CHAPTER XLVI



     DEATH OF CHIEF JUSTICE WAITE--GROUNDS FOR LIBERAL



      PENSION POLICY -- CHARACTER OF CONKLING -- NOM-



     INATION OF HARRISON -- PRISON CONGRESS AT BOSTON



        -- INTEREST IN STATE UNIVERSITY -- DEATH OF



       GENERAL SHERIDAN -- CINCINNATI CENTENNIAL EX-



        POSITION -- COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF LOYAL LEGION



                -- MARCH-NOVEMBER, 1888



   MARCH  23, 1888.--In Toledo this morning walking in

the street, I met Kramer, formerly of this town, who

told me of the death of the Chief Justice.  Verified it by tele-

phone to his brother Richard.

  Toledo has recently lost many valuable and greatly esteemed

citizens.  But none so beloved, so eminent, and possessing such

a combination of wonderful powers, high qualities, and attain-

ments [as] the friend we have now lost.  He  was of large and

strong intellect. He was great-hearted, warm-hearted, and of

generous, just, and noble sentiments and feelings. He was

thoroughly trained and schooled from his youth up. He was

in the best sense a learned man and a well educated man. He

had saving common sense, untiring industry, and great energy.

He was always cheerful, easily made happy by others, and with

amazing powers and a never-failing disposition to make others

happy.  He was the best beloved man that ever lived in this part

of the United States.  His death is felt as a personal loss and

grief by a multitude of people in every walk of life from the

humblest to the most exalted.

  As a Chief Justice I do not venture to speak of him. In other

circles ample attention, justice, will be done to his conduct in his

great office and to the services which it enabled him to render

to his country. Here we must ever think of Morrison R. Waite

as a man; a man so altogether worthy that no title, no dignity,

no office, and no opportunities could add to the respect, admira-

tion, and love in which he is held--simply as a citizen, neighbor,

                         (380)









             DEATH OF CHIEF JUSTICE WAITE          381



and friend--by all who have known him long and well.  Here

in Toledo the memory of Morrison R. Waite will be ever cher-

ished with undying affection.--Hail and farewell!

  March 24.  Saturday.--Webb came last evening.  We  call

him our "Anarchy." He is full of fun and life. A relief after

our sadness. But we return to it. Dear, dear "Mott Waite,"

how beloved he was!



                                  SPIEGEL, March 25, 1888.

  MY DARLING:--The death of Chief Justice Waite after a

few days' sickness -- pneumonia -- was a shock and fills us with

gloom and sorrow.  Mrs. Waite had just gone to California. She

is now on her mournful journey home. She returns to Toledo

direct. The Chief Justice will probably be buried at Toledo this

week.

  If so, we go to the wedding of Lucy Cook Monday and will be

absent about a week. Your coming home is a joy indeed. To

be sure, our weather is now wintry enough. A deep snow for

three days, and now a sleet such as broke down our trees four

or five years ago! But you will have a warm welcome in any

weather. It is not probable that I can go to New York in time

for your arrival.  If it can be managed, Rutherford will meet

you in New York at the Fifth Avenue Hotel, or as far out at

sea as he can get. Of course, we cannot say positively who will

meet you, but it seems now as if it would be Rutherford. . . .

  We long for you. Our best wishes and love to the general,

Emily, Lilly, and all the young people.

                       Affectionately,

                                    RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

  MISS FANNY HAYES,

    Soncy, Bermuda.



  March 29. Thursday.--The funeral of Chief Justice Waite at

Toledo. With Sherman, Evarts, Allison, George, and Gray,

Senators, lunched at the Boody House. An interesting conver-

sation. With Justices Miller [and] Harlan and with Evarts









382          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



rode out to Birchard's new home. A pleasant visit for Lucy

and Mary.

  P. M. With the justices at the funeral in Trinity Church.

Justice Lamar spoke [to me] in warm terms of my dealing with

the Southern and other questions--of the success of my Ad-

ministration. "One part of your Administration all approve.

Mrs. Hayes will be always remembered as the perfect hostess

at the White House. If you go South you will be warmly wel-

comed everywhere. Mrs. Hayes must come with you. She has

a warm place in our affections."  All very pleasant to hear.

  Rode to the church with Justices Miller and Harlan. After

Dr. Walbridge's funeral address and the other exercises, Justice

Miller said they would not go to the graveyard. "Take our

carriage," said he. This I did. Not wishing to be alone I asked

a policeman to get me company. Two polite and intelligent

young men were put in the carriage. They were very civil and

grateful.



              SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO, April 3, 1888.

  MY DEAR S--: -- It is not likely that Mrs. Hayes will accom-

pany me to New York. Your friendly suggestion is appreciated.

But it is scarcely to be expected that I will have time for "com-

pany dinner."  With you I can spend a good sitting.

  No more public life for me! I will retain the place of the

one man who having reached the Presidency would not seek or

accept a second term. I hear of the governorship occasionally but

uniformly reply that under no circumstances would I take the

nomination, and this is final.

                 With best wishes, sincerely,

                                              R. B. HAYES.

  HON. WILLIAM HENRY SMITH.



  April 13, 1888. Friday.--We reached home from our Ohio

Centennial journey last evening from Cleveland after a most

delightful tour.

  [Monday, April 2], to Columbus. Dined with Laura. Thence

Lucy to Chillicothe that evening. I spent the night at the Park









             A LIBERAL PENSION POLICY          383



Hotel and at a banquet with Professor Lazenby, Dr. Townsend,

Colonel Brigham, et al., of the experiment station with the new

superintendent or director, Mr. Thorne.  The Pugh election that

night. Tuesday to Chillicothe.  Wedding of Lucy H. Cook to

Mr.  McCandless,  of  Allegheny  City.       A   lovely  affair.

Wednesday with Maggie Gilmore on the hill.  Dined with Joe

McKell and Aunt McKell in the evening.  Thursday to Marietta.

Spent the days of the centennial with Douglas Putnam, viz.,

until Monday, 9th. A model New England family of the old

style.  Senator George F. Hoar and other guests.  The Senator

was capital company and made a solid and perfect oration.  Mon-

day, 9th,  . . . to Wellington.  At American House all night

in Wellington.  Visited M.  E. church in the morning  (Mr.

Houghton) and reached, with Warner, Cleveland about 10:30

A. M.  At Mrs. I. Austin's 10th [of] April.  April 11 at

Forest City House, Cleveland, all night.  Presided over the

Loyal  Legion  banquet  and  made  a  satisfactory  speech

"impromptu."  Ditto, after Hoar in Marietta.

  Altogether a very satisfactory trip of ten days with Lucy, who

was everywhere the life of all circles, especially at Cleveland

with the Loyal Legion.  The singer, Miss Agnes Huntington,

and Mrs. Ford were the musical attractions of the evening at

Loyal Legion banquet.

  Quote Judge Burnett on the treatment of the Revolutionary

soldiers.  Poverty furnished then an excuse -- at least a pretext

--for the ingratitude of the then young and feeble republic.

But now with a surplus! I wish there was [were] half as much

desire to do our full duty by the soldier as there is to take care

of the surplus money in the treasury!

  Father Bauer was right.  The man who is accepted as a sol-

dier, signs his enlistment and takes the oath, unless he forfeits

it by bad conduct which can be proved, is thenceforth the ward

of the republic, as he is the lifeguard of its safety, and must

be taken care of. Suppose he lacks thrift, economy, sobriety,

industry. He is part of our standing army. I speak for no

particular measure.  I speak for the spirit, the sentiment, the

principle, which should govern us.









384          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



  April 14.  Saturday.--Senator Hoar  was very interesting.

Humorous anecdotes bubbled up naturally in his conversation.

Good nature, kindness, friendliness, and the savor of integrity

and patriotism pervaded his talk.

  One story on his brother, Judge Hoar, of Concord, illustrated

the strength of local feeling. Lexington claims the honor of

the first bloodshed of the Revolution. Concord also. Riding

in the cars home from the Cincinnati Convention the judge said:

"It was very hard to vote against Blaine. He came to the

Concord Centennial and attended all of its exercises, and he

never went near Lexington."

  April 15.  Sunday.--Wrote a great many letters.  The awful

heap gathered during our centennial trip is almost disposed of.

Heard Dr. Barnes preach a capital sermon.





                            FREMONT, OHIO, April 16, 1888.

  MY DEAR SIR:--Your letter finds me overburdened with de-

mands on my time. I rejoice with you in your restored health,

and in the encouraging prospects of your noble work.  I trust

you will fully recover and that your enterprise will be altogether

successful.

  As to the name of your industrial work, I prefer to see the

names of generous givers to the endowment fund honored in

naming institutions.   I have  just received a letter from Dr.

Haygood in which he furnishes abundant ground for thankful-

ness in view of the progress making in his educational work.

  With all good wishes.

                          Sincerely,

                                    RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

  REV. W. D. GOODMAN.                  





