MARIETTA CENTENNIAL NUMBER.
OHIO
Archaeological and Historical
QUARTERLY.
Vol. II. JUNE, 1888. No. 1
THE CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION AT MARIET-
TA, APRIL SEVENTH, 1888.
PRELIMINARY MOVEMENTS.
THE Washington County Pioneer
Association, as early
as their annual meeting held April 7th,
1881, decided to
undertake a Centennial Celebration of
the first organized
and permanent settlement of the
Territory Northwest of
the River Ohio, to be observed in
Marietta, April seventh,
1888. Further attention was given to the
subject at the
ninety-fifth anniversary of the
settlement, held April sev-
enth, 1883, at which time Hon. George B.
Loring delivered
the leading address.
At the first meeting of the Ohio
Archaeological and His-
torical Society, held in Columbus, March
13, 1885, it was
resolved, "That this Society will
gladly participate in the
proposed celebration to be held in the
city of Marietta on
the seventh of April, 1888, to
commemorate the application
of the principles of the Ordinance [of
1787] in the first per-
manent occupation of the soil of Ohio by
systematic colo-
nization."
An invitation was extended by the
Washington County
Vol. II-1
2
Ohio Archaeological and
Historical Quarterly.
Pioneer Association, at the annual
meeting on April 7th,
1886, to the Ohio Archaeological and
Historical Society to
hold their annual meeting at Marietta on
April seventh,
1888, instead of at the usual time at
Columbus. This invi-
tation was accepted by the Society at
its meeting Febru-
ary 24th, 1887.
In making their preparations for the
celebration, the
Pioneer Association received a most
cordial and efficient
support, not only from its own members
but also from the
people of Marietta and vicinity. The
money to meet nec-
essary expenses was raised, first-by
certificates of mem-
bership of the Association, which were
taken at $1 each,
largely through the labors and influence
of the ladies.
The amount realized from this source for
expenses was
$1,050.54.
Second -a guarantee fund amounting to $2,000
was subscribed by a number of gentlemen.
The total ex-
penses were $1,960.00, which were paid
by first applying
all the funds of the Association arising
from memberships,
and then by a draft of 50 per cent. on
the guarantee fund,
which provides for the balance of
expenses and for the
publication of proceedings and
addresses.
Preparations were made for the
accommodation and en-
tertainment of the Ohio Archaeological
and Historical So-
ciety; and Thursday evening, April
fifth, and all of the sixth
were assigned to the business and
appropriate exercises of
the Society. The several members were
notified and in-
vited to attend, a large number of whom
were present to
participate in the proceedings of the
interesting occasion.
THE PROGRAMME OF EXERCISES.
The following was the order of exercises
for the meet-
ing of the Ohio Archaeological and
Historical Society,
which formed a part of the general
celebration;
THURSDAY, APRIL 5TH. 1888-7:30 P.
M.
AT
THE CITY HALL
MUSIC
President's Annual Address.......... . F. C. SESSIONS, Esq., of
Columbus
MUSIC.
The Centennial Celebration at Marietta. 3
Address
..................................The Building of the State
Judge JOSEPH Cox, of Cincinnati.
MUSIC.
FRIDAY, APRIL 6TH-2 P. M.
MUSIC.
Address . ....................Why is Ohio Called the Buckeye State?
Hon. WILLIAM M. FARRAR, of Cambridge, Ohio.
MUSIC.
Hon. R. B. HAYES, of Ohio
Short Addresses ............... Hon. GEO. F. HOAR, of Massachusetts
DAVID FISHER, Esq., of Michigan
Prof. F. W. PUTNAM, of
Massachusetts
MUSIC.
CITY HALL, 7:30 P. M.
MUSIC.
Address ................A Familiar Talk
About Monarchists and Jacobins
Hon. WILLIAM HENRY SMITH, of New York.
MUSIC.
A programme of exercises, suitable to
the seventh of
April, the Centennial Day proper, was
prepared, and Sena-
tor Geo. F. Hoar, of Massachusetts, and
Hon. J. Randolph
Tucker, of Virginia, were invited to
make the principal
addresses, and His Excellency, Governor
J. B. Foraker to
make the opening address of welcome. The
following
programme was carried out:
CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION
OF THE FIRST SETTLEMENT OF THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY UNDER THE
ORDINANCE Of 1787, AT MARIETTA, OHIO, APRIL 7, 1888.
ORDER OF EXERCISES APRIL 7, 1888.
