II
BRIEF HISTORY OF THE OHIO STATE
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HIS-
TORICAL SOCIETY
BY THE EDITOR
The Pioneers of Territorial Ohio seem
to have been
conscious of the fact that they were
making history.
Intimations of this are found in the
addresses and let-
ters of St. Clair and his associates
and on the printed
pages of William Maxwell's Centinel of the North-
Western Territory.
The first definite movement of an
organization to
collect the materials of this early
history appears to have
been consummated in 1822. On February
first of that
year an act was passed by the General
Assembly incor-
porating the Historical Society of
Ohio. The incor-
porators named in this act were:
"T. H. Genin, J. C.
Wright, Ralph Granger of Geauga, Edward
King, D.
K. Este, Jeremiah Morrow, Benjamin
Ruggles, Ethan
A. Brown, J. M. Goodenow, Philemon
Beecher, and
their associates." Just how long
this society existed
and what it accomplished does not
appear to be definite-
ly recorded. One writer says that
"it seems to have
published nothing." There is
evidence, however, that
this statement is not strictly correct.
In 1852 there was
published Biographical and
Historical Memoirs of the
Early Pioneer Settlers of Ohio with
Narratives and In-
cidents Which Occurred In 1775, by S. P. Hildreth,
(543)
544
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications
M. D. The preface to this work was
written by Ed-
ward D. Mansfield, who states that,
"this is the second
volume of the early history of Ohio,
prepared by Doctor
Hildreth of Marietta, and published
under the auspices
of the Ohio Historical Society."
He signs his name
officially as "President of the
Ohio Historical Society."
The previous work to which he refers is
the Pioneer
History by Doctor Hildreth, which was published in
1848. The publisher's advertisement
opens with the
statement that "this work is
published under the super-
intendence of the Historical Society of
Cincinnati and
forms the first volume of its
transactions." It, there-
fore, appears that there was a
confusion of names.
Possibly the name changed from
Historical Society of
Cincinnati in 1848 to Historical
Society of Ohio in 1852.
The author of the two volumes, however,
in his intro-
duction to the one published in 1848,
uses the name
"Historical Society of
Cincinnati." We can scarcely
conclude that he made a mistake,
neither does it seem
at all probable that so careful a
writer as Mansfield
would have used the wrong name in his
preface.
On February 11, 1831, an act was passed
incorporat-
ing the Historical and Philosophical
Society of Ohio.
On the evening of December 21st of that
year, Ebenezer
Lane, J. C. Wright, Gustavus Swan,
Arius Nye, and
J. P. Kirtland, met and organized at
the court house in
Columbus- A resolution was adopted
making the in-
corporators already named, with the
exception of J. C.
Wright, members of the new society. Mr.
Wright was
already a member. A committee was then
appointed to
prepare a code of by-laws and report at
the next meet-
ing, December 31, 1831, when the
organizing of the so-
History of Archaeological
Society 545
ciety was completed and officers were
selected to serve
for the ensuing year.
From its organization to December,
1848, the Histor-
ical and Philosophical Society of Ohio
met in Columbus.
Those most active in its work, were:
Benjamin Tap-
pan, who was its first president; P. B.
Wilcox, Secre-
tary; J. C. Wright, Ebenezer Lane, and
Arius Nye.
The membership came from many parts of
the state and
the attendance was usually small. This
is readily un-
derstood when it is remembered that
transportation was
difficult and slow in these early years
and it required
considerable sacrifice of time and
effort to make the
journey from distant parts of the
state. An effort was
made to encourage the formation of
local societies
throughout Ohio. Five associations were
formed in dif-
ferent parts of the state in the years
1838-1844. One
of the most active of these was the
Logan County His-
torical Society, under whose auspices
was published the
American Pioneer. The Historical and Philosophical
Society of Ohio published a Journal and
Transactions in
two parts in the years 1838 and 1839,
containing articles
by Jacob Burnet, William H. Harrison,
James McBride,
Arius Nye, and others.
At the December meeting in 1848, on
motion of Sal-
mon P. Chase, the by-laws of the
Society were amended
so as to change the place of meeting
from Columbus to
Cincinnati. Afterward, this society was
united with
the Cincinnati Historical Society, or
the Ohio Historical
Society, or both, and the consolidated
societies retained
the name of the parent organization and
are still known
as the Historical and Philosophical
Society of Ohio.
Vol. XXXV--35.