  April 19.  Thursday.--Chief Justice Waite had a large, warm

heart, filled full of love for his fellow men.  He had a sound

head in which a good conscience and a wise judgment were at

home. He had a cheerful and friendly spirit that easily made

captive even the most gloomy and coldest of those around him.









             THE CHARACTER OF CONKLING          385



His industry and persevering ability to work without ceasing

long hours after others were wearied and worn out, made him

a matchless lawyer in difficult and responsible work.

  Conkling's death calls up the past. He was talented and able

in the debates of public life; but, as I see it, his place is largely

due to his manipulation of men and patronage. He had no

measures, made no memorable speeches, but his fidelity to sup-

porters and skill in flattery, with an impressive presence and

manner, were his chief points. An inordinate egotism and self-

will were too much for his judgment. If he could not rule, he

would not "play." He was unfaithful to his party whenever he

could not control it. Examples are numerous. He failed in

1876 after his disappointment at Cincinnati. A man with less

vanity would have known that he had no chance there. After

the election, during the contest over the disputed results, he

was again untrue, but lacked the courage to carry out his wishes.

In the Potter Committee business he intrigued with the common

enemy. He had to be pacified in the Garfield campaign. After

the election he required control of New York appointments as a

condition of support of the Garfield Administration. After his

defeat in New York due [to] -- brought about by his "mono-

mania on the subject of his own importance," he was out of

political life until the convention at Chicago in 1884, when he

allowed it to be understood that he would support Blaine. But

when the election came on he, as usual, opposed his party, it

being no longer under his control.

  After I went to Washington and after the delivery of the

inaugural, he was profuse in admiration of my opinions and

course--this to me personally,--until the announcement of

my Cabinet, when he became hostile, never again calling on me.

We never spoke with each other afterwards. He wanted Platt

for Postmaster-General. That was the condition of his support.

  April 21.--Captain Alexis Cope, the secretary of the board

of trustees of the Ohio State University, an intelligent and

efficient man, here. Good company. The university to be im-

proved and popularized. Farmers, mechanics, and military men

to be especially considered in the university! Good.

   25









386          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



                            FREMONT, OHIO, April 22, 1888.

  MY DEAR SIR:--I have just read the debate on the election

of 1876. You have done an excellent work. You have vindi-

cated the truth of history. It is to me a great gratification, and

adds largely to the obligations I am under to you. I thank

you for it. This is probably the end of the debate. Your use

of the speeches of McEnery and Eustis was indeed crushing.

If anybody renews it, and you think it worth while to renew it,

there is a strong line of retort.

  1. Tilden was not nominated again in 1880 because the

cipher dispatches and the attempted Oregon fraud were traced

to his door.

  2. The Democrats did nominate Hancock who was the first

officer in uniform to call on me, and who always in public and

private recognized the validity of the election.

  3. The Republicans nominated Garfield, who as a visiting

statesman to Louisiana, reported to Hayes and to the country

that the State was legally, fairly, and equitably carried for

Hayes.

  4. Garfield as one of the Electoral Commission decided the

case for Hayes.

  The country endorsed him. But for the Morey forgery every

Northern State would have voted for him.

                   With thanks, sincerely,

                                    RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

  HONORABLE JOHN SHERMAN.



  April 24.--Last evening I made a speech, on the invitation

of the school board of Fremont, on manual training with a view

to its introduction into the public schools here. The city hall

was well crowded by an attentive and intelligent audience. At

the close of my address, Mr. F. S. White, perhaps our ablest

and wealthiest citizen, moved a vote of thanks to the speaker,

and "that it is the sense of this meeting that the school board

take immediate steps to introduce manual training into the public

schools next fall." A standing vote was unanimously in favor

of the motion.









             MANUAL TRAINING FOR FREMONT          387



  April 25.  Wednesday.--We  go--Lucy and I--to Toledo

this morning to be present at the encampment of the G. A. R.

for Ohio. I am a delegate from my post, but have no special

duty or purpose beyond my own satisfaction in meeting com-

rades of the war, and the little I can add to their enjoyment.

This I feel to be an agreeable duty.

  My speaking is unimportant. Five or ten minutes. The ideas

I will get off are the neglect of the Nation to provide for her

defenders. In the war of the Revolution, in the present case,

the States have felt compelled to take care of them.

Don't quote as precedents that govern the Revolutionary War.

The old heroes were shamefully neglected. Don't refer to the

soldiers of the War of 1812 or the Mexican War. But consider

the pledges given, the sacrifices made, the service rendered, and

its results.

  April 27. -- Received when I spoke Wednesday evening with

great warmth. Cheering all through and at the close "three

cheers and a tiger." Again well received Thursday evening. A

very harmonious meeting of the annual department encampment.

  Judge O'Neal, of Lebanon, commander, a prisoner of war,

had all of the experience of war in every form which could

befall any man in the Union army except death itself.



                             SPIEGEL GROVE, April 28, 1888.

  MY DEAR GENERAL:--I have been greatly gratified to learn

from Mr. Mack, of Sandusky, that the trustees of the Soldiers'

Home intend to appoint you as the head of the home. I do

hope, for many reasons, that you will find it consistent with

your interest and inclination to accept the position.  At first

there will, no doubt, be a good deal of care and labor connected

with it.  But with your ability as a disciplinarian as shown in

the war, I think you will soon find it easy to master the situa-

tion.  Would it not be well to make us a visit and look over

the ground with me?

                          Sincerely,

  GENERAL M. F. FORCE,                RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

    Cincinnati.









388          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



                            FREMONT, OHIO, April 28, 1888.

  MY DEAR SIR:--I have been greatly interested in your debate.

Any continuation of it will be eagerly read. But I don't wan't

you to get into any controversy which will be used against you

at Chicago. No doubt the body of the party want to see the

remains of the rebellious spirit firmly rebuked and promptly

met. It seems to me as if I had missed the beginning of the

debate. I have the 19th and 20th Record. Was there an earlier

debate?

  Chicago grows more interesting daily with your leadership

assured.

                          Sincerely,

                                    RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

  HONORABLE JOHN SHERMAN.



                         SPIEGEL, April 29, 1888. Sunday.

  MY DARLING:--Your letters make us happy. As long as

you are in New York I feel that you are almost at home. We

can easily reach you and hear from you, and many good friends

of your father and mother are near you. We gladly leave the

question of your remaining until I come the middle of next

month to you. The doctor's advice is to be duly heeded. You

will have no better opportunity than now to make a perfect job

of the surgery needed. . . .

  We love you ever so much, especially the elderly person.

                       Affectionately,

                                    RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

  MISS FANNY HAYES,

    New York.



  May 5.  Saturday.--Returned from Cincinnati via Welling-

ton last evening. A capital visit to Cincinnati. Stayed at the

Burnet House. The [Loyal Legion] banquet was well attended.

The finest in all respects we have had. General Sherman pre-

sided in his characteristic, offhand way. Speeches good. Mine

unusually well received.









             SLATER BOARD MEETING          389



  May 13. Sunday.--I go to New York tomorrow to attend

the annual meeting of the Slater board and to meet Fanny and

bring her home with me.



                     FIFTH AVENUE HOTEL, May 16, 1888.

  MY DARLING: -- I reached here at eight last evening and

found Fanny at 41 and 42 plump, blooming, and good, ready to

welcome me.  She had been in about two hours.  All agreeable.

Met Mr. Dodge on train, got President Gilman's card and a

note from Dr. Haygood. So we can begin [the Slater board

meeting] this morning, I suppose. I hope to get off in time to

reach home Saturday as I proposed.

  I send a sheet of the Tribune.  On one side is Bishop (?)

Taylor's report on his African work. One of the sharp questions

to come [up] in the [Methodist Episcopal General] Conference.

The other side has a bright criticism of Donnelly's book on the

Shakespeare-Bacon craze which may interest Birchard.

  I hope to keep away from the Conference. Indeed I will not

get into its clutches. I may go to see it.

  Be happy! As happy as you are good will do.

                        Affectionately,

  MRS. HAYES,                                          R.

    Fremont.



  May 17.  Thursday.--Our Slater meeting was interesting,

harmonious, and businesslike. All things are in good trim. The

report of Dr. Haygood shows the work to be going forward

prosperously. It was resolved to have a committee of three

select a school at Atlanta to aid more largely than heretofore in

the special interest of manual training by showing how far that

department of education among the negroes may be made self-

sustaining. As educational work merely, it is conceded that

learners must go on from one trade to another as soon as the

first is reasonably well learned. While for money-making they

must keep at the same work for much longer periods so as to

get the benefit of skill already acquired.









390          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



  After the adjournment, I visited with Dr. Haygood the In-

dustrial Training Normal school at Number 9 University Place

in care of Dr. Butler. Both of us were much interested. They

charge sixty dollars per year and thirty dollars per month for

pupils; that is, the first for tuition and the last for board and

lodging.