At Sunrise, a salute of thirteen guns
was fired.
CITY HALL, 9:30 A. M.
The meeting was called to order by DOUGLAS PUTNAM,
President of the
Washington County Pioneer Association.
PRAYER, BY DR. A. L. CHAPIN, OF
WISCONSIN.
Overture -
"American," ......................... ......... Weegand
CINCINNATI GRAND ORCHESTRA.
Address of Welcome
...........................by the Governor of Ohio
HON. J. B. FORAKER.
MUSIC.
Gavotte -" First Heart
Throbs," ............................. Eslenberg
CINCINNATI GRAND ORCHESTRA.
4 Ohio Archaeological and Historical
Quarterly.
Oration....................Senator
GEORGE F. HOAR, of Massachusetts
MUSIC.
Serenade
...................................................... Tittle
Short Addresses. Hon. R. B. HAYES, Ex-President
of the United States.
Short Addresses. BERNARD PETERS, Esq., of Brooklyn,
N. Y.
MUSIC.
Finale. .........
......................................Hail Columbia
At 12:30 a salute of
one hundred guns was fired, and the bells of the
city were rung in honor
of the arrival of the Mayflower, one hundred years
ago to-day, " when
the sun was at the meridian."
AFTERNOON EXERCISES -
AT CITY HALL, 1:30 P. M.
MUSIC.
Overture -
"Zampa,"......................................... Harold
CINCINNATI GRAND
ORCHESTRA.
Oration
..........................Hon J. RANDOLPH TUCKER, of Virginia
MUSIC.
National
Airs................................................... Carton
CINCINNATI GRAND
ORCHESTRA.
Letter read, from ..............Hon. GEORGE B. LORING, of
Massachusetts
Address
..........................Hon. SAMUEL F. HUNT, of Cincinnati
Selection -
"Nanon,"............................................ Genee
CINCINNATI GRAND
ORCHESTRA.
Address
.................Rev. EDWARD EVERETT HALE, of Massachusetts
MUSIC.
Finale - "
America," .........
.......................... Mailard
At sunset a National
salute of thirty-eight guns was fired.
8 P. M.- GENERAL
RECEPTION AT THE CITY HALL.
At which all had an
opportunity to meet the distinguished guests of the
occasion.
During the reception
the Cincinnati Grand Orchestra executed the
following Programme:
March - Our Country
...........................
...........Krael
Overture -
Martha..............................................Flotow
Gaite
Waltzes..................................
......... Waldteufel
Selection- " Black
Hussar,". .............. ..................Mellorcker
INTERMISSION.
Overture - Poet and
Peasant ......................................Sappe
Gavotte -
Separation.......................................... Brandt
Cornet Solo - Polka de
Concert .................................Bellsted
MR. HENRY SEVERS,
Selection - Erminie .................................... Jacobowsky.
The exercises for
Sunday, the eighth of April, were com-
mitted to the pastors
of the several churches in Marietta
The Centennial Celebration at
Marietta. 5
and Harmar, and the following programme
was carried out
through the day:
10:30 A. M.--Religious services at the
various churches,
as usual, by the pastors or visiting
clergymen. Rev. C. E.
Dickinson gave an historical discourse
in the Congregational
Church. Mr. Bernard Peters, of Brooklyn,
N. Y., delivered
a discourse in the Unitarian Church.
3:00 P.
M.-At City Hall, Rev. Dr. Boyd, presiding.
Order
of service: 1. Singing. 2. Reading of
Scripture. 3. Prayer
by Rev. Dr. I. N. Sturtevant. 4.
Singing. 5. Address,
by Rev. Dr. H. M. Storrs, of New Jersey.
6. Singing.
7. Benediction.
7:30 P. M.--Platform Meeting at City Hall, President
John Eaton presiding. Order of service:
1. Singing. 2.
Prayer by Dr. J. F. Tuttle. 3. Singing.
4. Addresses by
Dr. A. L. Chapin, ex-President of Beloit
College, and Dr.
Joseph F. Tuttle, President of Wabash
College. 5. Sing-
ing. 6. Addresses, by Rev. Dr. I. N.
Sturtevant, of Cleve-
land, Rev. Dr. E. E. Hale, of Boston,
and Dr. B. W. Arnett,
of Wilberforce University. 7. Singing.
8. Benediction.
7:30 P. M.-At the Unitarian
Church.-Sermon, or ad-
dresses, by Rev. Dr. E. E. Hale, Rev.