546 Ohio Arch. and
Hist. Society, Publications The history of that organization is set forth in detail on previous pages of this issue of the QUARTERLY. Prior to 1875, no historical society had been or- ganized in Ohio receiving direct support from the state.1 In the year 1875, an archaeological society was formed at the home of General Brinkerhoff in Mansfield, Ohio. Chiefly through his efforts, the society received an ap- propriation from the General Assembly of two thousand five hundred dollars, to be expended in making an ex- hibit at the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia. Professor John T. Short, of the Ohio State University, was secretary of the Society, a position which he filled until his death, November 11, 1883, when the Society virtually ceased to exist. At the suggestion of Gover- nor Hoadly, the Society was revived at a meeting in the office of the Secretary of State, February 12, 1885. Much interest was manifested at this meeting, which adjourned to meet again on the twelfth day of March, following, at Columbus, Ohio. In response to circulars sent out, about sixty men from different parts of the state met at the appointed time in the room of the State Library at the Capitol. This meeting continued in ses- sion two days and an organization was perfected and incorporated, March 12, 1885, under the name of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society. The names of those signing the articles of incorporation were: |
A. G. Thurman Douglas Putnam John W. Andrews |
S. S. Rickly H. Sabine C. J. Wetmore |
E. B. Finley Wm. E. Moore W. P. Cutler |
1 For detailed history of the Ohio State
Archaeological and Historical Society from 1875 to 1914 see Ohio Archaeological
and Historical Publica- tions, v.22,
pp. 339-361. |
History of Archaeological Society 547 |
A. W. Imes Israel W. Andrews J. J. Janney John B. Peaslee N. S. Townshend D. H. Gard |
Samuel C. Derby Chas. W. Bryant A. A. Graham E. M. P. Brister Beman Gates W. A. Schultz |
Alexis Cope R. Brinkerhoff T. Ewing Miller Henry C. Chittenden J. S. Robinson. |
The presidents of the Society in the
order of their service have been: Allen G. Thurman,
Francis C. Ses- sions, Rutherford B. Hayes, Roeliff
Brinkerhoff, George Frederick Wright, and James
E. Campbell. The secretaries have been: A. A. Graham,
Emilius 0. Ran- dall. The affairs of the Society are
under the direction of a board of fifteen trustees, nine
elected by the So- ciety, six appointed by the
Governor, and two to serve ex-officio. Following is the present
roster of officers and trustees: OFFICERS. Arthur C. Johnson
..................... .
President George F. Bareis .............
.............. st Vice President Edward Orton, Jr ......... .......... 2nd Vice President Edwin F.
Wood.................................Treasurer C. B.
Galbreath...............Secretary, Librarian and Editor W .
C. M ills
.......................................Director TRUSTEES ELECTED BY THE SOCIETY Terms Expire in 1926. W. O. Thompson
..................... .
Columbus Edward Orton, Jr ................................. Columbus Webb C. Hayes .................................. Fremont Terms Expire in 1927. George F. Bareis..........................Canal W inchester Beman G. Dawes ................................. Columbus Edwin F. Wood
................................. Columbus Terms Expire in 1928. Clarence D. Laylin ................................ Columbus Arthur C. Johnson .......... ...
......... Columbus George Florence
................................ Circleville |
548 Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society
Publications
APPOINTED BY THE
GOVERNOR
Terms Expire as
Indicated.
J. Warren Keifer,
Springfield ..........................1925
Claude Meeker,
Columbus ..............................
1926
F. C. Furniss,
Columbus ............................... 1926
Joseph C. Goodman,
Columbus .......................... 1927
Mrs. Orson D. Dryer,
Columbus ........................ 1927
Carl Armstrong,
Youngstown ........................... 1928
MEMBERS EX-OFFICIO
The Governor
The State
Superintendent of Public Instruction
Since its
organization in 1885, the Society has been
continuously active
in "promoting knowledge of
Archaeology and
History, especially of Ohio", as set
forth more fully in
its articles of incorporation. Its col-
lection of specimens,
relics and souvenirs has steadily
grown. Its
publications now number many volumes
that are widely
distributed throughout the State in the
public schools and
colleges and are eagerly sought by
those interested in
the archaeology and history of Ohio.
In volume two of the
Publications of the Society is
found the statement
in regard to the first rooms occu-
pied for its
collections. This statement, which is in-
cluded in Mr.