  May 18. Friday.--Called on Mrs. General Grant. A cor-

dial interview. Introduced to her sister, Mrs. Dent. An agree-

able talk on all matters of interest to her family and ours. The

wretched business with Badeau was shown up. Called, after-

noon, on Mrs. Parsons.  She was out.  On General and Miss

Sherman. A pleasant visit. Fanny rode with Dr. Bosworth;

a fine ride in the park.  I went into the empty Metropolitan

Opera House; found difficulty in getting out; Conference not

in session.

  Dined with Mr. and Mrs. [Melvil] Dewey in their beautiful

flat. His advanced views were pleasantly talked over; libraries,

spelling reform, etc., etc.

  May 28.  Monday.--My old commander, General Sheridan,

is in a very critical condition. My relations with him were not

intimate, but sufficiently so to know him well. He was a most

satisfactory commander to serve under. He was always alert,

determined, and enterprising. He, as I have often said, was

emphatically our battle general. My speech before the Society

of the Army of West Virginia at Portsmouth in 1886 was a fair

statement of his qualities.

  May 30--Memorial Day. Good weather. The ceremonies

passed off pleasantly in all respects. In the forenoon commit-

tees strewed flowers on the soldiers' graves. In the afternoon

the G. A. R. ceremony took place at the monument, Fort Steph-

enson Park.  The crowd of decently dressed and orderly people

made a handsome display.  After this the crowd went over to

the court-house park where music and singing and the address

of Captain [Isaac F.] Mack were the events. Captain Mack's

speech was exceptionally good. I made a very short talk and

read Lincoln's Gettysburg speech.









             MR. CLEVELAND RENOMINATED          391



  Called on Mr. and Mrs. Raikes. Mr. Raikes is pastor of the

Episcopal  church.    An  Englishman,  hearty,  patriotic,  and

sensible. He is of a good family. Fine portraits and the snuff

box (silver and large) of an admiral show the ancestors to have

been of "blue blood." But better far is his genuine character.

Mrs. Raikes shares these good traits also.

  June 8. Friday.--The nomination of Cleveland and Thur-

man at St. Louis is announced. Thurman's nomination hurts the

Democrats in the doubtful State of Indiana; is therefore, per-

haps, not "good politics." But it is pleasant to see that his

independent and honorable course in the trial of the ballot-box

frauds at Columbus has not driven Judge Thurman from his

party.

  June 10. Sunday.--Mr. Barnes gave the picture of "Inno-

cence," the child, and "Guilt," the murderer.

  The points in prisons, crimes, etc., are, 1. Prevention. 2.

Reformation. 3. Place the incorrigible, the professional, where

they will do no harm--convicts for life, earning by labor their

own support.



                                   FREMONT, June 11, 1888.

  MY DEAR WILLIAM HENRY: -- Thanks for Gorman's article.

I have seen notices of it, but would have missed it but for

your attention.

  It is well written and contains many facts. Cleveland was

so swallowed up in his own egotism that the whole world around

him was unseen. True to his own desires meant fidelity to

party--to duty--to country.  His admirers shared largely in

his own delusions.

  I have not seen the scandalous pamphlet about the President.

Is it believed by insiders?

                          Sincerely,

                                    RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

  P. S.--At the Portsmouth reunion 1886, I roughly sketched

the salient points of Sheridan's military career. -- H.

  HONORABLE WILLIAM HENRY SMITH.









392          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



  June 22. Friday.--Absent from home a full week. The

13th, Wednesday, with Lucy to Cleveland. Found Fanny at

Mrs. Austin's. All attended the double Garfield weddings

Thursday, 14th, at Mentor, viz., Harry Garfield to Miss Mason,

and Mollie to Mr. Brown (Joseph Stanley).--[The] 15th, I

went to Delaware. Reached President Payne's in time to attend

the evening gathering in the chapel and make a short talk to

them [the students]. One point made: "Idleness recruits the

ranks of misfortune, of failure, of vice, and crime. Industry

recruits the ranks of success, of achievement, of high and noble

character."

  [The] 16th, Saturday, early, drank abundantly at the dear

old spring. Worked with the board of trustees. Placed on

committee of six or seven to nominate a new president.

   [The] 17th, President Payne delivered baccalaureate. Strong,

but no, or very little, personal reference. Farewells, of course,

to citizens, students, and class.  [The]  18th to Columbus.  At

once met the board [of the Ohio State University] at Captain

Alexis Cope's office. Godfrey, Wing and Booth; finally also

Perkins and Colonel Brigham. A little rebellion of the senior

class -- easily settled. A lack of tact in our good president.

[The] 19th, a pleasant visit with Laura and the Fullertons. Left

 for Toledo with Colonel Brigham. A pleasant night with Mary

and Birchard. [The] 20th, home again. Lovely home, never

so homelike as this hot weather.  The grove, green and fresh,

and the house, airy, cool, spacious. Found Lucy and Fanny

cheery and affectionate in their welcome.

   My  concern now is the danger of diabetes. . . .  Have

used sugar to excess all my days. Must drop that and adopt

a diet suited to the complaint.

   I am interested in the success of Sherman at Chicago. A

noble President he would make. It is probable he would prove

also available as a candidate because he is fittest. The others

named are good men. Harrison, Depew, Allison especially so.

The three ballots place Sherman ahead--249 [votes]. No other

one above 130, but this proves little.









             MR. HARRISON NOMINATED          393



 June 24. Sunday. -- The Republican convention adjourned

until Monday. Depew withdrew in a handsome speech. On the

last ballot yesterday Sherman was still slightly ahead--224 to

Harrison, 223 or 213. New York went to Harrison for the most

part. General Harrison would probably be a good candidate --

possibly the best; possibly a very excellent candidate. His an-

cestry would tell. He is a soldier; he is in a doubtful State;

his civil record is good; he is a firm, sound man; his personal

character is clear and high.

  The danger is Blaine. After his letters, to nominate him

would be a mistake. The acceptance now would seem like a

trick. The charge of a lack of sincerity and integrity would

stick worse than ever.

  June 25.  Monday.--Read quite fully the proceedings at

Chicago. While I think it very unwise to nominate Blaine

again, those who wish it at Chicago have certainly thus far acted

with good sense and entire fairness, so far as I can see. They

seem to give all opponents a fair hearing and to aim to nomi-

nate their favorite only when it is shown that no other can get

a majority. If to this they add the condition that all other can-

didates or their friends consent to his nomination, I do not see

but he is relieved from all committals to the contrary and may

be supported heartily by all Republicans.

  If McKinley is nominated it will be in order for me to con-

gratulate him with "We're tenting tonight on the old camp

ground."

  Harrison nominated on the eighth ballot. Majority large. He

is received here with much satisfaction -- yes, with enthusiasm.



Private.

       SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO, June 24 [25], 1888.

   MY DEAR GENERAL: -- Mrs. Hayes joins in heartiest congratu-

 lations and regards to you and Mrs. Harrison. Very few house-

holds rejoice more sincerely than mine. We were attached to

 Sherman and loyal to his desires, but your nomination covers

a host of points. Encouragement and determination will spread

 everywhere.









394          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



  Do not--of course you will not--think of replying to this

hasty note from

                   Your friend, sincerely,

                                    RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

  GENERAL BENJAMIN HARRISON,

    Indianapolis.





  June 26.  Tuesday. -- The Harrison and Morton nominations

are sound politics. They are likely to be very popular and

strong. Enthusiasm will begin in Indiana, a partisan State, usu-

ally close. The people give much time to politics. Harrison

will stir them up. Great meetings will be held. The spirit will

extend to other States. A lively campaign all over with the

chances pretty even, but inclining to the Republicans.

  Speaking of the facts of the disputed election of 1876 an

article, presumably written by Curtis, concludes:

  "Harper's Weekly held then and holds now that there had

been so much intimidation, bribery, fraud, and suppression, that

it was absolutely impossible to know what the vote really was,

and that under the circumstances the only way to avoid civil

convulsion was to agree upon such a scheme of settlement as

was adopted. Its adoption and the peaceful carrying out of the

decision, was one of the greatest triumphs of patriotism in our

annals."--Harper's Weekly, June 23, 1888.



Private.

                            FREMONT, OHIO, June 26, 1888.

  MY DEAR SIR:--You have no time for long letters. I wish

merely to congratulate you very heartily, and to send to Mrs.

Morton the kind regards and best wishes of Mrs. Hayes and

myself.

  Your nomination was good politics, and is specially grati-

fying to,

                          Sincerely,

                                    RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

  HONORABLE LEVI P. MORTON,

    New York.









             MR. HARRISON NOMINATED          395



                             FREMONT, OHIO, June 27, 1888.

  MY DEAR SHERMAN:--You know  how  I and Mrs. Hayes

and all of my household feel about the Chicago result. We like

Harrison, of course, and think the ticket "good politics," in the

sense of availability. But you were so clearly entitled to it by

service and fitness, and our personal feelings were so enlisted

that we cannot think of it without great disappointment. I try

to find comfort in the reflection that it has become usage in our

country that the man of great and valuable service in civil life

must be content to leave the Presidency to the less conspicuous

and deserving. In your case the one fact that Indiana was

doubtful and Ohio sure compelled the adverse decision. The

first statesman of the land can't be nominated when this con-

sideration is not in his favor if the contest is close.