Dr. Sturtevant, and
Professor Dean, of Hiram College.
THE CELEBRATION.
Some apprehensions were indulged as to
the state of the
weather that might be expected at so
early a time in the
spring season. A kind Providence seemed
to have interposed
most auspiciously in that respect, as
the following from the
Cincinnati Commercial Gazette testifies:
"All the days of the Celebration
were lovely, and the
seventh the loveliest of them. The
crimson was just peeping
from the peach trees, and the buckeye
buds were swollen and
growing golden, while the faint green of
the willow and the
tender pink of the maples gave the eye
joy, and the sun was
brilliant as the air was bracing.
"If the pioneers struck such a
springtime it is not sur-
6 Ohio Archaeological and Historical Quarterly.
prising they regarded the shores of the
Ohio and Muskin-
gum as a place of rarest fascinations
and rich with prom-
ises beyond anything in the soil and air
of New Eng-
land."
In addition to a cordial hospitality
extended by private
families, ample provision was made for
meals at the Armory
Building, and a free dinner served on
Saturday the seventh
to over six hundred guests. The rooms in
Dr. B. F. Hart's
house were prepared for the reception
and display of old
relics, and also the lecture room of the
Congregational
church, which contained some more modern
specimens of
art. Both of these matters were
committed exclusively to
the hands of the ladies, and were
conducted in a manner to
afford the greatest satisfaction.
The City Hall was handsomely decorated
with National and
State emblems, representing the
American, German and
French nationalities; the States formed
out of the old North-
west Territory, and Massachusetts and
Virginia.
Business houses and private residences
were covered with
flags. Provision was made for seating,
on reserved seats,
eight hundred visitors and elderly
persons in attendance.
The hall itself was filled to its utmost
capacity, estimated at
2,400. Overflow meetings were held in
the Unitarian Church,
while the streets were crowded with
people unable to gain
admittance to the exercises. The utmost
good order pre-
vailed, and the occasion was one of
greatest enjoyment and
most pleasant re-unions to the thousands
of citizens and
visitors who were present.
OFFICIAL DELEGATES.
The following persons had been chosen as
delegates rep-
resenting their several constituencies:
From Massachusetts, by appointment of
Governor Ames,
Hon. George B. Loring, Rev. Temple
Cutler, Professor Frank
W. Putnam, Rev. E. E. Hale, John J. May,
Esq., all of
whom were present except Mr. Loring.
From Indiana, Hon. B. Wilson Smith, of
Lafayette.
The Centennial Celebration at
Marietta. 7
From Wisconsin, Rev. Dr. A. L. Chapin,
Ex-President of
Beloit College, and H. W. Nickerson,
Esq.
From Illinois, Dr. N. C. Smith, of
Paris.
From Minnesota, W. D. Mitchell, Esq.
From Rhode Island, Jas. M. Varnum, F. T.
Sibley, H. T.
Drowne and Chas. Emote received
appointments, but were
unable to attend.
The National Congregational Council
appointed the follow-
ing delegates: Rev. I. N. Sturtevant,
Rev. A. L. Chapin,
D. D., Dr. Josiah Strong, President Jas.
B. Angell, of the
University of Michigan, and
Lieutenant-Governor Cooke, of
Connecticut.
The American Historical Association
appointed as dele-
gates Rev. A.P. Putnam, Dr. H. B. Adams,
Clarence W.
Bowen, Esq., Ex-President R. B. Hayes,
and Professor Geo.
W. Knight, of Ohio State University, of
whom the two last
named gentlemen were present.
The American Antiquarian Society
appointed as delegates
Hon. George F. Hoar, Rev. E. E. Hale,
Dr. W. F. Poole, and
Dr. H. B. Adams, of whom the two first
named were
present.
The New York Historical Society was
represented by
Nicholas Fish, Esq., Vice President.
The following named societies appointed
delegates who
were unable to attend:
New Hampshire Historical Society: Dr. I.
W. Andrews and
John T. Perry.
The Rhode Island Historical Society and
the Rhode Island
Society of the Cincinnati: James M.
Varnum, F. T. Sibley,
H. T. Drowne and Charles Emote.
New Jersey Historical Society: Dr. I. W.
Andrews.
Buffalo Historical Society: Rev. A. T.
Chester, Geo. S.
Hazard and S. Guthrie.