Graham's report to the Society, reads in
part as follows:
Through the courtesy
of Adjutant H. A. Axline, a room on
the third floor, east
side of the State House, has been assigned
to the Society. Though
somewhat out of the way and not well
lighted, still it is
all that can be had now. In order to utilize
it to the best
possible advantage, I have had cases placed along
the west end and south
side, without partitions, and with glass
doors. By such an
arrangement all light entering the room from
a large window on the
north side is saved. Above the cases and
along the east side I
have arranged the twenty-nine framed col-
ored charts donated to
the Society by the commissioners in
charge of the Ohio
Exhibit at the Centennial Exposition in Cin-
History of Archaeological
Society 549
cinnati. On the west end are two large
paintings, one represent-
ing the Landing of Major Putnam's Party
at the Mouth of the
Muskingum, April 7, 1788. The other
represents Reverend John
Finley preaching his first sermon to
the Wyandotte Indians, Jon-
athan Pointer (negro) interpreting, at
the Upper Sandusky Mis-
sion, 1819.
In this report, Mr. Graham, who at the
beginning
was not only secretary but historian,
editor and arch-
aeologist, set forth briefly the
contents of the room in
the State House in which the
possessions of the Society
had been installed. The archaeological
exhibit then in-
cluded only 1898 items. Under the head
of Indian im-
plements, there are 139 additional
items. There were
photographs, magazines, pamphlets and
miscellaneous
manuscripts. The library contained 300
books. The
entire contents of the room presented a
very humble
contrast with the museum and library of
the Society
today.
At first, the government of the Society
was vested in a
board of twenty-one trustees, divided
into three classes
of seven members each, each serving
three years, one
class being chosen annually. The
Society elected five
of each class and the Governor appointed
two.
In the report of the Society to the
Governor, Febru-
ary 19, 1894, the moving of the museum
collection from
the State House to Orton Hall on the
grounds of the
Ohio State University is announced. The
statement is
made that the "Archaeological
section has been placed
by Professor Orton on the gallery floor
of the geological
room." The historical exhibit was
to be provided for
elsewhere in the same building.
From the report to the Governor for the
year ending
February 19, 1895, we learn that in the
previous year
550
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications
the services of Warren K. Moorehead had
been secured
and he had been placed in charge of the
Department of
Archaeology. Mr. Moorehead may,
therefore, be con-
sidered the first archaeologist of the
Society, that work
having previously been performed by the
secretary, Mr.
Graham. On January 15, 1895, Mr.
Moorehead made
his first report through the secretary
to the Society.
On August 6, 1897, Mr. Moorehead
resigned and Mr.
Clarence Loveberry was elected curator
to fill the va-
cancy. On February 4, 1898, Mr.
Loveberry was ap-
pointed by the United States government
as inspector
in the Department of Veterinary Science
and was
granted leave of absence by the board
of trustees. Mr.
Raymond Osborn and Miss Lucy Allen had
charge of
the museum in the absence of the
curator.
On June 1, 1898, the executive
committee elected Wil-
liam C. Mills, a graduate of the Ohio
State University,
to the position of curator of the
Society. Dr. Mills was
at the time of the appointment an
experienced archaeol-
ogist and was well acquainted with the
work that had
already been done in the Ohio field. He
had, as subse-
quent years demonstrated, a wonderful
vision of the un-
developed archaeological resources of
the State and the
means to be employed in their
development. He is now
director of the museum of the Society
and all of its ac-
tivities.
In the winter of 1902 to 1903, the Ohio
State Univer-
sity tendered to the Historical Society
rooms in Page
Hall on the university grounds. These
rooms were ac-
cepted and the museum was transferred.
A full account
of this transfer is found in the annual
report of the
History of Archaeological
Society 551
curator, Dr. Mills, which was presented
at the eight-
eenth annual meeting of the Society,
June 5, 1903.
On Decoration Day, May 30, 1914, the
new building
of the Ohio State Archaeological and
Historical Society
on the grounds of the State University
was dedicated
with appropriate ceremonies. In the
afternoon of that
day, the annual meeting of the Society
was held. The
curator and librarian, Dr. Mills, in
his report, gave a
full account of the transfer of the
museum and library
to the new building where it has since
remained. Since
the dedication of the Memorial Wing of
that building,
the museum has been gradually extending
into the addi-
tional space thus provided for it.
Mr. A. A. Graham served as secretary of
the Society
from its organization in March, 1885,
until November
10, 1894. In the face of much
discouragement, he was
perhaps the chief personal factor in
the organization of
the Society. Before beginning the work
he had edited
a number of county histories. He
visited many sections
of the State in the interest of the
Society to set forth its
purposes and importance.
At the meeting of the Society, February
20, 1894,
complimentary resolutions were adopted
expressing ap-
preciation of the services of Mr.