  We are surprised and mortified by the conduct of Luckey.  I

know him well and was assured of his fidelity to you. I don't

understand it. Mrs. Hayes joins me in special regards to Mrs.

Sherman and yourself.          Sincerely,

                                                R. B. HAYES.

  HONORABLE JOHN SHERMAN.



                             FREMONT, OHIO, June 27, 1888.

  MY DEAR JONES:--So our friend Sherman failed. It was in

accordance with precedent, and was probably "good politics."

The man of large and conspicuous public service in civil life

must be content without the Presidency. Still more, the avail-

ability of a popular man in a doubtful State will secure him the

prize in a close contest against the first statesman of the coun-

try whose State is safe in any event. The ticket is a wise one.

Our Democratic friends will find it no picnic to beat it.

                           Sincerely,

  JUDGE T. C. JONES,                              R. B. HAYES.

    Delaware, Ohio.



                                    FREMONT, June 27, 1888.

  MY DEAR MAJOR:--I congratulate you heartily. Depew be-

haved handsomely. He left the convention with enhanced repu-









396          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



tation. But who else was so fortunate? You gained gloriously.

The test was a severe one, but you stood it manfully. It was

finely done. A better crown than to have been nominated.

  The old story was reenacted. . . .

  There were ambitious men near you at Chicago. That, of

course. Men in political life must be ambitious. But the surest

path to the White House is his who never allows his ambition

to get there to stand in the way of any duty, large or small.

The man who is guided by ambition alone, who acts from

policy, "cannot somehow sometimes always tell."

  My old friend Judge Johnson used to say, "The Presidency

is unlike the Kingdom of Heaven,--those who seek shall never

find."

  Since 1868, twenty years ago, [Republicans] have not been

so united as they are now.

  I could not help telling you how my young hero looked to

his old friend at a distance.        Sincerely,

                                              R. B. HAYES.

  MAJOR WILLIAM MCKINLEY,

    Canton.



  June 29. Friday.--Harrison and Morton seem to please in

all quarters. No such unity among Republicans in the support

of any ticket since 1868, twenty years ago. In 1872 Grant's un-

fortunate Administration had alienated thousands--Greeley,

Sumner, Depew, and a host. In 1876 the hard times and the

Greenback craze took off thousands, making Ohio even and

other Western States doubtful. Besides Conkling's disappoint-

ment sent him to his tent in a fit of sulk. In 1880, again, Conk-

ling was sullen and hostile with Stalwart followers until the

canvass was nearly finished. Besides this, Garfield's record,--

Credit Mobilier and DeGolyer, etc. -- was a load. In 1884

Blaine's record drove off thousands.     Now  all are content, at

least, with Harrison and most are enthusiastic.

  June 30. Saturday. -- Mr. Niles, "a gentleman who has read

and travelled," dined with me today. Through his wife, a Miss

James, daughter of John H. James, late of Urbana, he has a









             PRISON CONGRESS AT BOSTON          397



large landed estate near Toledo on the lake shore. He lives

there in Black Swamp--the only great swamp which has not

an acre of real swamp in it. No springs in the swamp; no

swamp without springs. I must visit him and become acquainted

with him and his family. He is liberal, cultured, and religious.

Worth some effort to know intimately. The "better brethren"

who have seen the Vatican library and treasures and who have

walked sixty miles a day across the Appenines--only one day

at that rate--are to be esteemed in this level country,--level

society as well as scenery.

  July 1, 1888.--Mr. John W.  Patterson of Brooklyn,  for-

merly of Tiffin (1826 to 185--), blind for twelve years, called

with his assistant Miss Potter Saturday. He is the most cheer-

ful and hopeful blind man I have met. Now seventy-six years

old -- (golden wedding celebrated five years ago), he is an in-

teresting and companionable old gentleman.

  July 4.--Have spent the whole morning slowly hammering

out a speech for Boston [National Prison Congress]. So-so

only, but two-thirds done at one sitting.

  July 5. Thursday.--I gave [the finishing touch to] my Bos-

ton talk--a little "communistic" in its tendency, the "privileged

class" will say. But I quote largely on this topic from such

high authorities as Webster and Horatio Seymour.

  July 12.  Thursday.  Boston.--At  the Tremont House, as

it is called here. Left home 7:30 A. M. train yesterday. A

good time [on trip]; reached here 9:50 A. M.

  Here in Boston -- the first of the prison people! A day on

my hands. So much to see. What first? Probably it should

be prisons.





                   TREMONT HOUSE, BOSTON, July 14, 1888.

  MY DARLING:--Lovely cool weather.  Fine quarters, good

company, nothing lacking but you. With Wines, Millikin, and

Judge Wayland yesterday afternoon visited the Female Re-

formatory of Mrs. Johnson. All creditable. But her special









398          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



pride was her dairy. One hundred pounds of butter--was it

a day or a week? And her dozen or fifteen Jerseys, one Alder-

ney, and as many more grade. Today in the afternoon is the

card reception, and tonight the speaking.

  All love to all and to you the special affection of your

                                              RUTHERFORD.

  MRS. HAYES,

    Fremont.





  July 15.  Sunday. -- With Edward L. Pierce yesterday I rode

out to Cambridge--the loveliest college town! What a grand

arched room for the tablets of the heroes of the war! After-

noon, an excellent reception, well attended. A leading usher,

Mr. James, son of George James, of Zanesville.  He was best

man at Stilwell's wedding.

  Dr. Brooks' sermon on the text, "In jail and ye visited me"

was broad, sound, and strong. He speaks rapidly; voice a little

hoarse. Pierce says, "He is the preacher of the world."





                          TREMONT, BOSTON, July 15, 1888.

  MY DARLING:--All has gone off in the best possible way--

the reception, the meeting and speeches last evening, and all.

Nothing wanting. Your absence is a notable exception. So

sorry you didn't come. Never read a speech so well. It was

received most flatteringly.

  Pierce took me to Cambridge in fine style yesterday. Today

Phillips Brooks. Lunch with Mrs. Homans, and then to Mr.

Winthrop's to tea. He sends his carriage for Dr. Green and

myself.

  Very happy. Much love, ever,

                                              RUTHERFORD.

  P. S.--Treated well by all the papers.

  MRS. HAYES,

    Fremont.









             PRISON CONGRESS AT BOSTON          399



  Tremont House, July 17.  Tuesday. -- All goes well with the

Prison Congress. Met [yesterday] in the hall of the House of

Representatives -- a most convenient and suitable place. Good

ventilation, good for hearing well, etc., etc.

  The meeting was interesting. The labor question up. Espe-

cial reference to the O'Neal Bill in Congress. Passed a resolu-

tion on the absolute need in all prisons of skilled and remunera-

tive labor.   A  superintendent of  [the]  Southern  Prison  of

Indiana, Mr. Patton, a fluent, windy, and endless speaker, under-

took to hold the floor in spite of the five-minute rule. He was

persistent when called to order, but I gently and firmly said:

"The gentleman from Indiana will take his seat." He continued

standing. I ignored the fact and in a rapid but orderly way

went on with the business, the meeting applauding!

  P. M. On train through Lexington to Concord, visiting the

fine prison of Colonel Gardiner Tufts, the Concord Reforma-

tory. Returned direct to the Hall of the House 8 P. M. and

went on with the record. Mr. Brooker, of South Carolina, made

a good talk in a quiet way.

  This afternoon with Edward L. Pierce to his home in

Milton. Drove over this lovely suburb. Mrs. Pierce and Mary

with us.  Trees, ocean, hills.

  July 22.  Sunday. -- Home again.  The Boston visit and the

Prison Congress altogether agreeable. Met old friends, made

new ones. And most cordially treated by all. The work of the

[Prison Association] goes on gaining steadily. The Boston jail

and other institutions of Massachusetts in commendable condi-

tion. Models for others.

  As I left the chair the last day, I emphasized as among the

things to be remembered:-- 1.  Dr. Brooks' sermon.  2.  The

permanent imprisonment of the incorrigible old offenders. 3.

The better treatment by the public in all ways of the police, and

their value.

  Reached home last night. I recall especially Mrs. Homans,

Mr. R. C. Winthrop, General Dewey, Colonel Russell of Charles-

ton Prison, especially Edward L. Pierce, Governor Claflin.  Of

course our old associates are not to be omitted -- Professor









400          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



Wayland of Yale, Mr. Wines, Major McClaughry, Dr. Byers,

and a host of others.

  My address and other speeches were well received and the

Boston audience greeted me beautifully. A happy time.

  July 24. -- To Lakeside. Spoke to a fair audience in the audi-

torium. General Leggett, Dr. Buckley, and others in the intelli-

gent audience. Offhand and satisfactory.