The Athens County Pioneer Association
took the following
action and were largely in attendance:
"At a special meeting of the Athens
County Pioneer
Association, held October 27th, 1887, at
its rooms, the fol-
8
Ohio Archaeological and Historical Quarterly.
lowing named members were selected as
delegates to represent
this Association, upon invitation, at
the Centennial Anni-
versary and celebration of the first
settlement of the North-
west Territory, under the Ordinance of
1787, to be held at
Marietta, April 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th,
1888:
"Judge John Welch, Judge R. de
Steiguer, Judge A. G.
Brown, Gen. C. H. Grosvenor, Maj. L. M.
Jewett, Messrs. D.
B. Stewart, J. H. Glazier, G. M. McDougal,
E. H. Moore, 0.
W. Brown, E. L. Walker, Zibe Hoskinson,
Jacob Lash, Mrs.
R. de Steiguer, Mrs. E. G. Carpenter,
Mrs. D. B. Stewart,
Mrs. A. S. C. Brown, Mrs. G. M. McDougal
and Miss Emma
L. Carpenter."
The Historical and Philosophical Society
of Cincinnati was
represented by John A. Gano, William
Henry Davis and E. C.
Dawes.
Members of the Order of Cincinnatus: Wm.
L. Robinson,
Murat Halstead, George Ilson, H. F.
Furgeson, J. D. Cald-
well and wife, Edward Block, H. C.
Ezekiel, John F. Follett
and W. Love.
Members of the Exposition Committee:
James Allison,
President; Hon. Lee H. Brooks, Henry J.
Snider, L. H. Mc-
Cammon, A. B. Champion, Levi C. Goodale,
J. M. Blair,
George B. Kerper, Gus Honshell, A. M. Grose,
J. P. Love,
S. W. Cofflin, R. S. Mannen, Gov. J. B.
Foraker, Chris
Kinsinger, Wm. Ronsheim, A. J. Warner
and E. B. Hub-
bard.
Marietta College Club of Cincinnati: Dr.
E. E. White,
W. H. Blymger, G. H. Barbour, Esq.,
Judge S. N. Maxwell,
Rev. George N. Maxwell, D. D., Ernest
Rehm, W. W. Dyar,
G. C. Wilson, T. H. Kelley, Henry
Bosworth and Major E. C.
Dawes.
Most of the above-named gentlemen from
Cincinnati were
present.
From the Hamilton County Pioneer
Association, John D.
Caldwell attended as delegate.
The Muskingum County Pioneer Association
was largely
represented. Numerous pioneers were
present from Guern-
The Centennial Celebration at
Marietta. 9
sey and Meigs counties, from the
townships in Washington
county and from all parts of Ohio and
the great west.
The responsibility an labor of making all preliminary
arrangements, and of carrying them into
successful execu-
tion, devolved upon the following
members of a Centennial
Central Committee, who received their
authority to act
from the Pioneer Association and from
the citizens of
Marietta: Dr. I. W. Andrews,1 chairman;
T. W. Moore, A
J. Warner, R. R. Dawes, O. H. Mitchell,
R. M. Stimson.
Beman Gates, W. G. Way, S. L. Grosvenor
and W. P.
Cutler.
1 To Dr. Andrews, more than to any other
man, was due the incep-
tion, the arrangement and the successful
consummation of the Cen-
tennial Celebration at Marietta. He
labored hard and faithfully to
make glorious the anniversary of the
greatest event in the history of
Ohio and the Northwest-a history with
which he was so well ac-
quainted. The one shadow upon the
Centennial day was the absence
of Dr. Andrews and the knowledge that he
lay upon a bed of illness
many miles from the scene which he
desired so much to witness. It
is with a deep and poignant sorrow that
we announce his death,
which occurred at Hartford, Connecticut,
April 18th, 1888. It seems
especially sad that the pages which tell
of the success of the Centen-
nial should at the same time chronicle
the death of him whose st
work in life was devoted to the preparations
for that anniversary.
A fitting tribute to his memory and to
his services as man, scholar,
educator and writer is in preparation,
by one who knew him inti-
mately, and will be presented before the
Ohio Archaeological and
Historical Society, of which he was an
interested and active member,
and printed in the QUARTERLY. In his
death the QUARTERLY loses a
valued editor. While he was not actively
engaged upon every num-
ber, his advice and opinions largely
directed the beginnings of this
publication, and the first article that
appeared in its pages came from
his pen. His colleagues on the Editorial
Board cannot refrain at this
time from expressing their sense of
personal bereavement, not only as
fellow-workers but as friends, fellow-citizens
and fellow-men. The
memory will long dwell with them of the
deep scholar, the broad
thinker, the successful teacher.