Graham, and regret-
ting that ill health required his
resignation. He was re-
elected at this meeting for one year
without salary, and
Emilius O. Randall was chosen assistant
and acting sec-
retary. From this time forward, Mr.
Randall took up
and carried forward the work with zeal
and consum-
mate ability.
Under date of November 10, 1894, Mr.
Graham
wrote a letter to the vice-president of
the Society, Wil-
552
Ohio Arch. and[ Hist. Society Publications
liam E. Moore, in which he reviewed
briefly the history
of the organization from the time that
he began his
work until that date. In this letter he
made his final
resignation and Mr. Randall was
promoted from acting
secretary to the secretaryship of the
Society, a position
in which he served until the date of
his death, December
18, 1919, a period of twenty-five
years. There was a
vacancy in the position until March 16,
1920, when C.
B. Galbreath, the present incumbent,
was elected to the
position.
From the incorporation of the Society
in 1885, its
membership has been extended and the
growth of its
museum collections has been continuous.
Especially
has this been true since its transfer
into its building on
the Ohio State University grounds. In
artifacts of the
mound builders the collection is
perhaps the most nota-
ble in the world. Interesting additions
are made every
year by scientific exploration of Ohio
mounds which are
continually yielding new treasures to
this department.
THE MUSEUM
The promotion of a knowledge of
archaeology was the
first-named purpose of the Society. The
preservation
of our archaeological material and
earthworks early en-
gaged its interest and effort. The
Museum has natur-
ally grown along that line. It now
contains an un-
rivalled collection of implements,
ornaments and re-
mains of the prehistoric race or races
that occupied the
valley of the Ohio, embracing the
states of Ohio, West-
ern Pennsylvania, West Virginia,
Kentucky, Indiana
and Illinois. Restoration of the
cultures of these peo-
ple have been made, including models of
their burial
mounds, village sites, forts and
memorial structures.
History of Archaeological
Society 553
These old cultures fall under two
general classifica-
tions: 1st--The Fort Ancient or low
culture group, in-
cluding the sites of Baum Village,
Gartner Village,
Feurt Village and others. 2nd--The
Hopewell cultural
group, including the Harness, Hopewell,
Seip, Mound
City, Turner, Frankfort and Tremper
earthworks. The
latter group yields ornaments of
copper, iron, mica,
pearls, sometimes gold, silver and
amber, richly carved
and worked bone and stone, and
represents the highest
culture achieved by the mound builders.
One particular-
ly rare exhibit is a magnificent
necklace of 320 fresh
water pearls, perfectly preserved,
which was found on
the remains of a Hopewell burial.
The Hopewell Mounds also yielded a
remarkable col-
lection of cut mica ornaments,
thousands of arrow
heads, spear heads, spears, and all the
implements of
war and peace.
The Museum also contains a remarkable
collection
of material taken from the mounds of the
Adena culture
which antedated the Hopewell culture.
The Museum is particularly rich in
artifacts of the
non mound-building prehistoric people
of Ohio, as rep-
resented by implements and weapons made
of stone.
The curved stone axes and plain celts
belong to this cul-
ture.
Many private collections have been
given intact to the
Society by various collectors. The
largest and most
noteworthy of these is the
"Kettering Collection," pre-
sented by C. F. Kettering of Dayton.
Next in importance are the relics,
mementos and
souvenirs in the Historical Department
of the Museum.
These include arms used in all our
wars, implements
554
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society, Publications
of pioneer industry, items illustrative
of the develop-
ment of Ohio, and mementos of those who
have served
in places of trust and power. Here, for
example, is an
interesting model of Campus Martius,
the fortified
home of the first Ohio settlers, built
at Marietta, in
1788. Here are the desk and chair used
by Edward Tif-
fin, the first elected governor of Ohio
(1803 to 1807),
and many other articles of furniture,
apparel, and uten-
sils of the earliest settlers in this
region. And here,
also, are the "Wayne Relics",
consisting of some of the
personal effects of General "Mad
Anthony" Wayne,
and the Grand Calumet or peace pipe
which was used
at the signing of the Greenville
Treaty. It was this
treaty that brought an end to the
warfare with the In-
dians in this territory and opened it
to white settlers.
A photographic copy of the treaty
itself is on one of
the walls of the Museum. The Greenville
pipe is said
to be "the rarest pipe in
existence."
Here in these cases are the "John
Brown Relics"--
a very valuable and interesting
collection of pre-Civil
War equipment and utensils, including
several photo-
graphs of John Brown and his
companions. This col-
lection came into the custody of the
Society through
Mrs. T. B. Alexander, granddaughter of
John Brown.