  July 26. Thursday. -- Invited by the Society of the Army of

Tennessee to respond at the banquet to the toast, "The Presi-

dent." Can I make a satisfactory ten-minute talk on this? I

would strenuously urge a single term of six years. Now, the wis-

dom of the fathers has given to the President a host of motives

to be honest and patriotic. Presidents in the past have always

been better than their adversaries have predicted.  Take, of

course, only those who are so far removed by time that no one's

sensibilities will be shocked or even touched by allusions to them,

--say, from Washington to Jackson inclusive. All were free

from any the least taint of personal corruption. All were hon-

est men. All were in the best sense gentlemen. Compare them

with the chief magistrates of the nations of Europe. Quote Jef-

ferson's opinion--"could not be elected a vestryman in Amer-

ica."

  July 28. Saturday.--Will give a sketch of Chief Justice

Waite at the meeting in Fort Wayne August 15 and will add

some sentences on the interest that clings to Fort Wayne; next

to Detroit, the most interesting spot in this part of the old North-

west Territory.

  July 31.  Tuesday. -- I go to Columbus today in reference to

president for Ohio Wesleyan and a professor for Ohio State

University.

  August 1. Wednesday. -- Met at D. S. Gray's railroad office,

High Street, near the Columbus depot. Present, Chairman Gray,

Trimble, McDowell, Lyon, Hayes. After hearing letters it was

plain that no one named for president was satisfactory to a clear

majority of the committee.     Phelps preferred to any other.









             DEATH OF GENERAL SHERIDAN          401



Agreed to report not able to find a candidate and to suggest post-

ponement one year and Vice-President McCabe to act as presi-

dent in the meantime. Adjourned. The board called [to meet]

at Delaware the 16th of August.

  August 2. -- With Captain Cope to the Ohio State University.

President Scott opposed to the German influence -- beer and Sun-

day -- in the faculty.  Therefore opposed to Bleile as successor

of Tuttle. Met Bleile, a bright, modest, intelligent scholar.

  August 6.  Monday. -- General  Sheridan died last night at

10:30 P. M. -- suddenly, rather. Sent Mrs. Sheridan [a des-

patch] as follows: "By the death of your illustrious husband our

country loses her great battle general. All who served under

him suffer with you. Mrs. Hayes joins me in deepest sympa-

thy."

  I must send to Colonel John P. Nicholson instructions to issue

proper orders to the Companions of the Loyal Legion.

  August 9.  Thursday.--The death of Sheridan last Sunday

is the event of the week. I always speak of him as our best battle

general. He was able in all the exigencies of war, but in fight

he was specially great. He was cautious and courageous, enter-

prising and sagacious. Firm of purpose, confident of himself

and of his men, always ready to aid them, never leaving a sub-

ordinate to get out of his scrape.

  August 13. Monday. -- I go today to Toledo.  Thence tomor-

row up the Maumee to visit with General Poe and others the

places of historic interest and on Wednesday at Fort Wayne to

attend the meeting of the society over which I am to preside.

  August 18. -- Monday evening left home for the Fort Wayne

meeting of the Maumee Valley Monumental Association.  With

Birchard and Mary that evening. Tuesday morning in the car-

riage of  -----  Schenck, coal dealer at Toledo, and General J. C.

Lee up the Maumee to old Fort Miami on the west bank of the

river a mile or more below Maumee



   26









402          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



                         FREMONT, OHIO, August 18, 1888.

  DEAR SIR:--I have no doubt the copy of my letter written

more than twenty years ago is correctly given, but I do not re-

call it. Having never used spectacles, I could not then or now

speak from experience as to the skill or work of opticians. What

was said was, as the printed letter shows, correct.

                          Sincerely,

                                    RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

  MORRIS BERNHART.



  August 26.  Sunday.--The  past week with Lucy at [the]

Twenty-third  Reunion,  Lakeside  21-23d.   Thursday,  23d,

spoke at Erie County Harvest Picnic, Cedar Point, in the after-

noon, and at the school building [to] Erie County Teachers' In-

stitute in the evening. Industrial education the topic.

  [The] 24th at home. [The] 25th, Saturday, with Mr. and

Mrs. Post, General and Mrs. Leggett, and thirty other gentlemen

and ladies, over to Middle Bass and called on General and Mrs.

Harrison.

  General Harrison told me Blaine wrote him (or told him) that

my Letter of Acceptance was the best ever written. General

Harrison asked me to send it to him.  This I have done today.

  At the Twenty-third Reunion the presence of General Scam-

mon, of Chicago, Colonel Fisher, of Denver, and Dr. Jenkins, of

San Diego, gave us special pleasure.  The singing and recitations

of Kimberley assisted by Major Palmer and Colonel -----, of

Cleveland, carried the affair through gloriously. Lucy and I

enjoyed it all.

  Our friends with whom we dined and teaed at Sandusky, the

Post family, Mack and his wife (I. F.), and the rest were par-

ticularly agreeable.

  I spoke of Sheridan, the "ride," etc.; also his stirring little

speech at Five Forks.

  August 27.  Monday. --- Fanny's merry [week-long] party be-

gins to break up. This morning Robert Neil Dickman, Herrick,

and A. R. Warner, all of Cleveland, leave us.  A more joyous

party and time we have not had. Good singing of sacred, war,









             THE SONS OF VETERANS          403



and college tunes and an abounding good nature has carried the

whole along.

  I am to speak twice at Columbus; once to the Sons of Vet-

erans and must think up my topic. 1. The work done by your

fathers can't be extolled beyond its merit. 2. The principles

and example of Lincoln. 3. The good name you have in your

keeping is a secred heritage which must carry you safely through

every temptation.

  Next Thursday the Sandusky County Pioneer and Historical

Society meets. I will think up a little talk for that occasion also.

  August 28.  Tuesday.--This is the birthday of Lucy.  She is

fifty-seven years old. Health good. Her good constitution pre-

serves her beauty.  She has little down spells sometimes; but all

society, all sorts of people stimulate her to a fine flow of spirits

and she is always happy when she can make others happy.





                            FREMONT, OHIO, August 28, 1888.

  DEAR COMRADE: -- Of course I recall the severe nature of your

service on the raid to Lewisburg, but not the details. The best I

can do is to write a personal letter to the Commissioner of Pen-

sions. I believe General Black wishes to do all he can lawfully

for the meritorious soldier. When you have made all the case

you can, let me know the number of your application and I will

write in your behalf.

  We had a happy time at the reunion at Lakeside last week.

General Scammon was there.

                  With best wishes, sincerely,

                                      RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

  PHILO F. TWITCHELL,

     EX-SOLDIER, 23D O. V. I.



  August 30.  Thursday. -- Our Pioneer meeting was unusually

well attended at the city hall. Excellent music and singing. . . .

S. A. Wildman, Esq., made a sound, good speech. Mine was

well received. Told the story of the sun, the moon, and Joshua

of Franklin.









404          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



  August 31.  Friday.--Hazy but clearing.  Getting dry.  But

never a summer with such grass and leaves. Very few hot days,

but enough to give a great crop of corn. On the whole, the fin-

est summer I have known.

  The climate of Ohio is perfect, considered as the home of an

ideal republican people. Climate has much to do with national

character--with the character of a people.  The highest civiliza-

tion must reach all members of society. It must be one that re-

quires labor on [of] the people to secure food and shelter and

clothing. Hence the warm and luxurious climate of the tropics

which  do not require for health or comfort labor or skill,

industry or economy, is not favorable to progress.  If the cli-

mate is too severe, either too cold or too hot for labor in the open

air, the best society will not be found.

  A climate which permits labor out-of-doors every month in

the year and which requires industry to secure comfort--to

provide food, shelter, clothing, fuel, etc.--is the very climate

which secures the highest civilization.  No work, no civilization,

The climate which encourages industry is the climate of the high-

est civilization. The temperate zone, the productive soil, the va-

ried industry, -- these are the elements.

  Habits of industry are formed by the necessity to work in or-

der to live with comfort and the encouragement to work by rea-

son of confidence that production and abundance are the sure

results.

  September 2, 1888.  Sunday. -- Fanny's  birthday.       Born

twenty-one years ago this morning about 7 A. M. in Cincinnati,

at Walnut Hills. I returned the evening before from a week's

absence "on the stump" in the canvass -- my first candidacy for

governor. I spoke in the afternoon at Hillsboro. No train until

Monday. Four soldiers volunteered to take me to Loveland on

a handcar. There I took a train on the Little Miami reaching the

summer boarding-house of the family about 10 or 11 P. M.  I

gave Fanny a check for one hundred dollars by way of present

on this happy occasion.

  September 5.  Columbus.--Came down Monday evening from

Toledo. Laura and the general waiting for me 11:30 P. M.  A









             OHIO CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION          405



good welcome. Rev. Dr. Jones, son of my friend Judge T. C.

Jones, of Delaware, here.

  A fine time with W. D. Howells--as charming and bright as

ever, and more and more a man of wisdom and heart.

