliff
Brinkerhoff .......................................... 4
94 Ohio Arch. and His. Society Publications.
BOUND
VOLUMES
Gen. J. Warren Keifer
............................................ 2
Prof. Warren K. Moorehead ..................................... 1
Samuel Calvin .................................................. 3
James M. Swank ................................................. 2
Miss Harriet Townsend ......................................... 16
Prof. J. A. Bownocker ............................................ 1
Gerard Fowke .................................................. 9
Pres. W. O. Thompson .......................................... 1
Hon. J. W. Knaub, Commissioner of Labor ....................... 11
B. B. Herrick .................................................... 20
D. W. Williams .................................................. 1
Marshall Field ................................................. 2
Hon. J. J. Lentz, through the U. S. War Department ............. 129
EXCHANGES.
The following is a list of the Publications and Institutions
with which we interchange, showing the number of volumes
and pamphlets we now have on hand.
BOUND PAM-
VOLUMES PHLETS
American Museum of Natural History ................. 10 13
American Historical Association ........................ 11 ....
American Academy of Political and Social Science...... 10 14
American Philosophical Society ........................ 7 6
Academy of History and Antiquity ...................... 3 2
American Catholic Historical Society ................... 6 3
American Antiquarian Society ......................... 21 4
American Numismatic and Archaeological Society....... 1 2
American Antiquarian ................................. 15 17
American Geographical Society ......................... 13 2
American Iron and Steel Association. .................. 7 1
American Catholic Historical Researches ................ 8 8
Bussy Institute ........................................ 1 4
Buchtel College ....................................... .... 2
Boston Public Library .................................. 9 6
Buffalo Historical Society .................1............... 1
Buffalo Society of Natural Science ..................... 5 ....
Bowdoin Public Library
............................... 5 32
Berea College Library ......... ......................... 1 16
Berkshire Historical and Scientific Society .............. .... 9
Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences ................ 1 2
Bureau of Ethnology ............................... ... 19 ....
Cincinnati Society of Natural History ................... 15 19
Sixteenth Annual Meeting. 95
BOUND PAM-
VOLUMES PHLETS
Canadian Institute .................................... 1 4
Chicago
Historical Society .............................. 4 7
Congress International d' Anthropologie et d' Archae-
ologie Prehistoriques .............................. 1 ....
Colorado College Scientific Society
..................... 1
. ...
Columbia University ................................... 6 1
Case Memorial Library ............................. 5
Connecticut Historical Society
............................. 1
Colorado Scientific Society
............................ 4 17
California Historical Society ........................... .... 1
Chautaquan ......................................... .... 14
Cornell University
..................................... 3 11
Dedham Historical Society............................ 7 7
Davenport Academy of Natural Science ................. 6 1
Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society
....................... 1 12
Enoch Pratt Free Library
.................................. 28
Elgin Historical and Scientific Association.
.............. 1 ....
Franklin
Institute .................................
. ... 16
Field Columbian Museum ..............................
1 27
Firelands Historical Society
............................33
Fairfield County Historical Society
..................... 1 ....
Geneological and Biographical Society ................. ....7
Geographical Club of Philadelphia..................... 1 2
Geographical Society of the Pacific
......................... 1
Hampton Institute Library ............................. 1 11
Harvard University Library ............................ 2 12
Harvard University Observatory
........................... 2
Historical and Philosophical Society of Ohio
.............. 14
Iowa State Historical Society
.......................... 6 6
Iowa Agricultural Society............................. 7 2
Iowa Masonic Library ................. ............ ...... 5
Iowa Academy of
Science .............................. 7 ....
Iowa State Historical Department ...................... 7 1
Illinois State Historical Library
......................... 3 3
Indian Rights Association.............................
. 4 3
Johns Hopkins University ............................. 5 5
Kansas State Historical Society
........................ 4 2
Kansas Academy of Science ............................ 9 3
Library Company of Philadelphia
...........................