In another case is "The Fitch
Model Steam Engine"
said to be the first for application of
steam for motive
power. It was used to propel a
steam-boat in 1786.
The Museum contains all of the Civil
War and other
relics formerly displayed in the Relic
Room in the State
House. These include drums, knapsacks, cartridge
belts, spurs, cooking utensils,
garments, practically ev-
erything in use in those days for war and
peace. The
History of Archaeological
Society 555
Spanish-American War is represented,
too, but by less
abundant material.
A recent and valuable accession is the
silver service
of the battleship Ohio, consisting
of twenty-six mas-
sive pieces, beaten and chased in a
handsome design of
the Buckeye leaves and fruit and
bearing the Seal of
Ohio and of the U. S. Navy on the
borders. With this
came the ship's bell, and the loving
cup presented to
the battleship by Miss Helen Deshler
who was her spon-
sor. These souvenirs were obtained for
the Society
through the prompt and efficient
services of U. S. Sen-
ator Frank B. Willis and Governor Vic
Donahey, when
the Ohio was broken up in April,
1923, in accordance
with the Treaty for the Limitation of
Naval Arma-
ments. They were transferred to the
Museum in July,
1924.
The exhibits of the World War are
already abundant
and valuable. A large consignment of
trophies, includ-
ing German cannon and arms of all
classes has been
received, and will soon be ready for
exhibition in the
Memorial Wing. The room there available
now makes
it possible to receive and install
additions contributed
by World War veterans and their
friends.
THE LIBRARY
The Library of the Society now contains
about 22,000
volumes, many unbound newspapers and a
creditable
beginning of manuscripts, autographs
and other mate-
rial. The major portion of this
collection relates al-
most entirely to the history,
archaeology and natural his-
tory of Ohio and the Northwest
Territory. It has been
growing rapidly in the last three
years, especially in
556
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications
the volumes of bound newspapers of
Ohio, and the time
is not far distant when it will
contain, as it should, the
best collection of this sort of
material to be found in this
or any other state.
Notable among the resources of the
library is a large
collection of newspapers, pamphlets and
unbound post-
ers relating to the World War and
Ohio's part in that
conflict of the nations. Newspaper
clippings have been
mounted in scrap books, indexed and arranged
accord-
ing to subject matter or county.
Sixty-six Ohio coun-
ties are represented in these clippings
and newspaper
files covering the period of the war
will soon be added
from practically all the counties of
the State. There are
in addition complete sets of government
food bulletins,
reports of the Red Cross and other
World War activi-
ties, and about seven hundred World War
posters.
In recent years the library has been
enriched by the
addition of some notable private
collections. Among
these are the following:
1. "The Claude Meeker Library of
Ohioana," a gift
of the Honorable Claude Meeker, who is
at present a
member of the Board of Trustees of the
Society. It
contains the library of the late Daniel
J. Ryan, a total
of 2,110 volumes carefully selected
through many years
by Mr. Ryan. Additions are frequently made by the
generous donor, Mr. Meeker.
2. The Gard Alcove, including the
private library
presented by the late Daniel Hosmer
Gard, the last sur-
viving charter member of the Society.
In its four thou-
sand volumes there is much source
material and a good.
ly number of rare "first
editions."
3. The library of the Old Northwest
Genealogical
History of Archaeological
Society 557
Society, including a complete set of
its publications and
large numbers of its unbound quarterly
magazine. This
library, the gift of Messrs. George
Spahr and Theo-
dore E. Glenn, into whose possession it
had come to sat-
isfy claims, was secured through the
efforts of General
Edward Orton, Jr., second
vice-president of the Society.
4. The Coonskin Library of Ames, Athens
county.
Through the considerate interest and generosity
of Miss
Sarah J. Cutler, a lineal descendant of
one of the pio-
neer families of Marietta, the Society
is in possession of
the famous "Coonskin
Library." It marks one of the
very earliest efforts of the settlers
of Ohio to provide
library facilities for themselves and
their children. As
such, it is of distinct historic value.
It consists of a case
and books which were acquired by the
settlers in Athens
county, who, in their eagerness to
acquire educational
advantages, trapped coons and other
animals and sent
the skins to Boston to be traded for
books. The elder
Thomas Ewing, at the age of fifteen
years, put into this
enterprise his entire accumulated
wealth of ten coon
skins and in after years paid eloquent tribute
to this pio-
neer educational agency. This library
was founded
February 2, 1804.