  Yesterday with Governors Foraker, Brackett, and Lounsbury

(Massachusetts and Connecticut) to the review of the Ohio Na-

tional Guard and to the opening of the Centennial at [the] State

Fair Grounds.

  Two blunders only. No police to clear the reviewing stand,

and no sprinkling or weed cutting en route to the Fair Ground.





                       COLUMBUS, OHIO, September 5, 1888.

                                         (Wednesday Eve.)

  MY DARLING:--I have had two busy days. The speeches

were good -- the music excellent. Of course the soldier week

is the great time. I am to speak for the Sons of Veterans Mon-

day evening in the big tent and will have a busy time for three or

four days. You and Fanny are specially expected by Laura. You

should come as early as practicable Monday.  If Scott wants to

come I can arrange for him, I think at Fullerton's. . . .

  Howells left this afternoon. A good time so far.

                          All love.

                                              RUTHERFORD.

  MRS. HAYES,

    Fremont.



  September 6.  Thursday.--Yesterday presided at the Colis-

eum. General Gibson, Lieutenant-Governor Brackett, of Massa-

chusetts, and Governor Lounsbury made good speeches in the

forenoon and Frank H. Hurd made a particularly fine one in the

afternoon. State Senator Palmer of Michigan, Big Rapids, re-

sponded in a patriotic address quoting all of the favorite lines of

"chestnut" poetry!

  Dined with Governor and Mrs. Foraker, the governors, their

blazing staffs, etc., etc.  Meeting Howells and  Hurd was the

event of the occasion so far. Riding with Hurd, out to the fair









406          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



grounds and return, alone in a ----, gave me an agreeable oppor-

tunity to know him. The impression is altogether favorable.

  September 7. Friday.--I dined with Warden Coffin of the

Ohio  Penitentiary.   Present his wife and  daughters,  Phips,

Smead and wife, Murphy, the chaplain, and others. We had an

agreeable gathering.

  We saw the machinery where murderers are now executed.

Seven have been executed. The plan is better than the old one.

It is quietly done. Only a few, at the most about thirty or forty,

can witness [an execution]. It excites nobody outside of the list

permitted to attend. I think the time for capital punishment has

passed. I would abolish it. But while it lasts this is the best

mode.

  I met among officers and guards a number of my old command,

one of the Twenty-third. They were cordial in their greeting.

This, of course. Smith Hirst, the generous Quaker who gave the

Slater fund three thousand dollars, has gone home. He lives at

Colerain, Ohio.

  I will call on Bishop Ireland, of Minnesota.

  September 8.  Saturday. -- I had a long talk with General Mc-

Millan, of Louisiana, formerly of Columbus. The old troubles

of 1876-7 in Louisiana were called up. I told him of the good

faith of Governor Nichols, Lamar, Hampton, and especially of

Gordon. Our only argument was on the wisdom and necessity

of letting bygones be bygones -- of entire amnesty for past polit-

ical offenses on all sides.

  September 9. Sunday. -- Lucy and Fanny arrived last night,

their train from Toledo behind time more than an hour, a little

before midnight.   No getting trunks that night.  With some

trouble got them this morning. [We] attended church at the new

green stone Methodist Episcopal Church, our old congregation,

on Broad Street. Heard General Gibson for the first time in the

pulpit. Style almost identical with his stump and soldier speeches.

Text, "Thy kingdom come," from the Lord's prayer. It was a

hopeful, optimistic view of the progress of the Church.  "When

a boy, one in fifteen were professing Christians, now four and

one quarter are in." Can this be so?









             ARMY REUNION AT COLUMBUS          407



  "Don't look down -- look up. Men who have the dyspepsia

look down and don't see the progress."

  In the evening at the big tent of the Army of West Virginia

General Gibson preached to his comrades on David's advice, "Be

brave, show thyself a man." A soldier's sermon. Good.

  September 14.  Friday. -- Went in Governor Alger's private

car to the Cincinnati exposition in celebration of the centennial

with Governor and Mrs. Foraker, Governor Thayer, General

Belknap, Governor and Mrs. Alger, Colonel F. D. Grant and wife.

  I escorted Mrs. Foraker, first to dinner at the Burnet [House],

then to the Music Hall where we were received by the president

of the exposition, Mr. Allison, and the mayor, [Mr.] Smith.

Governor Foraker was introduced. After a few words, he in-

troduced me, General Belknap, Alger, Governor Thayer, etc. I

said a few words only. Well received. Wonderful exposition.

Rode in the gondola -- one of the six -- with Mr. Howe of the

 State Department. Called on Dr. and Mrs. Davis, Herron and

Will, and General and Mrs. Force and Mrs. Horton.

  At the depot 9 to 11 P. M. No cars. Got one myself. Gave

the ladies--nine to a dozen--first berths and took what was

left after their husbands also were provided and got back to Co-

lumbus at 8 A. M. [of the] 15th.

   [September 16]. Sunday. -- The great G. A. R. Encampment

and Reunion of the Army of West Virginia are over. Both

greatly successful. More army songs, less fine music, would have

improved them. But they were near perfection. Foraker made

many taking speeches. His talents, especially his versatility, are

remarkable. His wit is ready. A little too much tendency to

partisanship and to say sharp things that wound. He says his

speeches are suggested often by what he reads in the daily paper.

This accounts for their freshness. His talk before an audience

is often almost conversational. Always attractive. He is troubled

if he repeats in the presence of those who have heard what he

has said before. He is handsome-fine brown complexion, good

eyes, dark, an intellectual and manly look, fine figure, above med-

ium size. He has risen rapidly. He says when living out of

Cincinnati a few miles he made at his profession one thousand









408          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



one hundred dollars the first year there--soon it was up to ten

thousand dollars. Then nominated for governor; beaten by liquor

questions by Hoadly; then defeated Hoadly. Before he ran that

year his income was twenty-eight thousand dollars yearly. Em-

ployed at salary by fourteen railroads and other corporations.

Politics, a loss financially.

  Heard the minister of Wesley Chapel--a good old-fashioned

sermon. Lovely church.

  September 17. -- Bright and cool. We leave Columbus today

after the finest visit we have perhaps ever made here. Laura

and the general have been in their best condition of health, and

full of all attractive traits and ways.

  September 18.  Tuesday. -- Reached home via Toledo last eve-

ning with Lucy and Fanny from Columbus.

  My old friend, Dr. La Q. Rawson, died last week and was

buried today. He was one of Uncle Birchard's nearest friends.

They came to Lower Sandusky together from Fort Ball (now

Tiffin) in 1827. Their friendship continued until death. The

doctor was descended from [the] Rev. Edward Rawson of Puri-

tan days in Massachusetts.  He was a liberal in religion, but his

character, full of strong traits, was worthy of his lineage. The

family were long-lived. He died aged eighty-four and one day,

having been a sufferer from severe attacks many years.

  September 19.  Wednesday. -- Honorable J. C. Lee of Toledo,

secretary of the Maumee Valley Monumental Association, writes

me that the board of directors have elected me president. I ought

not to assume, loaded down as I am, any more burdens. But it

is one of my hobbies (viz., local history), and I replied, "If you

will do the work, I will hold your hat."

  September 20. Thursday.--Scott R. left last evening for

Cornell University. My talk to him was, in substance: "Be a

good scholar if you can, but in any event be a gentleman in the

best sense of the word--truthful, honorable, polite, and kind,

with the Golden Rule as your guide. Do nothing that would

give pain to your mother if she knew it."









             PEABODY BOARD MEETING          409



  September 28.  Friday. -- Home again after a delightful trip

with Lucy of five days to the Allegheny Centennial at Pittsburgh.

Nothing could be more charming. We enjoyed the music, Amer-

ican and army songs, the fireworks and gas gushers on the river,

the procession of veterans, the children's (two thousand four

hundred) chorus, etc., etc. Made three successful talks. One

on the main stand, the first day; the others at campfires, the last

evening. Received with unbounded enthusiasm on all occasions.

Very gratifying, indeed.

  September 29.  Saturday.--With  Huntington,  Adda,  and

Rutherford drove about town. The new brick paving with the

grading and parking makes Birchard Avenue a fine street.

  October 6, 1888. -- I returned from New York via Toledo last

evening. Left Lucy and Fanny at the Fifth Avenue Hotel.

  We left home Monday, [the] first, eleven o'clock train, and

were in our rooms at the homelike hotel (rooms 41 and 42, our

old quarters) at 10:20 A. M. Tuesday.

  Myron Herrick and wife were our travelling companions from

Cleveland.  Mr. Lawrence, Webb's partner in the National Car-

bon Works at Cleveland, I met for the first time at the hotel.

They are thinking of setting up a plant in the vicinity of New

York. He is a good business man, intelligent and shrewd.

  Mr. D. S. Gray, chairman of the committee on the presidency

of the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, met us as we en-

tered the hotel and told me [the] Rev. Dr. Tubbs would meet

us at noon. We had an exceedingly agreeable interview with

Dr. Tubbs.  The only drawback to the pleasure was the evident

impossibility of getting him to leave Drew Seminary and take the

presidency of Ohio Wesleyan.  What a president he would be

at Delaware! Afternoon of second with Lucy to General Sher-

man's new home in New York. A hearty and warm welcome by

the general and his family.