2
Long Island Historical Society
........................1
Library of Congress.................................... 4 30
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
.................. 4 5
Missouri Historical Society
............................. 1 12
96 Ohio Arch. and His.
Society Publications.
BOUND PAM--
VOLUMES PHLETS
Maine
Geneological Society ............................. 2 1
Massachusetts
Historical Society ....................... 12 3
Missouri Botanical
Garden ............................. 11 ....
Medico-Legal
Journal .................................. ... 1
Michigan
Pioneer and Historical Society ................ 7 ....
Miami
University ................
.................... 1 ....
Massachusetts
Society Sons of American Revolution..... 1 ....
Minnesota
Historical Library .......................... 1 ....
Montana
State Historical Society ....................... 2 24
McLean
County Historical Society ...................... 2 3
New
York State Library ................... ............... 1
New
England Free Trade League .......................... 30
New
York Public Library ............................. 3 12
New
Haven Colony Historical Society .................. 5 1
Northern
Indiana Historical Society ................... .... 3
New
England Association of Colleges and Preparatory
Schools ........................................... 2
Nebraska
Historical Society ............................ 2 2
New
England Society City of Brooklyn... ............... .. 1
New
Hampshire Historical Society ...................... 2 1
Newberry
Library
..................................... ....2
Numismatic
and Antiquarian Society .................... 3 2
National
Civil Service Reform League ................. 1 54
National
League for the Protection of the Family .......... 12
New
York Historical Society
.......................... .
4 ....
New
London County Historical Society ................. 1 ....
New
Jersey Historical Society
.......................... 22 ...
Nantucket
Historical Association ....................... 10
Ontario
Historical Society ............................. 3 4
Oneida
Historical Society ................................. 4
Oberlin
College Library ................................. 20
Old
North-West Genealogical Society ................... 1 5
Ohio
Agricultural and Experiment Station. ................17
Peabody
Museum
.................................... .. 4
Pennsylvania
Historical Society ........................ 6 2
Pratt
Institute ........................................ 4 12
Rhode
Island Historical Society ........................ 12 1
Rochester
Historical Society ............................... 1
Rochester
Academy of Science .......................... 2 3
Redwood
Library and Athenaeum .......................... 5
Smithsonian
Institute ...........................
.. 26 ...
Sound
Currency ........................................... 10
Staten
Island Natural Science Association ................... 9
Sixteenth Annual Meeting. 97
BOUND PAM-
VOLUMES PHLETS
State Charities Association of New York.............. 2 ....
Southern Historical Society .............. .......... 9 ....
Southern California Historical Society
.................. 4 1
Scotch-Irish
Society of America
........................ 9 ....
Society of the History of the Germans in Maryland
...... 1 ...
Texas
Historical Association
........................... 3 5
Trinity College Historical Society
...................... ... 3
University of California Library
....................... 3 46
University of Toronto Library
.......................... 2 1
University of Pennsylvania, Department of History..... 10 9
University of Pennsylvania, Department of Archaeology
and Palaeontology ................................. 16 10
University of Michigan Library......................... 3 4
University of Chicago Press
............................ 4
University of Toulouse................................ 6
United States Geological Survey
........................ 31 ....
Vineland Historical and Antiquarian
Society............... 2
Virginia
Historical Society
............................. 6 5
Wisconsin State Historical Society.
..................... 11 2
Western Reserve Historical Society .................... 8 15
Wyoming Historical and Geological Society ............. 2 ....
Western Reserve University ........................... ... . 5
Washington State Historical Society
.......................4
W agner
Free Institute
................................. 2 1
Washington and Lee University ........................ 2
West Virginia Historical and Antiquarian
Society......... 3
Wisconsin Academy of Science, Arts and Letters ........ 9 2
Yale University Library ................................ 5 6
Yearly Meeting of Friends.............................
.... 2
In conclusion I wish to express my appreciation of the
encouragement and support I have received from the
officers
and members of the Society.
June 1, 1901.
Vol "