G. W. K.
10 Ohio Archaeological and
Historical Quarterly.
Major Jewett Palmer was appointed
Director, and the
general supervision was committed to
him. His efforts re-
ceived full and efficient support from
sub-committees ap-
pointed to take charge of various
departments, Col. N. L.
Nye having charge of receptions, and
Judge F. J. Cutter
of entertainments. Mrs. Alderman had
charge of relics
and works of art, and Mrs. Mills of
meals and dinner at
the Armory building. The following were
the officers of
the Washington County Pioneer
Association elected April
7th, 1887, to serve the ensuing year:
Douglas Putnam, President; Wm. Glines,
Vice Presi-
dent (deceased); Wm. F. Curtis,
Recording Secretary; R.
M. Stimson, Corresponding Secretary; F.
A. Wheeler,
Treasurer. I. W. Andrews, B. F. Hart,
Henry Fearing,
L. J. P. Putnam, W. P. Cutler, Executive
Committee.
THE GENERAL CHARACTER OF THE
CELEBRATION.
The following extract from a
communication to The
Independent, by Professor George W. Knight, one of the
delegates of the American Historical
Association to the
Centennial, shows the character of the
celebration.
"The past thirteen years have
witnessed in the United
States a series of commemorative
celebrations, marking the
one-hundredth anniversary of the various
leading events
attendant upon the birth and childhood
of t e United
States. In 1875 came the anniversary of
Lexington and
Concord, and hardly had the echoes died
away when the
great celebration at Philadelphia
brought to our thoughts
the violent separation from the mother
country. Then
came the Yorktown Centennial, in
remembrance of the
final triumph of the infant republics.
"All these celebrations were
attended with memories of
strife, privation, suffering, physical
and political contests.
To-day has witnessed the appropriate
commemoration of
events of a very different nature.
Peace, not war, has been
the theme; the founding of new
governments, not the over-
turning of old political and
governmental orders: the plant-
The Centennial Celebration at
Marietta. 11
ing of a State, not the tearing off of
a colony from the
mother-land. The events which have to-day been cele-
brated in this, the oldest American
settlement beyond the
Ohio, mark the beginning of that steady
westward march
of the pioneer, which for one hundred
years has not for a
single moment been intermitted. Not
Ohio alone, not the
Northwest, but the whole United States
is interested and
vitally concerned in the events
attendant upon the move-
ments of that little band of
forty-eight pioneers, who, on
the 7th of April, 1788, when
the sun was at the meridian,'
landed at the mouth of the Muskingum
and founded the
settlement of Marietta.
"Probably nowhere else in the Northwest
Territory has
the true historic spirit been developed
so perfectly as in
Marietta. Nowhere else is there
felt-what is so rare in
America-such veneration for the deeds
of the fathers, such
conscious and never-forgotten
appreciation of their endeav-
ors and their aspirations; nowhere a
greater, albeit an un-
obtrusive pride in their achievements.
"This local spirit and the nature
of the events that occa-
sion this anniversary, combined to give
a distinctive char-
acter to the celebration of to-day. The
blare of trumpet,
the roll and rattle of drum, the
straggling procession, the
boisterous and empty-headed oratory
were notably absent,
and in their place the orderly
gatherings of intelligent peo-
ple from all parts of the Union to
listen to, and dwell upon
the best thoughts which the
significance of the day inspired
in the minds of deep-thinking men. No
better index of
the character of the occasion can be
found than that among
those present were official delegates
from Massachusetts,
Virginia, and other commonwealths, from
the American
Historical Association, the
Massachusetts, New York, Vir-
ginia, Ohio and other State Historical
Societies. The Ohio
Historical Society had fittingly
ushered in the great cele-
bration by holding its annual meeting
here on the fifth and
sixth of April, when several addresses
well befitting the
occasion were presented, that only
served to whet the men-
12
Ohio Archaeological and Historical Quarterly.
tal appetites for the great historic
and literary feast of
to-day. * * * * *
" Freedom, religion, education,
morality are the keynotes
struck throughout the celebration, and
Virginia and Massa-
chusetts have joined hands in
congratulating themselves
and the Northwest upon the completion
of the first cen-
tury of the career of the first born
child of the United
States."
W. P. CUTLER.