  Called afterwards at Mead's. A good reception and pleasant

hour with Mrs. Mead. Met at the Fifth Avenue Mr. Lawrence,

Governor and Mrs. Warmoth, the Goodloes, and other friends.

  [On the] third of October. a harmonious meeting of the Pea-

body trustees. Elected the new Chief Justice in place of the old;









410          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



General Devens, vice Lyman, and Senator Gibson in place of

 Manning (both of Louisiana). Banquet in the evening. Escorted

Mrs. Courtenay, wife of the new member from Charleston. Mr.

Winthrop delivered a fine eulogium on Chief Justice Waite at

the morning meeting.

  Bishop Whipple told several good stories.  One of the Scotch

Seceder, who said: "It is a saire thing that the only adherents

of the true faith now left are Sandy Thompson and me,--and

I am not so sicker about Sandy."

  Lucy and Fanny very happy. Left New York on limited ex-

press, Thursday, 4th, at 10 A. M.--My birthday.  Sixty-six

years old.

  October 10. -- The owner of the Aldine at Philadelphia told me

here in the Burnet, Cincinnati, this morning that Tom Scott un-

der Cameron as Secretary of War bought muskets in Vienna at

two francs each and sold them to [the] Government at twelve

dollars to fifteen dollars each. Sanford and others in the deal.

  October 12.  Friday.--Reached home via Toledo about 6.40

P. M. on the Wheeling from Cincinnati after a most agreeable

visit of three days. At Toledo was shown into the room of Mary.

She was in bed looking cheerful and happy.  By her side was the

new son, born that morning.  Good features; darker than his

older brother--darker eyes. . . .

  October 13.  Saturday. -- Lucy and Fanny returned from New

York last night after about two weeks' absence. A good trip and

visit. They spent about five days with Charlie Mead, our favor-

ite cousin with a favorite wife and family.

  The new grandson is not so much of a delight to Lucy as he

is to me. Her rejoicing is in the fact that the newcomer is not

a girl.

  October 18.  Thursday.  Philadelphia, Aldine Hotel.--I left

home Monday 8 A. M. Lake Shore to attend meeting of Com-

mandery-in-Chief of Loyal Legion. Dined at Cleveland with

Aunty Austin. Thence reached Pittsburgh at 7 P. M. The in-

evitable reporters found me--three.  Sleeper to Philadelphia.

Reached here about 10 A. M. one or two hours behind time.









             COMMANDER LOYAL LEGION          411



Found Lieutenant Thackara on train--son-in-law of General

Sherman, an agreeable and well informed travelling companion.

  At Philadelphia, after breakfast, called at Loyal Legion head-

quarters, 723 Walnut Street.  Thence to Nicholson's business

place. We at once entered into the affairs of the Loyal Legion.

He explained the conduct of Colonel Sheridan as to the death of

the general; that is, told what it was. The motives of his singu-

lar exclusion of the Loyal Legion from prominence are not

known.

  He told me of General Sheridan's gratification with my course

last year; how he often requested copies of my speech on his

nomination, etc., etc. Sheridan expected to be made Lieutenant-

General when Sherman was promoted at the end of the war.

Grant had so promised, but Sherman's friends in the Senate

would have only one. "Sherman," he said, "was only for him-

self," etc.

  I explained to Nicholson why I preferred either Sherman or

Schofield for Commander-in-Chief, viz., as a military order,

we should have at its head the man of largest military repu-

tation; that if he, Sherman, was not available, we should take the

next man in military rank and reputation viz., Schofield. On

his stating that under no circumstances could Sherman be chosen,

I then named General Schofield.

  My final, positive, and unshaken position to the end was that

I would not take the place unless it was given with substantial

unanimity. I would not have it after a contest with any one. If

any number wanted anybody else, I would not take it. Colonel

Nicholson replied:  "Then you will be chosen, for all want you."

  It so turned out. I told the same thing to Commander E. C.

Dawes. General Chamberlain told me after our meeting at the

library that if I was modest I would have to leave the chair,

for he was a-going to nominate me for Commander-in-Chief

on the unanimous request of all present -- about thirty members.

The election was fixed for the afternoon. Our business meeting

in the forenoon was agreeable in all respects but without incident

worthy of note.  Present: General Fairchild, General Gregg,

Hartranft, and many others of note.  The Philadelphia members

were particularly cordial and disposed to congratulate me.









412          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



  In the afternoon meeting when Governor Chamberlain rose

and spoke of his embarrassment in speaking in the presence of

etc., I immediately left the chair to General Gregg, commander

of the Pennsylvania commandery, and left the hall. I met in

the office of the library Dr. William H. Egle of the State Library

of Pennsylvania. We sat down and he showed me the last vol-

ume of the "Pennsylvania Archives" and asked me to let him

supply my missing volumes.

  We soon heard applause in the room adjoining. It was quite

a burst at the close of some speaker. I was told it was Colonel

Livermore, of Massachusetts, who made, it was said, a splendid

but short speech.  In a few moments Governor Chamberlain

and       came to me in the office where I was talking with

Dr. Egle and announced to me that I had been chosen unan-

imously Commander-in-Chief. I went in with the committee.

All rose and applauded.  I made two sentences of talk and was

immediately installed by General Gregg. I replied to the con-

stitutional question: "To the best of my ability, yes."

  Then came the filling of my vacancy as Senior Vice-Com-

mander-in-Chief. General Hawley [was] unanimously chosen.

Nominations were then made to fill his vacancy as Junior

Vice.   J.  Mason  Loomis,  of  Chicago,  General  Charles

Devens, of Massachusetts, General Gresham, of Indiana. No

concentration.  A  recess of ten minutes.     After recess, all

names [were] withdrawn and expunged from [the] record.

Then General Gresham [was] again nominated. Soon Surgeon-

General Brown [was] nominated.  On a ballot, the vote stood

for General Gresham eighteen and for Brown ten. Gresham

[was] declared elected.

  In the forenoon meeting, after reading the call, prayer by

Chaplain Trumbull, and roll-call, I delivered memorial address

on Sheridan. Well received [and] ordered printed.

  In the evening at the banquet of the Pennsylvania Com-

mandery at Union League [Club, I] gave it again. Congratu-

lations seemed hearty and general.

  My own feelings are those of gratification of course. Coming

as it [the election] did, etc., etc.









             COMMANDER LOYAL LEGION          413



            ALDINE HOTEL, PHILADELPHIA, October 17, 1888.

  MY DARLING:--You will hear of the doings of the Legion

today before this reaches you, and no doubt you will share my

feelings. Nothing could have been done more handsomely. It

was not merely unanimous, but it was done heartily and in the

best way. Governor Chamberlain, of Maine, made the nomi-

nating speech and the speech of Colonel Livermore, of Massa-

chusetts, was spoken of as wonderfully beautiful. I was not

present at the time. On a confidential caucus, only one man

was for anybody else (he was for Schofield), and he at once

said:--"I have not the least objection to Hayes, but think the

Regular Army should have [the office]. I will of course make

it unanimous." He afterwards congratulated me cordially.

  The talk on Sheridan went off so well that I am asked to

repeat it tonight at the banquet of the Pennsylvania Commandery

at the Union League Club House.

  You notice that Hawley was advanced from Junior Vice-

Commander to my former place and Judge Gresham to Junior

Vice. The latter was after a good deal of well-tempered di-

vision and debate, and was finally made unanimous.

  I called, after it was over, at the United Service Club and met

welcome greetings in all quarters.

  This is on the whole the pleasantest of the honors that have

come to me since Washington, and has some advantages over

that.          "So much."  Ever,

                                    RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

  P. S.--I return, reaching home Friday or Saturday. Love

again. -- R.

  MRS. HAYES,

    Fremont.



  October 20, 1888. -- Returned from Philadelphia last eve-

ning about 7 P. M. Companion William McConway, of Pitts-

burgh -- a man not merely polite but intelligent and interesting

--insisted on giving me his section in the sleeper for my upper

berth.









414          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



  October 22.  Monday.--W. O. Stoddard is writing the lives

of the Presidents for Frederick A. Stokes, successor to White,

Stokes, and Allen. I have read his Jackson and Van Buren.

He writes with force and judgment. The style is colloquial.

But enough is given and done to make the books seem popular

and reliable as well. Therefore I will furnish him with means to

make the sketch of me a good one.

  October 23.  Tuesday.--Wrote many letters yesterday; many

more today, and yet am fearfully behind.

  October 24.    Wednesday.--Busy  still with correspondence

and not near the end!  Will [shall] I ever catch up?

  Reading Matthew Arnold's "God and the Bible." His pivotal

statement is: "Two things about the Christian religion must

surely be clear to anybody with eyes in his head. One is that

men cannot do without it; the other that they cannot do with

it as it is." . . . 