NATURAL HISTORY
Recently a natural history department
has been add-
ed. Collections have been transferred
from certain de-
partments in the Ohio State University,
and the founda-
tion has been laid for a complete
exhibit of the wild life
of the State from the territorial
period to the present
time. Friends of the Society have
purchased the skele-
558
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications
ton of a mammoth found in Morrow
county, Ohio, which
will soon be mounted and placed on
exhibition.
PARKS AND MONUMENTS
The Society is the custodian of a
number of parks,
monuments and historic sites. Briefly
enumerated, these
are as follows:
1. Spiegel Grove State Park, located
within the cor-
porate limits of the city of Fremont
and containing the
home of President Rutherford B. Hayes,
the Hayes
Memorial Building and the tomb of
President and Mrs.
Hayes. In the Hayes Memorial Building
are the fine
library of Americana collected by the
late President
Hayes, his letters and papers in
manuscript form,
mementos and souvenirs of his public
service, and the
museum of rare and interesting items
collected largely
by his son, Colonel Webb C. Hayes.
2. Logan Elm Park, seven miles south of
Circle-
ville, containing the famous Logan Elm,
probably the
oldest living thing in Ohio. Near this
tree, or under its
spreading branches, the Indian Chief
Logan delivered
his famous speech or message to Lord
Dunmore in
October, 1774. This was presented to
his Lordship at
Camp Charlotte, about seven miles
southeast of Circle-
ville, where a treaty with the Indians
was in progress.
It was read there and afterwards widely
published.
3. Serpent Mound in the northern part
of Adams
county, one of the most noted
prehistoric earthworks
in the United States. The serpent
effigy is 1,254 feet
in length, is located in a park owned
by the Society and
is distinctly visible from an
observation tower.
4. Fort Ancient, situated on an
eminence just east of
History of Archaeological
Society 559
the Little Miami River in Washington
township, War-
ren county. It is a great defensive
earthwork in the
form of a wall, following for the most
part the irreg-
ular verge of the plateau on which it
stands. Its entire
length is 18,712 feet and it encloses
two triangular areas
and a narrow connecting area
aggregating about 100
acres. It is the greatest defensive
prehistoric earth-
work in the state, is located in a park
and is much fre-
quented by tourists.
5. Big Bottom Park, located near
Stockport, Mor-
gan county, and including the site of a
blockhouse in
which a number of persons were
surprised and massa-
cred by the Indians, January 2, 1791.
6. Fort Laurens Park, containing the
site of Fort
Laurens, near Bolivar, the only
defensive work of its
character built by the colonists within
the present limits
of Ohio in the Revolutionary War. It
has recently
been improved by the erection of a
house for a care-
taker.
7. Schoenbrunn Park, a short distance
south of New
Philadelphia, containing the site of
the village of
Schoenbrunn, in which Moravian
missionaries, in 1772,
built the first schoolhouse and the
first church within the
limits of the state of Ohio.
8. The site of the birthplace of
Tecumseh and the
Battle of Piqua, in which the Indians
were defeated by
troops under the command of George
Rogers Clark,
August 8, 1780. On this site, a short
distance west of
Springfield, a monument has been
erected in honor of
General Clark.
9. Fort Amanda Park, located one mile
north of
Buckland, in Auglaize county, and
including the site of
560
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications
Fort Amanda, built in October, 1812. A
monument has
been erected here.
10. Fort St. Clair Park, near Eaton,
including the
site of old Fort St. Clair, erected in
the winter of 1791-
1792. A large granite boulder with
bronze tablet marks
this site. Near it a battle was fought
with the Indians
in 1792.
11. Campus Martius, the first stockade
fort built
at Marietta, in 1788. On the site is
still standing the
home of Rufus Putnam, erected within
this stockade.
12. The Miamisburg Mound, located near
Miamis-
burg, Montgomery county, the largest
conical shaped
mound in Ohio. It has been purchased
and presented
to the Society by Mr. C. F. Kettering
of Dayton.
13. The Battle of Fallen Timbers State
Park, lo-
cated on the site of the Battle of
Fallen Timbers near
Maumee, where General Anthony Wayne
defeated the
Indians in August, 1794.
14. The Felix Renick Monument, at the
roadside two
miles south of Chillicothe. This
monument marks the
site of the first sale of shorthorn
cattle in America, Oc-
tober 29, 1836.