  October 25.  Thursday.--Attended G. A. R. post.  A German

comrade told of shooting deserters; failure to kill after two

squads fired; an officer with a revolver finished the tragedy. In

Burnside's corps, 1864.



                       SPIEGEL GROVE, FREMONT, OHIO,

                                        [October --, 1888.]

  MY DEAR SIR:--It gives me special pleasure to accept your

kind invitation to attend the meeting of the wardens of the

Western penitentiaries to present testimonials of their esteem

to Major McClaughry, the warden of the prison at Joliet, on

the occasion of his leaving that prison for another field of labor.

Indeed, I have so high an appreciation of Major McClaughry

that I prefer the privilege of uniting with you in the testimonial

instead of being present merely as your guest.

  In my attendance on the meetings of the National Prison As-

sociation I have had an opportunity to know something of the

value of the major's work as a practical manager of convicts,

as a wise and intelligent penologist, and as an accomplished and

estimable gentleman. Believing, as I do, that the general public









             CHARACTERISTICS OF GARFIELD          415



do not fully understand the importance of a prison system and

prison administration that shall be at once practical, wise, and

humane, I think it an occasion of public importance when de-

served honor is manifested in behalf of a man like our friend

and associate, Major McClaughry. Unless prevented by some

unforeseen circumstances not now anticipated, I shall be present

at the proposed meeting of prison wardens at Joliet.

                          Sincerely,

                                    RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

  HONORABLE CHARLES E. FELTON,

    SUPERINTENDENT CHICAGO HOUSE OF CORRECTION.





  October 28.  Sunday.--William T. Crump and his daughter

Hattie, came last night. He was my orderly during most of the

war, my steward at the White House, the steward also under

Garfield and Garfield's devoted nurse during all of his painful

weeks after the wound, July 2, until his death September 19.

His nervous system was ruined by the labor and anxiety of that

time.

  He tells many things showing that Garfield during his illness

was in full possession of his faculties; would joke but never

smiled even when everyone else laughed. "Once Mrs. Garfield

was reading items from the morning paper to the President.

The death [of] Dean Stanley was read. The President said:

'A letter to Mrs. Dean Stanley should be written.' Then an

item that Sitting Bull was starving in the North. Mrs. Garfield

said: 'They better let him starve.' The President hated the oat-

meal the doctors required him to eat every morning. He said:

'Oh no, send him my oatmeal.'"

  Crump got heart disease from his drowning on the Kanawha

in the spring of 1863. The raft, on which he was carrying head-

quarters baggage, etc., from the Falls down to Charleston, was

caught in a strong current by the rope at the ferry below the

Falls and torn to pieces. Crump was saved as he was sinking

the last time (the third) by a comrade. He was insensible for

some time.









416          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



  His stories of foraging for headquarters grub are most inter-

esting and curious.  His duty was to get it--the way was not

important. "The end justified the means." Larceny, deception,

and force were freely used.

  October 29. Monday.--Crump tells me, speaking of Presi-

dent Garfield: "I found him an agreeable, friendly man, of good

disposition and temper. I heard him once say to McKinley:

'Old fellow, how long is this worry a-going to last?' McKinley

replied: 'Until you put your foot down and stop it.' Garfield

replied: 'I would rather be up on the Hill at fifteen hundred

dollars a year than here at one hundred and fifty thousand dol-

lars.' Blaine had his own way in 'most all things. Garfield was

wrapped up very much in Blaine.  When  Garfield was shot

Blaine was broken down completely.  He threw his arms around

Garfield and cried. This was in the White House.

  "I never saw Garfield very angry but once. Dinner had been

announced, Mrs. Garfield and others were in the dining-room and

Garfield had been sent for two or more times. Finally Mrs. Gar-

field sent me to stay until I could bring him down. I found him

with MacVeagh, Cameron, and two or three others discussing the

nomination of Chandler for a leading place in the Attorney-Gen-

eral's office. MacVeagh, Cameron, and others were urging the

withdrawal of Chandler's name. Garfield was saying that it could

not be done. McVeagh with an oath brought his first down on the

table saying the name must be withdrawn. Garfield in great

wrath brought his fist down [saying]: 'By G-d, sir, it shall not

be withdrawn!' and Garfield immediately went down to dinner.

But he was so angry he did not eat anything."

  Crump says a number of the boys of the Twenty-third always

claimed that Dr. Joe Webb, the surgeon, was the second man over

the slough at the battle of the Opequon. "They said that he got

up on the bank and found one of the gunners loading a gun. Dr.

Webb seized a spoke of a wheel that had probably been broken

and knocked the gunner down and probably killed him. This

was told by General Hayes' orderly, Underhill (Nate), Charlie

Smith, Loomis, and others. I have often heard them talk it

over."









             CHARACTERISTICS OF GARFIELD          417



  Crump [says], the morning Garfield was shot, he was in exu-

berant spirits. Going for a month to enjoy himself ! Mr. Brown

had just returned from a trip to London. That morning Garfield

was to go on the train to New York.  The announcement was

made that in twenty minutes the train would leave. Garfield asked

Brown if he had heard any religious stories abroad. Soon he

said: "I will tell one. A preacher with a Bible in one hand and

a prayer-book in the other, going Sunday to church, saw some

boys playing marbles. The preacher said: 'Boys, you should not

play marbles on Sunday.' One of the boys replied: 'There is

nothing in the Bible against playing marbles.' The preacher said:

'Yes, there is. Can you read?' The boy said, 'yes.' 'Well, if I

show it to you, will you go to Sunday-school?' The preacher

pointed to a passage, 'Marvel not.' The boy read it and said:

'I give it up. I must go to Sunday-school.'" This was Presi-

dent Garfield's last anecdote.

  Before Garfield left the White House he went up into the bed-

room. The boys turned handsprings over the bed. Garfield said:

"These boys think they can do great things," and then turned a

handspring over the bed with more agility than the boys! The

boys kissed him, one on one cheek and the other on the other.

  October 30.  Tuesday. -- Crump tells stories of Arthur which

need not be repeated. Nothing like it ever before in the Executive

Mansion, --liquor, snobbery, and worse.  Outbursts of ill tem-

per, caused by drink no doubt, were odd enough sometimes.

  Obeying orders, he [Crump] bought a Kennebec salmon--the

first caught -- for fifty-two dollars, weight twenty-six pounds --

two dollars [a pound] etc., etc. But when the outburst was over,

he was just, etc., for the most part.  No doubt his loss of health

and death were due to his excesses.

  Today Lucy, accompanied by Mrs. Bristol, left for Boston to

attend the Woman's Home Missionary Society meeting, Novem-

ber 1-7.  They will stop at the Parker House, Boston. I am sure

[they] will have a good time.  Lucy's short speech is a good one.

About ten minutes -- plain and to the point.

   27









418          RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES



                SPIEGEL, November 1, 1888. Thursday A. M.

  DARLING:--Our friend Mitchell, presiding elder of the San-

dusky district, replies to Judge Hagans on the will case. He

says the will in question was made in 1875, before the Wo-

man's Home Missionary Society had any existence. This does

seem to put a new face on the affair. Keep cool! If this is cor-

rect your society will do well to consider before beginning even

an amicable suit. But we will, I suppose, hear from Judge Ha-

gans again which may bring up his side.  We shall see.

  We are getting on nicely.  .  .  .  Long drives afternoons.

  Please send me newspapers giving the best account of your

doings. Kindest to Mrs. Bristol.

                        Affectionately,

  MRS. HAYES,                         RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

    Boston.

                                SPIEGEL, November 3, 1888.

  DARLING:--Another lovely morning after a day of clouds

and rain yesterday. I go this morning over to Toledo to see

the good people in the Triangle, and the trades display of the

Republican procession. Tuesday, after voting, I go to Cincin-

nati on the urgent invitation of the Loyal Legion who move into

their new quarters next to Robert Clarke on Fourth Street.

I will return in time to meet you as you enter the grove. You

will of course stay as long as you and Mrs. Bristol can enjoy

yourself [selves]. I hope to hear that you consent to serve

another year, but whatever you do will be wisest and best.

  We get on nicely. Fannie and Hattie have run the front part

of the house beautifully. Crump and his daughter go home to-

day.  An interesting visit with them. . . .

                  All love. -- Affectionately,

MRS. HAYES,                                                 R.

  Boston.



  November 3. Saturday.--Will go to Cincinnati to the meet-

ing of the Loyal Legion November 6, leaving here after voting

for Harrison and hoping to hear of his election in Cincinnati.









             ARTHUR'S LIFE IN WHITE HOUSE          419



  The change is desirable, if for no other reason than to improve

the situation at the White House.

  According to Crump, Arthur thought the true social life was

to have entertainments ending with drunken men and women too,

wound up with sobering off on Apollinaris and brandy! Sensual

indulgence was the end and aim of social intercourse. To this

he gave his life and by it lost his life. He left the White House

a wreck.

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