PUBLICATIONS
The influence of the Society is perhaps
most widely
felt through its publications. From the
beginning, the
Ohio Archaeological and Historical
Quarterly has been
in popular demand. The annual volumes,
now number-
ing 34, are on the shelves of the
public libraries and
many of the school libraries of the
state. The earlier
volumes have been republished a number
of times from
plates in the possession of the Society
to supply the pop-
ular demand. An index volume for the
entire series is
History of
Archaeological Society
561
much needed and will
be prepared under the direction of
the Secretary as soon
as funds are provided for that
purpose. The other
publications of the Society have evi-
dently supplied a
need as a number of them have been
reprinted to fill
orders that come to the Society in stead-
ily increasing
numbers. The entire list of publications
is here appended.
Butterfield, Consul
Willshire. George Rogers Clark's
Conquest of the Illinois
and the Wabash towns,
1778 and 1779. 815 pages ............................ $1 50
An authentic account
in concise and complete form of Clark's conquest.
Cole, W. H. Map and guide to The Great Serpent Mound. 24
pages.......... $0 25
This title is
self-explanatory. The pamphlet is a guide to The Great Ser-
pent Mound of Adams
County, Ohio. The author, Professor W. H. Cole,
as for a number of
years, been chairman of the committee of the Society
on Serpent Mound Park.
Elwood, P. H., Jr. Scenic and Historic Ohio. A map of Ohio showing scenic
and historic features,
with index arranged by counties, and points of in-
terest. 2d
edition
............................................................. Free
This is a reprint of
the first edition with numerous additions made by the
library staff of the
Society. The printed text covers 90 pages. The pub-
lication is
distributed without charge to those calling at the office of the
Society for it. It is
sent by mail to any address on receipt of five cents
in stamps or cash to
pay postage.
Fowke, Gerard. Archaeological History of Ohio. 760 pages . ....................
$5 00
A work of absorbing
interest not only to Ohioans but to all archaeological
students.
Galbreath, C. B. (editor). Expedition of Celoron to the Ohio Country
in 1749.
140 pages.
Paper $0 50.
Cloth
................................................$ 1 25
Contains all of
importance that has been written on this subject, including
full text of the
translation of the Journals of Celoron and Father Bonne-
camps.
Huntington, C. C.
and McClelland, C. P. History of Ohio
Canals. Their con-
struction, cost, use
and partial abandonment. 181 pages. Paper $0 50.
Cloth
...............................................................................$1
00
The material for this
valuable contribution was prepared by two students
of the Ohio State
University, under direction of Professor J. E. Hagerty,
Department of
Political Science and Economics.
McGrane, Reginald
Charles. William Allen: A Study in
Western Democracy.
279 pages
..........................................................................
$2 50
An impartial biography
of Ohio's former United States Senator and Gov-
ernor, with bibliography
and index.
Martzolff, C. L. Poems on Ohio. 221 pages..............................
.... $1 00
A carefully collected
anthology of poems on Ohio.
Mills, William
C. Map and guide to Fort Ancient. 28 pages.................. $0.25
An authentic map and
accurate description of this remarkable earth-
work, fully
illustrated.
Mills, William C. Archaeological Atlas of Ohio. 187
pages............. ..........$3 00
This atlas shows the
distribution of the various classes of prehistoric re-
mains in Ohio. It is
published in oblong folio form and the pages are
numbered 1-88. It
contains a full page map of each of the 88 counties
of the state and
opposite each of these maps is a page of descriptive mat-
ter, in many instances
accompanied with one or more cuts. There are
11 introductory pages
of text and illustrations, including two full page
maps of Ohio, one
showing Indian trails and towns and the other the dis-
tribution of mounds
and enclosures. This atlas is the only one of its
kind that is published
by any state and is, of course, an essential aid to
any one interested in
the subject that it presents.
Ohio Archaeological
and Historical Publications. Vols.
1-35; vols. 1-32 bound
in cloth, per
volume ........... ...............................................
These publications in
bound formare the annual volumes of the Ohio
Archaeological and
Historical Quarterly. They contain contributions and
monographs devoted to
the history of Ohio and the Northwest Territory.
Vol. XXXV -- 36.
562 Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications
Ohio Archaeological and Historical
Quarterly. Separate issues each
............ $0 75
Randall, E. O. (editor). The Centennial Celebration. 730
pages................ $1 50
The entire proceedings of the
celebration, held under the auspices of the
Society, at Chillicothe, May 20 and 21,
1903, of the admission of Ohio into
the Union, March 1, 1803.
Randall, E. O. The Serpent Mound, Adams County, Ohio. Mystery of the
Mound and history of the Serpent. 125
pages. Paper $3 . Cloth........ $1
00
The most complete work on this mound
that has been published.
Randall, E. O. The Ohio Mound Builders. 126
pages............................ $1 00
Fully illustrated; presents a detailed
description of the masterpieces of
Ohio Mound Builders.
Williams, Charles Richard (editor). Diary and letters of Rutherford Birchard
Hayes. 5 volumes. Vols. 1-4 have been
published and bound. Vol. 5 with
index is in press.
The sale of these volumes has not been
authorized. They have been dis-
tributed to state libraries and to Ohio
public libraries. When publication
is complete they will be sent to
Historical Society libraries. A number of
sets in the possession of the Society
are available for distribution in ex-
change for other publications.
Zeisberger, David. History of the Northern American Indians. Edited by
Archer Butler Hulbert and William
Nathaniel Schwarze. 189 pages........ $2 00
An original, authentic, and interesting
account of the North American In-
dians that were found in the northern
part of what is now the United
States, by Zeisberger, the famous
Moravian missionary.
MEMBERSHIP
The Society desires to add to its
membership. The
following excerpts from the Constitution
of the Society
sets forth the classes and conditions
of membership and
the fee charged for each.
The membership of this Society shall be
divided into three
classes designated as follows: Life Members, Active Members
and Honorary Members. Application for
membership shall be
made to the Secretary of the Society.
Upon the approval of the
Society or Board of Trustees and the
payment of the annual fee
such applicants shall be declared
members.
The payment at any one time of
twenty-five dollars ($25.00)
to the Society shall constitute the
person so paying a life mem-
ber. Life members shall be exempt from
all further dues and
shall be entitled to all the privileges
of active membership. Any
person who shall make a donation to the
Society, or contribute
a service, the value of which shall be
determined by the trustees
to be not less than twenty-five dollars
($25.00) shall be entitled
to life membership. Said life membership payments shall con-
stitute a permanent fund to be invested
at the discretion of the
Board of Trustees, The income only of this fund is to be
used
by the Society for such purposes as the
Board of Trustees may
direct.
Active members shall be residents of
Ohio, and shall pay in
advance an annual fee of two dollars.
They shall be entitled to
History of Archaeological
Society 563
vote and hold office. They shall
receive free all publications of
the Society and have free access to the
museum and library.
ANNUAL MEETINGS
In the early history of the Society
addresses of a
scholarly and popular character were
delivered after the
reports of the various committees of
the Society and the
transaction of routine business. Later,
dating from
about the year 1914, this feature was
abandoned. It was
restored in 1920, when Governor Cox
made an address
at the afternoon session transferring
to the Society the
funds in his custody earned by World
War films of ac-
tivities at Camp Sherman, and John G.
Deshler pre-
sented valuable mementos formerly
belonging to his
father, William G. Deshler.
At the annual meetings of succeeding
years addresses
were delivered as follows:
1921. General J. Warren Keifer spoke on
his Civil
War experience and the reception of the
Emancipation
Proclamation on New Year's Day, 1863,
by that portion
of the Army in which he and his command
were sta-
tioned, and Professor Wilbur H. Siebert
read a paper
on "The Underground
Railroad."
1922. Doctor Edwin E. Sparks delivered
the princi-
pal address on "Interstate
Migration and the Making
of the Union." Doctor T. C.
Mendenhall spoke briefly,
supplementing the address of Doctor
Sparks, as did also
General J. Warren Keifer, recently
appointed on the
Board of Trustees.
1923. Doctor T. C. Mendenhall delivered
the annual
address on "The Town of Tallmadge,
Delia Bacon and
Shakespeare." Mrs. Orson D. Dryer
read a paper on
"Cornstalk; the Great Ohioan
Indian Chief", and Gov-
564
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications
ernor Donahey spoke briefly
congratulating the Society
on its work.
1924. The Indian Chief, Buffalo Child
Long Lance,
greatly pleased a large audience with
his interesting por-
trayal of Indian Customs and History.
1925. United States Senator Simeon D.
Fess deliv-
ered the annual address at the first
meeting held in the
auditorium of the new World War
Memorial Wing of
the Museum and Library Building of the
Society.
VISITORS
Visitors are always welcome at the
Museum and Li-
brary building of the Society situated
at the east en-
trance to the grounds of the Ohio State
University.
Schools, clubs, and granges, with
increasing frequency,
are coming to this building to view the
interesting ex-
hibits. They carry their impressions
back to their
friends who come on similar missions.
The trustees
and officers of the Society desire
especially to popularize
the institution and make it what it was
intended to be at
the beginning, one of the great
educational institutions
of the state.